Patterns of trauma-induced coagulopathy in injured children: A principal component analysis investigating endothelial, coagulation, and platelet biomarkers.

Background: Trauma-induced coagulopathy is common and associated with poor outcomes in injured children. Our aim was to identify patterns of coagulopathy after injury using endothelial, platelet, and coagulation biomarkers, and associate these phenotypes with relevant patient factors and clinical outcomes in a pediatric trauma cohort.

Methods: Principal component (PC) analysis was performed on data from injured children between 2018 and 2022.

Pregnancy-related acute kidney injury leads to hypertension, reduced kidney function and cognitive impairment in postpartum rats.

Introduction: Women with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy such as HELLP (hemolysis, elevated liver enzyme, low platelet) Syndrome are affected by acute kidney injury during pregnancy (PR-AKI) at higher rates than women without hypertension. Both hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) outside the context of pregnancy have been associated with an increased risk of developing Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) and cognitive impairment. In our current study, we set out to determine if PR-AKI led to the development of CKD and impaired cognition in the postpartum period and if HELLP syndrome exacerbates the impairments.

Preclinical evaluation on human platelet lysate for the treatment of secondary injury following intracerebral hemorrhage.

Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a condition with high mortality and disability. Secondary injury processes following ICH include neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and neuronal apoptosis. Human platelet lysate (HPL), derived from crushed platelets, is rich in cytokines and has demonstrated therapeutic potential in neurological disorders in several studies.

Predictive Factors Driving Positive Awake Test in Carotid Endarterectomy Using Machine Learning.

Background: Positive neurologic awake testing during the carotid cross-clamping may be present in around 8% of patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy (CEA). The present work aimed to assess the accuracy of an artificial intelligence (AI)-powered risk calculator in predicting intraoperative neurologic deficits (INDs).

Methods: Data was collected from carotid interventions performed between January 2012 and January 2023 under regional anesthesia.

Inhibition of PCSK9 Protects against Cerebral Ischemia‒Reperfusion Injury via Attenuating Microcirculatory Dysfunction.

Proprotein convertase substilin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9), a pivotal protein regulating lipid metabolism, has been implicated in promoting microthrombotic formation and inflammatory cascades, thereby contributing to cardiovascular ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. However, its involvement in cerebral I/R injury and its potential role in microcirculation protection remain unexplored. In this investigation, we utilized a middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) mouse model to simulate ischemic stroke.

Review of Low Titer Group O Whole Blood (LTOWB) Transfusion in Initial Resuscitation of Pediatric Trauma Patients: Assessing Potential Benefits.

Background: Hemorrhagic shock secondary to trauma is a leading cause of pediatric mortality in the United States. Timely intervention is crucial to prevent many of these deaths. Children and adults exhibit distinct responses to trauma due to varying blood volume ratios and injury patterns.

Basilar artery fenestration and ischaemic stroke: cause, sieve, or both?

This is a case of a young male patient with no known prior risk factors who presented for acute-onset right-sided neurological deficits suspicious for stroke, and magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) identified the development of an occlusion at the level of a basilar artery (BA) fenestration in the setting of right vertebral artery occlusion. The patient was treated with dual-antiplatelet therapy in the hospital and was able to return to work shortly after discharge. The case provides insights into several possibilities for the clinical significance of BA fenestration and its potential causal or contributory relationship with ischaemic stroke of the brainstem.

Targeting Rap1b signaling cascades with CDNF: Mitigating platelet activation, plasma oxylipins and reperfusion injury in stroke.

Cerebral reperfusion injury in stroke, stemming from interconnected thrombotic and inflammatory signatures, often involves platelet activation, aggregation and its interaction with various immune cells, contributing to microvascular dysfunction. However, the regulatory mechanisms behind this platelet activation and the resulting inflammation are not well understood, complicating the development of effective stroke therapies. Utilizing animal models and platelets from hemorrhagic stroke patients, our research demonstrates that human cerebral dopamine neurotrophic factor (CDNF) acts as an endogenous antagonist, mitigating platelet aggregation and associated neuroinflammation.

Racial and ethnic differences in restarting antiplatelet therapy in patients with primary intracranial hemorrhage: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: There has long been clinical disagreement over the resumption of antiplatelet therapy in patients with primary intracranial hemorrhage (ICH). This meta-analysis aimed to systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of restarting antiplatelet therapy after ICH among different races and ethnicities.

Methods: All relevant medical studies involving adults with antiplatelet-associated ICH published in PubMed, The Cochrane Library and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure from inception to March 2024 were sourced.

The factors associated with the modified Fisher grade in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Background: Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) is a life-threatening medical condition with a high fatality and morbidity rate. There was a substantial link between the modified Fisher grade of aSAH and the neurological function deficit. This study aimed to analyze the factors associated with the modified Fisher grade of aSAH using a machine learning approach.

Inflammatory Hematological Ratios in Adolescents with Mental Disorders: A Scoping Review.

Backgound: Inflammatory hematological ratios (IHRs), such as neutrophil to lymphocyte, monocyte to lymphocyte, and platelet to lymphocyte ratios, are associated with mental disorders, symptoms severity, and the disease phase. Evidence from the studies in adult patients has been summarized in systematic reviews and meta-analyses. The results of the studies in adolescents remain poorly systematized.

Initial Experience with the Derivo 2Heal Flow Diverter under Standard or Reduced-Dose Single Antiplatelet Therapy.

Background And Purpose: Flow diverters with surface modifications or coatings have been recently introduced to clinical practice with the expectation that they can reduce the rate of thromboembolic complications and residual aneurysms. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the utility of the Derivo 2Heal (D2H) device, a new fibrin and heparin-coated flow diverter.

Materials And Methods: Patients treated by a single operator by using the D2H were retrospectively evaluated for demographic data, aneurysm characteristics, procedural variables, and follow-up data.

INVESTIGATION OF IRON DEFICIENCY IN POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN BASED ON LABORATORY TESTING: A UNI-CENTRE STUDY.

Objectives - postmenopausal women (PMW) undergo a physiological phase of lack or insufficient female sex hormones resulting in some consequences including hematological deficits. The present study aimed to investigate the detection of anemia in postmenopausal women using easy laboratory tools. In this retrospective analysis of patient data collected during the period between 2014-2022.