Risk of Microvascular Complications in Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Patients Using Automated Machine Learning Prediction Models.

In type 2 diabetes (T2D), collective damage to the eyes, kidneys, and peripheral nerves constitutes microvascular complications, which significantly affect patients' quality of life. This study aimed to prospectively evaluate the risk of microvascular complications in newly diagnosed T2D patients in Dubai, UAE. Supervised automated machine learning in the Auto-Classifier model of the IBM SPSS Modeler package was used to predict microvascular complications in a training data set of 348 long-term T2D patients with complications using 24 independent variables as predictors and complications as targets.

The Lost Nasopharyngeal Airway: A Sentinel Event to Ponder?

Aspiration of the nasopharyngeal airway (NPA) is one of the rarest and life-threatening complications. In the literature, very few cases have been reported. The advent of NPA to protect the airway in semiconscious patients acts like a double-edged sword, based on the patient's condition.

Chronic Inflammatory Markers in Overweight and Obese Children: A Cross-sectional Analytical Study.

Introduction: Childhood obesity is associated with chronic low-grade systemic inflammation, which results in obesity-related comorbidities. This study compared the inflammatory markers between obese and normal children and assessed obesity-related comorbidities.

Methods: In this cross-sectional analytical study, 40 obese children between 5-18 years of age were recruited as cases, and an equal number of age and gender-matched normal children as the control.

The Expression of HIF-1α and VEGF in Radicular Cysts and Periapical Granulomas.

Objectives:  This study aimed to evaluate the expression levels of hypoxia-inducible factor 1-α (HIF-1α) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in radicular cysts and periapical granulomas, thereby contributing to the understanding of their potential significance in the differential diagnosis and treatment of these lesions.

Materials And Methods:  In the present cross-sectional study, 51 samples of periapical lesions were included. Of them, 24 samples were radicular cysts, and 27 samples were periapical granulomas.

Osteomyelitis of the Patella With Extension Into Parapatellar Soft Tissues in a Six-Year-Old Boy: A Case Report.

Acute osteomyelitis (OM) of the patella is an exceptionally rare condition in children. The rarity of this condition, coupled with its nonspecific symptoms and varied clinical presentations, makes early diagnosis challenging and often results in delayed treatment. Prompt identification and initiation of antibiotic therapy are essential for a full recovery and to prevent the disease from progressing to a chronic, more severe form.

Accuracy of Video Otoscopy in Predicting the Presence of Middle Ear Effusion in Children Compared to Tympanometry: A Diagnostic Study.

Importance: Middle ear effusion (MEE) is the primary cause of conductive hearing impairment among children, predominantly occurring up to the age of two years. The gold standard for detecting MEE is tympanometry (Grayson-Stadler, Eden Prairie, Minnesota). This study explores a less costly alternative, the video otoscope (Inventis S.

Inhibitory Effect of L. Extracts on SARS-COV-2 Spike Protein-ACE2 Interaction.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: A catastrophic outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV-2; Coronavirus disease-19; COVID-19) was first detected in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China, in December 2019. Many experimental and clinical studies have focused on the effectiveness of medicinal plants such as (NS) in combating SARS-CoV-2. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of NS seed extract on SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (S1)-angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (S-ACE2) interaction.

Prediction of mortality in sepsis patients using stacked ensemble machine learning algorithm.

Introduction: Machine learning (ML) has been tried in predicting outcomes following sepsis. This study aims to identify the utility of stacked ensemble algorithm in predicting mortality.

Methods: The study was a cohort of adults admitted to a medical unit of a tertiary care hospital with sepsis.

The Intraoperative Role of Artificial Intelligence Within General Surgery: A Systematic Review.

The role of artificial intelligence has been explored in many industries across the world. The medical field is no exception with studies regarding its use for development of algorithms in cancer screening and its diagnostic utility in clinical radiology. This study aims to review current literature on intraoperative use of artificial intelligence within general surgery to identify the latest developments, the major challenges and the trajectory of this field.

A retrospective study investigating semen parameter profiles among male patients attending a fertility center in the UAE: Insights from a nationality perspective.

Objectives: The current study assessed the epidemiological trends of semen phenotypes and their association with ethnicity among men seeking fertility treatment in the United Arab Emirates (UAE).

Methods: This retrospective study assessed the anthropometric information including age, body mass index (BMI), and nationality, along with semen parameters of men who visited a Fertility Center in Abu Dhabi, UAE between January 2011 and July 2022. To understand the epidemiological trend of semen parameters amongst UAE nationals, propensity score analysis and logistic regression were performed.

Integrating virtual reality to enhance remote teaching of anatomy during unprecedented times.

The COVID-19 pandemic necessitated a global paradigm shift in the teaching of human anatomy. Most institutions successfully transitioned from traditional in-person teaching methods, to various distance-learning strategies. Since virtual reality (VR) offers immersive three-dimensional (3D) experiences, this study investigated students' experiences regarding the capacity of VR to support distance-learning of anatomy.

Central Pontine Myelinolysis Induced by Rapid Correction of Hyponatremia in a Patient With Chronic Alcohol Use Disorder: A Case Report.

Central pontine myelinolysis (CPM) is a demyelinating disorder often associated with the rapid correction of hyponatremia. Elevated creatine phosphokinase (CPK) levels have been observed in some cases of CPM but are not well studied. A 38-year-old patient with chronic alcohol use disorder presented with jerky movements, confusion, and disorientation following severe hyponatremia.

Microcirculation: Current Perspective in Diagnostics, Imaging, and Clinical Applications.

This review discusses the pivotal role of microcirculation in maintaining tissue oxygenation and waste removal and highlights its significance in various pathological conditions. It delves into the cellular mechanisms underlying hemodynamic coherence, elucidating the roles of the endothelium, glycocalyx, and erythrocytes in sustaining microcirculatory integrity. Furthermore, the review gives comprehensive information about microcirculatory changes observed in cardiac surgery, sepsis, shock, and COVID-19 disease.

An Integrated Multimodal-Based CAD System for Breast Cancer Diagnosis.

Breast cancer has been one of the main causes of death among women recently, and it has been the focus of attention of many specialists and researchers in the health field. Because of its seriousness and spread speed, breast cancer-resisting methods, early diagnosis, diagnosis, and treatment have been the points of research discussion. Many computers-aided diagnosis (CAD) systems have been proposed to reduce the load on physicians and increase the accuracy of breast tumor diagnosis.

Accuracy of One-Piece vs. Segmented Three-Dimensional Printed Transfer Trays for Indirect Bracket Placement.

Objective: To assess the accuracy of three-dimensional (3D) printed one-piece vs. multiple segmented transfer trays for indirect bonding techniques in moderate and severe crowding cases.

Methods: Eighty digital maxillary dental models were produced by an extraoral scanner.

Empowering primary care physicians in child and adolescent psychiatry: a needs assessment on collaborative care in Dubai.

Background: Child and adolescent psychiatric disorders pose significant public health concerns necessitating prompt intervention. Primary care physicians (PCPs) play a critical role as initial points of contact, facilitating early detection, management, and referral of these conditions. In Dubai, integrating mental health services into primary care faces unique challenges, highlighting the need for systemic reforms and enhanced PCP training.

Pharmacodynamics and safety in relation to dose and response of plant flavonoids in treatment of cancers.

Despite the recent advancements in developing bioactive nutraceuticals as anticancer modalities, their pharmacodynamics, safety profiles, and tolerability remain elusive, limiting their success in clinical trials. The failure of anticancer drugs in clinical trials can be attributed to the changes in drug clearance, absorption, and cellular responses, which alter the dose-response efficacy, causing adverse health effects. Flavonoids demonstrate a biphasic dose-response phenomenon exerting a stimulatory or inhibitory effect and often follow a U-shaped curve in different preclinical cancer models.

Virtual Gene Panels Have a Superior Diagnostic Yield for Inherited Rare Diseases Relative to Static Panels.

Background: Exome- or genome-based panels-also known as slices or virtual panels-are now a popular approach that involves comprehensive genomic sequencing while restricting analysis to subsets of genes based on patients' phenotypes. This flexible strategy enables frequent gene updates based on novel disease associations as well as reflexing to analyzing other genes up to the whole exome or genome. With recent improvements addressing limitations associated with virtual panels, the advantages of this approach, relative to static custom-based panels, remain to be systematically characterized.

Large language models in periodontology: Assessing their performance in clinically relevant questions.

Statement Of Problem: Although the use of artificial intelligence (AI) seems promising and may assist dentists in clinical practice, the consequences of inaccurate or even harmful responses are paramount. Research is required to examine whether large language models (LLMs) can be used in accessing periodontal content reliably.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the evidence-based potential of answers provided by 4 LLMs to common clinical questions in the field of periodontology.