Primary Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Submandibular Salivary Gland: A Case Report.

Primary Squamous Cell Carcinoma (PSCC) of submandibular salivary gland is a rare occurrence. Careful clinical and histopathological examination is must to diagnose it. The treatment protocol of this rare disease is not clearly defined.

Anatomic relationship of the first olfactory neuron and trochlea: cadaveric study with surgical implications.

Background: Iatrogenic injury to the trochlea is a potential complication of the Draf III or endoscopic modified Lothrop procedure; however, the location of the trochlea from within the sinus cavity has yet to be clearly characterized. We performed the first cadaveric study assessing the position of the trochlea in relation to the first olfactory neuron, a commonly identified landmark during the Draf III procedure.

Methods: Thirteen external dissections of the trochlea were performed on 7 disarticulated cadaveric heads via an extended Lynch type incision.

Metastatic Basal Cell Adenocarcinoma of Submandibular Gland to the Spine: An Extremely Rare Condition.

Background: Basal cell adenocarcinomas are rare malignant neoplasms of salivary glands, accounting for <1% of salivary gland tumors. Few cases of distant metastases have been reported.

Case Description: A 50-year-old Thai man was diagnosed with basal cell adenocarcinoma of the submandibular gland with pulmonary and cervical spine metastases with progressive myelopathy.

Therapeutic Neck Dissection in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Is Selective Neck Dissection the Way Ahead?

Background Selective neck dissection in multimodality treatment protocols is slowly being accepted for the management of N+ neck in many centers. This is because the functional disability is lower than modified radical neck dissection. Objective This study compares the regional recurrence rates between patients who underwent selective neck dissection and patients underwent comprehensive neck dissection for node positive oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Clinical course of incidental parathyroidectomy: Single center experience.

Objective: Thyroidectomy is a very common surgical procedure. Regardless of surgeon experience, incidental parathyroidectomy is a complication of thyroidectomy. The aim of this study was to identify the clinical course of incidental parathyroidectomies after thyroidectomy.

Clavicle fracture with osteomyelitis after neck dissection and post-operative radiotherapy: case report.

Background: Non-traumatic bone fractures in cancer patients are usually pathological fractures due to bone metastases. In head and neck cancer patients, clavicle stress fractures may occur as a result of atrophy of the trapezius muscle after neck dissection in which the accessory nerve becomes structurally or functionally damaged.

Case Report: A 71-year-old man underwent modified radical neck dissection with accessory nerve preservation and post-operative radiotherapy for submandibular lymph node metastases of tongue cancer.

Transoral robotic thyroidectomy: lessons learned from an initial consecutive series of 24 patients.

Background: Transoral thyroid surgery is an ideal method for minimally invasive thyroidectomy, as there is less flap dissection during the procedure and no postoperative scars. Nonetheless, technical obstacles have precluded the wide dissemination of this procedure. We present the surgical procedures and outcomes of transoral robotic thyroidectomy (TORT).

Robotic modified radical neck dissection with bilateral axillo-breast approach.

Bilateral axillo-breast approach (BABA) robotic thyroidectomy has been performed since 2008, and the indications of the BABA robotic operation has been widened to the robotic modified radical neck dissection (MRND). The indication for BABA robotic MRND is suspicious lateral neck metastasis of well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma, and the contraindication is far advanced carcinoma such as encasement of common carotid artery. Surgical procedures start from flap formation as a routine BABA robotic thyroidectomy and the lateral neck dissection is performed from level IV and Vb to level III and IIA.

Development and Validation of a Modular Endoscopic Ear Surgery Skills Trainer.

Objective: Endoscopic ear surgery (EES) is an emerging technique requiring single-handed dissection with limited depth perception. Current options for EES simulation and training are limited. Herein, we introduce a versatile, low-cost surgical skills trainer that aims to improve the fine motor control necessary for EES.

Soft embalming of cadavers for training purposes: Optimising for long-term use in tropical weather.

Background: Surgical and anatomical training has been found to be most optimally simulated in a cadaver than any other available methods. Soft embalming methods have made the bodies more 'lifelike' and better suited for training. The widely accepted soft embalming techniques, including Thiel embalming, are designed for temperate climates.

An unusual position of retromandibular vein: a surgical challenge in parotid surgeries.

A 44-year-old man presented with swelling in the left parotid region. The swelling was firm and Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology report proved pleomorphic adenoma. In the CT scan, the tumour was confined to the superficial lobe of parotid.

Greater Omental Lymph Node Flap for Upper Limb Lymphedema with Lymph Nodes-depleted Patient.

Background: The greater omentum is supplied by the right, middle, and left omental arteries, which arise from the right and left gastroepiploic arteries. All or part of the greater omentum can be harvested based on this blood supply for free tissue transfer. It has stimulated new interest in its use as the donor site in the treatment of lymphedema.

Classification of parotidectomy: a proposed modification to the European Salivary Gland Society classification system.

Parotidectomy remains the mainstay of treatment for both benign and malignant lesions of the parotid gland. There exists a wide range of possible surgical options in parotidectomy in terms of extent of parotid tissue removed. There is increasing need for uniformity of terminology resulting from growing interest in modifications of the conventional parotidectomy.

The Effectiveness of Prophylactic Modified Neck Dissection for Reducing the Development of Lymph Node Recurrence of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma.

Aim: The most frequent recurrence site of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the cervical lymph nodes. The introduction of an electric linear probe for use with ultrasonography in 1996 improved preoperative lateral neck evaluations. Before 2006, however, our hospital routinely performed prophylactic modified neck dissection (p-MND) for N0 or N1a PTCs >1 cm to prevent node recurrence.

Is Neck Dissection Associated with an Increased Risk of Postoperative Stroke?

Objective Prior studies have reported widely disparate rates of postoperative stroke, with conflicting analyses of whether neck dissection is an independent risk factor. Study Design Cohort study. Setting American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program from 2005 to 2013.

Mammary Analogue Secretory Carcinoma Presenting as a Cervical Lymph Node Metastasis of Unknown Primary Site: A Case Report.

Background: Mammary analogue secretory carcinoma (MASC) is a pathological entity arising in the salivary glands first described by Skalova et al. [Am J Surg Pathol 2010;34: 599-608]. Here, we report the first case of MASC presenting as a cervical lymph node metastasis of unknown primary site together with a brief review of the literature.

Using a pedicle pectoralis major musculocutaneous flap in head and neck reconstruction after modified radical mastectomy: A case report.

Rationale: A pedicle pectoralis major musculocutaneous (PMMC) flap is one of the strategies for head and neck reconstruction. Seldom studies reported the case in which the skin area of previous modified radical mastectomy (MRM) had been used as a PMMC flap in head and neck reconstruction.

Patient Concerns: An 84-year-old female who had suffered from left breast cancer and undergone a left modified radical mastectomy (MRM) more than 20 years earlier.

A Modified Tracheal Transaction Approach for the Repair of Nonmalignant Tracheoesophageal Fistulas: A Report of 5 Cases.

Background: A postintubation tracheoesophageal fistula is a rare complication of a tracheotomy. Surgical repair is the only viable option for these patients, but the repair techniques presented in the literature vary.

Methods: We used a modified tracheal transaction approach to repair 5 cases of nonmalignant tracheoesophageal fistulas.

Bilateral Basaloid Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Parotid Gland: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Introduction: We describe the first known case of bilateral basaloid squamous cell carcinoma of the parotid gland, and we review existing literature.

Case Presentation: A previously healthy, 70-year-old white man presented with a 2-cm enlarging mass in the tail of the right parotid gland. Magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography showed ipsilateral pathologic adenopathy.

Anatomy-Specific Virtual Reality Simulation in Temporal Bone Dissection: Perceived Utility and Impact on Surgeon Confidence.

Objective To evaluate the effect of anatomy-specific virtual reality (VR) surgical rehearsal on surgeon confidence and temporal bone dissection performance. Study Design Prospective pre- and poststudy of a novel virtual surgical rehearsal platform. Setting Academic otolaryngology-head and neck surgery residency training programs.

[The clinical characteristics and treatment strategies of differentiated thyroid carcinoma in adolescents and children].

To study the clinical characteristics and treatment strategies of differentiated thyroid carcinoma in adolescents and children.From 1983 to 2014, total 2936 patients with the thyroid cancer were collected in our hospital, among which there were 85 patients of adolescents and children with 61 female and 24 male. The age was from 9 to 21 years old (median 18.

Anatomical nuances of the internal carotid artery in relation to the quadrangular space.

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the anatomical variations of the internal carotid artery (ICA) in relation to the quadrangular space (QS) and to propose a classification system based on the results. METHODS A total of 44 human cadaveric specimens were dissected endonasally under direct endoscopic visualization. During the dissection, the anatomical variations of the ICA and their relationship with the QS were noted.

Patterns, predictive factors and prognostic impact of multilevel metastasis in N1b papillary thyroid carcinoma.

Background: The patterns, predictive factors and prognostic impact of multilevel metastasis in patients with N1b papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) were investigated.

Methods: A retrospective review of patients with N1b PTC from a tertiary referral centre in Korea who underwent unilateral modified radical neck dissection was undertaken.

Results: Of 658 patients, multilevel metastasis was found in 73·9 per cent; the most common type was metastasis in two levels.

Surgical and pathogenetic considerations of frontal sinus fungus ball.

Fungus ball (FB) is an non-invasive form of mycosis, that generally affects immunocompetent and non-atopic subjects. Involvement of the frontal sinus is extremely rare. We report two cases with frontal sinus fungus ball that underwent endoscopic endonasal frontal Draf type IIb or III sinusotomy with complete removal of the cheesy clay-like material.