Berberine Attenuates Cerulein-Induced Acute Pancreatitis by Modulating Nrf2/NOX2 Signaling Pathway via AMPK Activation.

AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is the master regulator of cellular energy which gets activated during energy stress and restores tissue homeostasis. AMPK is widely expressed in the pancreas and is involved in protein synthesis. In cerulein-induced acute pancreatitis (AP), diminished AMPK activity in the pancreatic tissue may be associated with pancreatic inflammation and oxidative stress.

Development of the Revised Entry-Level Essential Competencies in the Care of Older Adults: Linking Domains of Competence, Commission on Accreditation in Physical Therapy Education Standards, and the Geriatric 5Ms.

Purpose: Geriatric physical therapy (PT) has evolved since 2011, when the Essential Competencies (ECs) in the Care of Older Adults at the Completion of the Entry-level Physical Therapy Professional Program of Study were published. The purpose of the ECs was to ensure that all entry-level physical therapists were prepared to meet the unique needs of the growing older adult population. Changes in population demographics, medical and research advances, coupled with advancements in the profession of PT, necessitate a revision of the ECs.

Pantoea dispersa Causing Bacteremia and Endocarditis in an Immunocompromised Adult: A Rare Case.

Gram-negative rods, namely,  and , are the most common causative agents of bacteremia. The genus , another group of Gram-negative rods, is a relatively uncommon cause of bacteremia. Our literature review revealed only eight other cases of infection in humans.

Number of Prescription Medications and Overall Survival in Metastatic Castrate-Resistant Prostate Cancer.

Assessment of comorbid diseases is essential to clinical research and may risk-stratify patients for mortality independent of established methods such as the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI). In a retrospective study of U.S.

Acute metabolic decompensation after liver transplant in a patient with maple syrup urine disease.

Maple syrup urine disease (MSUD) is an inborn error of metabolism characterized by the accumulation of branched-chain amino acids (leucine, isoleucine, and valine) caused by a defect in the branched-chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase complex. Liver transplant is an effective therapy for MSUD, and patients can usually tolerate a regular diet after transplant without symptomatic metabolic decompensation. Most post-transplant patients do not follow a sick-day diet.

Redefining Clinically Significant Blood Loss in Complex Adult Spine Deformity Surgery.

Study Design: Retrospective analysis of prospectively-collected data.

Objective: This study aims to define clinically relevant blood loss in adult spinal deformity (ASD) surgery.

Background: Current definitions of excessive blood loss following spine surgery are highly variable and may be suboptimal in predicting adverse events (AE).

Deciphering the Vulnerability of Pollen to Heat Stress for Securing Crop Yields in a Warming Climate.

Climate change is leading to more frequent and severe extreme temperature events, negatively impacting agricultural productivity and threatening global food security. Plant reproduction, the process fundamental to crop yield, is highly susceptible to heatwaves, which disrupt pollen development and ultimately affect seed-set and crop yields. Recent research has increasingly focused on understanding how pollen grains from various crops react to heat stress at the molecular and cellular levels.

Phosphatidic Acid Signaling in Modulating Plant Reproduction and Architecture.

Phosphatidic acid (PA) is an important class of signaling lipids involved in various biological processes in plants. Functional characterization of the mutants of PA's metabolizing enzymes coupled with lipidomics and protein-lipid interaction analyses have revealed that PA signaling is involved in plant response to biotic and abiotic stress. Moreover, PA and its metabolizing enzymes have been found to affect various reproductive steps, including gametogenesis, pollen tube growth, self-incompatibility, haploid embryo formation, embryogenesis, and seed development.

Optimal Duration of Antibiotic Therapy for Primary Osteomyelitis Discitis: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.

Study Design: Systematic Review and Network-Meta-analysis.

Purpose: This study aimed to systematically review the literature on management of primary osteomyelitis discitis and perform a network meta-analysis comparing the efficacy of different antibiotic treatment durations.

Background: Primary osteomyelitis discitis is a challenging condition with varying management strategies.

Assessment of Myocardial Perfusion in Patients After CABG: An Update and Clinical Implications.

Stress radionuclide myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) has been well-established as a useful modality for assessing the status of the coronary circulation in post-coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) patients. CABG by itself escalates progression of atherosclerosis or thrombosis in bypassed native coronary arteries. In most cases MPI will be employed in post-CABG patients who are experiencing symptoms.

Flexibility in Surgical Training Does Not Affect American Board of Surgery Board Eligibility or Certification: Long-term Outcomes from a Prospective, Multi-Institutional Study of General Surgery Residents.

Objective: In 2011, the American Board of Surgery (ABS) implemented a policy to permit greater flexibility in the structure of general surgery (GS) residency training. Our goal was to investigate the impact of flexibility in surgical training (FIST) on resident success in obtaining ABS board eligibility and certification.

Design: A prospective, multi-institutional study was conducted to examine the feasibility of incorporating flexibility tracks across residency programs and measure educational outcomes including ABS In-service Training Exam (ABSITE) scores, Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) Milestones, operative case log volumes, and ABS Qualifying (QE) and Certifying (CE) Examinations scores.

Hyper-Thick Electrodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries Enabled by Micro-Electric-Field Process.

Increasing electrode thickness is a key strategy to boost energy density in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), which is essential for electric vehicles and energy storage applications. However, thick electrodes face significant challenges, including poor ion transport, long diffusion paths, and mechanical instability, all of which degrade battery performance. To overcome these barriers, a novel micro-electric-field (μ-EF) process is introduced that enhances particle alignment during fabrication with reduced distance between anode and cathode.

Real-world effectiveness and causal mediation study of BNT162b2 on long COVID risks in children and adolescents.

Background: The impact of pre-infection vaccination on the risk of long COVID remains unclear in the pediatric population. We aim to assess the effectiveness of BNT162b2 on long COVID risks with various strains of the SARS-CoV-2 virus in children and adolescents, using comparative effectiveness methods. We further explore if such pre-infection vaccination can mitigate the risk of long COVID beyond its established protective benefits against SARS-CoV-2 infection using causal mediation analysis.

Enoki-Inspired Microfibers and Extracellular Matrix Enhance Biaxially Interlocking Interfaces.

Taking inspiration from diverse interlocking and adhesion structures found in nature, a biaxially interlocking interface is developed in this work. This interface is formed by interconnecting two electrostatically flocked substrates and its mechanical strength is enhanced through the incorporation of enoki mushroom-shaped microfibers and deposited extracellular matrix (ECM). Tips of flocked straight fibers can be transformed into mushroom shapes through thermal treatment.

Electronically Monitored Antidepressant Adherence in Adolescents with Anxiety Disorders: A Pilot Study.

Antidepressant medication adherence patterns are inconsistent in adolescents with anxiety and related disorders, and the clinical and demographic features predicting adherence are poorly understood. In an ongoing single-site prospective trial involving adolescents (aged 12-17) with the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition anxiety disorders treated with escitalopram, adherence was measured for 12 weeks using electronic monitoring caps. Adherence patterns were examined using qualitative and unsupervised clustering approaches, and predictors of adherence were evaluated using logistic regression, with demographic (age, sex, and race) and clinical variables (e.

Repurposing the Antihypertensive Agent Hydralazine As an Inhibitor of the Base Excision Repair Enzyme APE1.

Apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APE1) is a central enzyme in the base excision repair (BER) pathway. APE1 catalyzes incision of the phosphodiester linkage on the 5'-side of apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) sites during the repair of damaged nucleobases in cellular DNA. Inhibition of this enzyme can potentiate the action of DNA-damaging chemotherapeutic agents.

Mental Health Treatment Access: Experience, Hypotheticals, and Public Opinion.

Unlabelled: Policy Points Policymakers should consider both material (e.g., cost) and attitudinal (e.

Pancreaticoduodenectomy in trauma patients with grade IV-V duodenal or pancreatic injuries: a post hoc analysis of an EAST multicenter trial.

Introduction: The utility of pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) for high-grade traumatic injuries remains unclear and data surrounding its use are limited. We hypothesized that PD does not result in improved outcomes when compared with non-PD surgical management of grade IV-V pancreaticoduodenal injuries.

Methods: This is a retrospective, multicenter analysis from 35 level 1 trauma centers from January 2010 to December 2020.

A Retrospective Analysis of Thrombosis and COVID-19 Mortality in Rural Midwestern Population.

Background COVID-19 disease has caused a major global impact on health and mortality. This infection may predispose patients to thrombotic disease, caused by excessive inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, platelet activation, and stasis. In this study, we compared mortality rates in patients admitted to the hospital with the diagnosis of COVID-19, who also had the additional diagnosis of thrombosis with those who did not have thrombosis as an additional diagnosis.

Bidirectional links between sleep and pain among heavy-drinking veterans with insomnia.

Study Objectives: Military veterans often suffer from chronic pain and sleep issues at a greater frequency than the general population, leading some to self-medicate with alcohol. While research shows a connection between sleep and pain, few studies have examined bidirectional links between sleep and pain at the daily level-or the extent to which alcohol use may moderate these associations.

Methods: Heavy-drinking veterans seeking treatment for insomnia ( = 109, 82.