High Molecular-Weight Organics as Precursors for Toxic Iodinated Disinfection Byproducts during Chloramination.

Iodinated DBPs (I-DBPs), many more toxic than regulated chlorinated and/or brominated DBPs, are a major challenge in the supply of safe drinking water. While over 800 DBPs have been identified, the occurrence and precursors of toxic I-DBPs remain poorly understood. Herein, natural organic matter from two raw drinking waters was fractionated using ultrafiltration membranes into different groups based on molecular weight (MW).

Morphological variation of Ficus johannis subsp. afghanistanica (Warb.) Browicz in Sistan-va-Baluchestan province, Iran.

Background: Ficus johannis subsp. afghanistanica (Warb.) Browicz is an important plant species belonging to the Moraceae family and is part of the Ficus genus.

Historical record of trace elements since MIS 2 in a sediment core of Laizhou Bay, China.

The concentration of trace elements in sediments is a critical element in the quality of nearshore environments. Geochemical background values are the normal concentrations of trace elements in the natural environment, and the use of different background values has resulted in different evaluations. Trace element (Cu, Pb, Zn, Cr, Cd, As, and Hg) concentration profiles along a sediment core were investigated to obtain background values and to assess the depositional processes and contamination levels in Laizhou Bay.

Shanxi province food security evaluation research.

Food security is the foundation of national security, which is related to economic development and social stability. Shanxi Province, as China's grain production and marketing balance area, has rich agricultural resources and profound farming civilization, its food security situation is not only related to its own economic development, but also has a strategic position that can not be ignored in the national food security system. Based on the concept and goal of the development of food security in Shanxi Province, from the five aspects of quantity security, economic security, policy security, resource sustainability and ecological sustainability, this paper constructs the evaluation index system of food security in Shanxi Province, including the fluctuation rate of grain production and the sown area of grain, and establishes the entropy TOPSIS model to evaluate the development level of food security in Shanxi Province.

Experimental research on the structural optimization of grouting holes in circular and rectangular pipe sections for trenchless pipe jacking.

In trenchless pipe jacking engineering practice, the formation of high-quality slurry jacket on the outer wall of pipe section is the key to effectively reducing the pipe-soil frictional resistance, improving the construction efficiency, reducing the construction risk and ensuring the construction safety. Herein, the multifunctional experimental apparatus for the pipe-soil frictional resistance testing is improved to ensure the smooth implementation of the subsequent experimental research. The influences of the structural parameters of grouting holes in circular and rectangular pipe sections on the pipe-soil frictional resistance and the states of slurry jackets around the various pipe sections are investigated respectively based on orthogonal experiment.

The P-type ATPase gene AHA5 is involved in proanthocyanidins accumulation in Medicago truncatula.

Proanthocyanidins (PAs) are the second most abundant plant phenolic natural products. The proton membrane H-ATPase (AHA) is required for PA transportation in vacuoles, but it remains unclear which AHA gene(s) encode tonoplast proton pump in M. truncatula.

The significant role of vegetation activity in regulating wetland methane emission in China.

Accurate quantifying of methane (CH) emissions is a critical aspect of current research on regional carbon budgets. However, due to limitations in observational data, research methodologies, and an incomplete understanding of process mechanisms, significant uncertainties persist in the assessment of wetland CH fluxes in China. In this study, we developed a machine learning model by integrating measured CH fluxes with related environmental data to produce a high-resolution (1 km) dataset of CH fluxes from China's wetlands for the period 2000-2020.

sp. nov., isolated from the surface seawater of the Bering Sea and Chukchi Sea and emended description of the genus .

Two Gram-stain-negative, motile, non-spore-forming, aerobic or facultative anaerobic and short rod-shaped bacterial strains, 25B02-3 and BH-R2-4, were isolated from surface seawater collected from the Bering Sea and Chukchi Sea, respectively. The 16S rRNA gene sequences of the two strains were identical. The phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that they were related to the genus and shared 99.

Development of smart packaging halochromic films embedded with anthocyanin pigments; recent advances.

Nowadays, innovative biodegradable packaging based on pH-sensitive natural dyes is being developed. These smart systems quickly inform the food quality to the consumer and monitor fresh foods in real-time. Smart packaging protects food against ambiance risks and simultaneously sends information to users for variations and alterations in the packaging settings.

Corrigendum/Erratum to "Spatio-temporal differentiation characteristics of coal mine safety levels in China based on spatial spillover effects".

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.

Key bacteria decomposing animal and plant detritus in deep sea revealed via long-term incubation in different oceanic areas.

Transport of organic matter (OM) occurs widely in the form of animal and plant detritus in global oceans, playing a crucial role in global carbon cycling. While wood- and whale-falls have been extensively studied, the process of OM remineralization by microorganisms remains poorly understood particularly in pelagic regions on a global scale. Here, enrichment experiments with animal tissue or plant detritus were carried out in three deep seas for 4-12 months using the deep-sea incubators.

Rational Design of NIR-II Fluorescence/Photoacoustic Nanosensor Tailored for Mechanisms of Diabetes-Related Breast Cancer.

Breast cancer (BC) is the second most common cause of cancer induced death worldwide. Current statistics has disclosed that the diabetic BC patients have significantly worse survival rate compared with nondiabetic BC patients. However, the specific mechanism is still being explored.

Plasma-Liquid-Induced Synthesis of Scandium-Metalloporphyrin Frameworks for Boosted Sensing and Photosensitization.

Inserting metal ions into the porphyrin ring is one of the primary strategies to enhance the properties of porphyrin-based metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). However, the straightforward, rapid, and energy-efficient synthesis of porphyrin-based MOFs with high metallization for the porphyrin ring remains challenging. Herein, a solution anode glow discharge (SAGD) microplasma is presented for the one-step synthesis of scandium-metalloporphyrin frameworks (ScMPFs).

Comparative transcriptome analysis identified genes involved in testicular development in Takifugu rubripes.

To identify candidate genes and pathways involved in testicular development in Takifugu rubripes, a comparative transcription analysis was conducted across the various developmental stages of the testis (stages II to V). A total of 9520 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified among the different stages, and they were significantly clustered into six clusters (P < 0.05).

Ginsenoside Rg1: A bioactive therapeutic agent for diverse liver diseases.

Diverse liver diseases are characterised by late diagnosis and rapid progression and have become one of the major threats to human health. To delay the transition from benign tissue lesions to a substantial organ injury, scientists have gradually applied natural compounds derived from plants as a complementary therapy in the field of hepatology. Ginseng (Panax ginseng C.

Nuclear receptor PPARγ targets GPNMB to promote oligodendrocyte development and remyelination.

Myelin injury occurs in brain ageing and in several neurological diseases. Failure of spontaneous remyelination is attributable to insufficient differentiation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) into mature myelin-forming oligodendrocytes in CNS demyelinated lesions. Emerging evidence suggests that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) is the master gatekeeper of CNS injury and repair and plays an important regulatory role in various neurodegenerative diseases.

Navigating water security: A sustainability evaluation in basin socio-ecological systems. The Grande River basin case study, Antioquia-Colombia.

Socio-ecological sustainability arises from interactions between natural and social systems. Sustainability in water security means effectively managing water resources to continuously achieve social goals without surpassing ecological limits to maintain or enhance ecological integrity and social well-being. Despite efforts to measure sustainability focused on water security, challenges remain, such as selecting indicators that capture socio-ecological dynamics and defining appropriate aggregation methods.

Catalytic degradation of organic pollutants in aqueous systems: A comprehensive review of peroxyacetic acid-based advanced oxidation processes.

Peroxyacetic acid (PAA)-based advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) have emerged as a promising treatment method to decontaminate organic pollutants. This review thoroughly evaluated the use of PAA-based AOPs, including their synthesis techniques, physicochemical features, and reaction pathways with pollutants. It also illustrated two primary channels: free radical pathways and non-radical pathways during the PAA activation processes and introduced various methods for activating PAA, including energy radiation, transition metal catalysis, and carbon catalysis.

Effects of storage durations on flavour and bacterial communities in Liupao tea.

Long-term storage of Liupao tea is conducive to improving its flavour and commercial value. Although bacterial communities influence Liupao tea flavour, their impact during storage remains unclear. The aroma compounds and bacterial communities were determined by headspace solid-phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS) and Illumina Nova6000 analysis.

Fibrous membranes of poly(ethylene oxide)/Sesbania gum oxide/ε-poly(lysine): An influence on its structure.

Hydrogen peroxide (HO) was used to modify a natural polymer, sesbania gum (SG), to prepare oxidized sesbania gum (OSG) with the aim of investigating the physicochemical properties, antimicrobial activity of polyethylene oxide (PEO), OSG, and ε-poly(lysine) (ε-PL) composite fibre membranes and their applications in fresh-cut mango preservation. The PEO/OSG/ε-PL composite fibre membranes were successfully prepared via solution blow spinning (SBS) technology. The results of a series of characterizations revealed that ε-PL was successfully loaded into the fibrous membranes, exhibited good biocompatibility, and ε-PL was better encapsulated, with the membranes.

Will vegetation restoration affect the supply-demand relationship of water yield in an arid and semi-arid watershed?

Natural processes, combined with human activities, determine the inherent quality of regional water supply and demand. However, the interaction between artificial vegetation restoration and water supply-demand dynamics remains insufficiently understood, particularly in arid and semi-arid regions. This study focuses on the Jinghe River Basin (JRB) in the central Loess Plateau, aiming to investigate the changes in supply and demand of ecosystem water yield services and analyze factors affecting the water supply-demand relationship during the vegetation restoration, using the InVEST model, scenario analysis, and the Geodetector.

Land Use Change Consistently Reduces α- But Not β- and γ-Diversity of Bees.

Land use change threatens global biodiversity and compromises ecosystem functions, including pollination and food production. Reduced taxonomic α-diversity is often reported under land use change, yet the impacts could be different at larger spatial scales (i.e.

Establishing bio-logging data collections as dynamic archives of animal life on Earth.

Rapid growth in bio-logging-the use of animal-borne electronic tags to document the movements, behaviour, physiology and environments of wildlife-offers opportunities to mitigate biodiversity threats and expand digital natural history archives. Here we present a vision to achieve such benefits by accounting for the heterogeneity inherent to bio-logging data and the concerns of those who collect and use them. First, we can enable data integration through standard vocabularies, transfer protocols and aggregation protocols, and drive their wide adoption.

Assessment of wetland ecological restoration effect based on fuzzy analytic hierarchy process: a case study of Tianjin Qilihai Wetland.

Scientific evaluation of the effectiveness of ecological restoration could provide support for sustainable management and protection of wetlands. However, due to the multiple and difficult to quantify factors affecting wetlands, commonly used spatiotemporal evaluation methods were difficult to scientifically reflect the actual effectiveness of ecological restoration. This paper took Tianjin Qilihai Wetland, a representative wetland in northern China, as the research object.

Estimating forest aboveground carbon sink based on landsat time series and its response to climate change.

Accurately estimating forest carbon sink and exploring their climate-driven mechanisms are critical to achieving carbon neutrality and sustainable development. Fewer studies have used machine learning-based dynamic models to estimate forest carbon sink. The climate-driven mechanisms in Shangri-La have yet to be explored.