Sudden Cardiac Arrest Associated with Hemodialysis: A Community-Based Study.

Background: Individuals with end-stage renal disease may be at increased risk of sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) associated with dialysis therapy. However, community-based studies with comprehensive adjudication of SCA are lacking.

Methods: We conducted a community-based study using a case-case study design in a US population of ≈1 million.

Characterization of Human Senescent Cell Biomarkers for Clinical Trials.

There is an increasing need for biomarkers of senescent cell burden to facilitate the selection of participants for clinical trials. p16 is encoded by the CDKN2A locus, which produces five variant transcripts in humans, two of which encode homologous p16 proteins: p16, encoded by p16_variant 1, and p16ɣ, encoded by p16_variant 5. While distinct quantitative polymerase chain reaction primers can be designed for p16_variant 5, primers for p16_variant 1 also measure p16_variant 5 (p16_variant 1 + 5).

Effects of HMG CoA reductase (HMGCR) deficiency on skeletal muscle development.

Pathogenic variants in HMGCR were recently linked to a limb-girdle muscular dystrophy (LGMD) phenotype. The protein product HMG CoA reductase (HMGCR) catalyzes a key component of the cholesterol synthesis pathway. The two other muscle diseases associated with HMGCR, statin-associated myopathy (SAM) and autoimmune anti-HMGCR myopathy, are not inherited in a Mendelian pattern.

Validating a novel measure for assessing patient openness and concerns about using artificial intelligence in healthcare.

Objectives: Patient engagement is critical for the effective development and use of artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled tools in learning health systems (LHSs). We adapted a previously validated measure from pediatrics to assess adults' openness and concerns about the use of AI in their healthcare.

Study Design: Cross-sectional survey.

Rapid (≤25 °C) cycloisomerization of anhydride-tethered triynes to benzynes - origin of a remarkable anhydride linker-induced rate enhancement.

The hexadehydro-Diels-Alder (HDDA) reaction is a cycloisomerization between a conjugated diyne and a tethered diynophile that generates -benzyne derivatives. Considerable fundamental understanding of aryne reactivity has resulted from this body of research. The multi-yne cycloisomerization substrate is typically pre-formed and the (rate-limiting) closure of this diyne/diynophile pair to produce the isomeric benzyne generally requires thermal input, often requiring reaction temperatures of >100 °C and times of 16-48 h to achieve near-full conversion.

Left Atrial Papillary Fibroelastoma Mimicking Myxoma.

Papillary fibroelastomas (PFEs) followed by cardiac myxomas (CM) are the 2 most common primary benign cardiac tumors. Although typically asymptomatic, they can manifest with nonspecific symptoms such as dyspnea and dizziness or more acute manifestations such as embolic events. We describe an unusual location of a PFE typically seen with a CM.

Critical Acute Left Ventricular Outflow Tract Obstruction Due to Cardiac Sarcoma.

Left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction is mostly caused by hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy and subaortic stenosis. Rarely, malignancy can lead to dynamic LVOT obstruction and has only been sporadically documented. We present the first case of dynamic and/or nearly fixed LVOT obstruction caused by a cardiac myxoid spindle cell sarcoma.

Percutaneous Removal of Cardiac Papillary Fibroelastomas.

Papillary fibroelastomas (PFEs) are primary cardiac tumors associated with significant embolic risk. Surgical excision or medical therapy with antiplatelets and/or anticoagulants have been the treatment options for symptomatic patients. This paper reports our early experiences of percutaneous removal of PFE using mechanical aspiration techniques.

Seizure network characterization by functional connectivity mapping and manipulation.

Significance: Despite the availability of various anti-seizure medications, nearly 1/3 of epilepsy patients experience drug-resistant seizures. These patients are left with invasive surgical options that do not guarantee seizure remission. The development of novel treatment options depends on elucidating the complex biology of seizures and brain networks.

Chronic Kidney Disease-Associated Pruritus Burden: A Patient Survey Study.

Rationale & Objective: Chronic kidney disease-associated pruritus (CKD-aP) is a common, underrecognized condition in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), especially those receiving hemodialysis (HD). The present study analyzed the clinical treatment journey and overall burden of pruritus among patients with CKD-aP.

Study Design: Cross-sectional, patient-reported online survey.

Centering historically minoritized populations to design effective messages about an evidence-based policy to advance social equity.

Researchers have raised concerns that messages describing racial disparities in social outcomes can reduce or polarize support for public policies to address inequality. We questioned this assumption by testing the impact of carefully crafted messages about child tax credit (CTC) expansion. We conducted two randomized message trials, study 1 using Prolific's nonprobability panel ( = 1,402) and study 2 using SSRS's Opinion Panel, a web-based probability sample of US adults ( = 4,483).

Phenotypic variability and the gender paradox in the R363C variant of Fabry disease.

Fabry disease is an X-linked lysosomal disease caused by variants in the gene. Although Fabry disease is X-linked, gene variants in females can exhibit a wide range of symptoms, challenging the traditional view of Fabry as an X-linked recessive disease. A family is presented here with a 36-year-old female who is symptomatic with chronic kidney disease and her oligosymptomatic 70-year-old father, both of whom have a heterozygous and hemizygous GLA pathogenic variant, respectively, c.

sTREM2 in discordant CSF Aβ and p-tau181.

Introduction: Little is known about the factors underpinning discordant cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) amyloid beta (Aβ) versus p-tau181/Aβ or CSF Aβ versus Aβ positron emission tomography (PET).

Methods: We stratified 570 non-demented Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) participants by Aβ PET and further by CSF Aβ or p-tau181/Aβ. We used analysis of covariance testing adjusting for covariates, followed by Tukey post hoc pairwise comparisons, to compare CSF soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-2 (sTREM2) across four participant groups: CSF+ with CSF- , CSF- with CSF+ , and concordant CSF/CSF.

Using creativity and the arts to promote mental health in youth living with HIV in South Africa.

Access to adolescent-friendly, culturally relevant and stigma-free mental health support is essential for reducing the long-term psychological, social and economic challenges of mental illness of youth living with HIV (YLWH). Now more than ever, innovative task-shifting interventions, through which non-mental health professionals provide mental health support to YLWH, need to be explored and supported. While many of these have considered shifting tasks to nurses, tapping into the wisdom and inspiration from artists in the community where YLWH are living could represent a novel and potentially powerful task-shifting strategy.

An Observational Study to Determine the Prevalence of COVID-19 Among Hospitalized Patients With Multidrug-Resistant Enterobacterales Infections and Clinical Outcomes, 10 US Sites, 2020--2022.

Background: We investigated hospitalized carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) and extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacterales (ESBL-E) cases with and without COVID-19, as identified through Emerging Infections Program surveillance in 10 sites from 2020 to 2022.

Methods: We defined a CRE case as the first isolation of , complex, , , , or resistant to any carbapenem. We defined an ESBL-E case as the first isolation of , , or resistant to any third-generation cephalosporin and nonresistant to all carbapenems tested.

Determination of Priorities for Lung Transplant Education for Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Fellows.

Background: In the United States, a growing number of lung transplants are performed each year, necessitating an increased number of general and transplant pulmonologists skilled in the care of these complex patients. However, pulmonary and critical care medicine (PCCM) fellowships across the country do not universally have dedicated lung transplantation curricula, and there is scarce literature in this area. We describe the generation of a content outline for curriculum development created through modified electronic Delphi methodology.

Moving toward Interprofessional Teaching in the Intensive Care Unit: A Mixed Methods Study.

Background: There is an evolving focus on interprofessional education (IPE) to promote teamwork and collaboration in health professions education. Studies in medical students have shown that exposure to IPE leads to perceived improvements in interprofessional communication, effective work in healthcare teams, and understanding of professional limitations. Most research focuses on IPE in undergraduate medical education; less is known about how this functions in graduate medical education.

Ethics of Writing Personal Statements and Letters of Recommendations with Large Language Models.

Large language models are becoming ubiquitous in the editing and generation of written content and are actively being explored for their use in medical education. The use of artificial intelligence (AI) engines to generate content in academic spaces is controversial and has been meet with swift responses and guidance from academic journals and publishers regarding the appropriate use or disclosure of use of AI engines in professional writing. To date, there is no guidance to applicants of graduate medical education programs in using AI engines to generate application content-primarily personal statements and letters of recommendation.

The Effect of Sensory Reweighting on Postural Control and Cortical Activity in Parkinson's Disease: A Pilot Study.

Objective: To investigate the effects of sensory reweighting on postural control and cortical activity in individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD) compared to age-matched controls using a virtual reality sensory organization test (VR-SOT).

Design: Cross-sectional pilot study.

Setting: University research laboratory.

Pediatric Advance Care Planning and Adolescent Preparedness and Quality of Life: An RCT.

Background And Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of Family-Centered Advance Care Planning for Teens With Cancer (FACE-TC) on adolescents' quality of life.

Methods: A clinical trial randomized adolescent-family dyads at a 2:1 ratio to either FACE-TC or control. FACE-TC dyads received 3 weekly 60-minute sessions: Lyon Pediatric Advance Care Planning Survey; Next Steps: Respecting Choices; and Five Wishes.

White matter hyperintensities and TDP-43 pathology in Alzheimer's disease.

Introduction: Greater white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are seen with transactive response DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) pathology in frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD-TDP). WMH associations with TDP-43 pathology in Alzheimer's disease (AD-TDP) remain unclear.

Methods: A total of 157 participants from Mayo Clinic Rochester with autopsy-confirmed AD, known TDP-43 status, and antemortem fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) MRI were included.

Dyslipidemia Impacts Cardiometabolic Health and CVD Risk in a Relatively Young Otherwise Healthy Population.

Dyslipidemia, abnormal levels of lipids in the bloodstream, is associated with cardiovascular disease risk (CVD). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of dyslipidemia on cardiometabolic health in relatively young, healthy adults. Participants were 54 healthy males and females aged 18-60 years.

Eligibility Criteria of Randomized Clinical Trials in Critical Care Medicine.

Importance: Eligibility criteria for randomized clinical trials (RCTs) are designed to select clinically relevant patient populations. However, not all eligibility criteria are strongly justified, potentially excluding marginalized groups, and limiting the generalizability of trial findings.

Objective: To summarize and evaluate the justification of exclusion criteria in published RCTs in critical care medicine.