Exploring the Underlying Mechanism of Weiling Decoction Alleviates Cold-Dampness Diarrhea Based on Network Pharmacology, Transcriptomics, Molecular Docking and Experimental Validation.

: Cold-dampness diarrhea (CDD) is a common gastrointestinal disorder in children, characterized by diarrhea and intestinal barrier dysfunction. Weiling decoction (WLD) is frequently used in clinical practice to treat CDD, a condition triggered by multiple factors. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying its therapeutic effects remain poorly understood.

Ceftazidime-Avibactam Versus Colistin for the Treatment of Multidrug-Resistant Infections: A Multicenter Cohort Study.

To evaluate the real-world evidence of ceftazidime-avibactam (CAZ-AVI) compared to intravenous colistin for the treatment of multidrug-resistant (MDR) infections. This is a multicenter, retrospective cohort study conducted in the period between 2017 and 2023 at five institutions for patients who received either CAZ-AVI or colistin-based regimens for treating MDR infections. Outcomes were compared using multivariate logistic regression analysis.

Lucidin from Outperforms FDA-Approved Lapatinib as a Potential Multitargeted Candidate for Breast Cancer Signalling Proteins.

Breast cancer remains a significant global health concern, with approximately 2.3 million diagnosed cases and 670,000 deaths annually. Current targeted therapies face challenges such as resistance and adverse side effects.

Therapeutic Potential of (L.) . Leaf Extract in Modulating Gut Microbiota and Immune Response for the Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a persistent inflammatory condition affecting the gastrointestinal tract, distinguished by the impairment of the intestinal epithelial barrier, dysregulation of the gut microbiota, and abnormal immune responses. (L.) , traditionally used in Chinese herbal medicine for gastrointestinal issues such as bleeding and dysentery, has garnered attention for its potential therapeutic benefits.

Development of Ketoprofen Impurity A (1-(3-Benzoylphenyl)ethanone) as a Certified Reference Material for Pharmaceutical Quality Control.

: Reference materials are essential for ensuring the accuracy and traceability of measurements in the quality control of medicinal products. This study explores new principles for the preparation of impure materials of active pharmaceutical substances, focusing on 1-(3-benzoylphenyl)ethanone ketoprofen impurity A () as the reference material. : The reference material was synthesised from commercially available acetanilide and benzoyl chloride.

Evaluation of the Antioxidant Properties and Biological Effects of a Novel Combined Barberry Root-Propolis Extract on HEK293T Cells.

The health benefits of honeybee products and herbs are well known, and their appropriate combination may enhance their biological efficacy. This study investigated the biological properties of a combined barberry root and propolis extract (PBE) in comparison to a propolis extract (PE), a barberry root extract (BE), and pure berberine (BN). The antioxidant properties were evaluated using DPPH and FRAP methods and total phenolic contents (TPC) were assessed by the Folin-Ciocalteu method.

Seroprevalence of , , , , , , and in Human Population from Eastern Poland.

The epidemiological situation related to infectious diseases is influenced by many factors. To monitor actual trends in selected zoonoses, a total of 473 serum samples from farmers, forestry workers, and veterinarians were collected for serological examination. Anti- sensu lato (s.

The Role of Pathogens in Bumblebee Decline: A Review.

Bumblebees, the most important wild pollinators in both agricultural and natural ecosystems, are declining worldwide. The global decline of bumblebees may threaten biodiversity, pollination services, and, ultimately, agricultural productivity. Several factors, including pesticide usage, climate change, habitat loss, and species invasion, have been documented in the decline of bumblebee species, but recent studies have revealed the dominating role of pathogens and parasites over any of these causes.

Epidemiological Analysis of Fungal Infection Disease in Pediatric Population: Focus on Hospitalization from 2007 to 2022 in Veneto Region in Italy.

Fungal infections (FIs) are widespread globally, affecting both immunocompromised and immunocompetent children, with varying clinical implications based on age and comorbidities. In immunocompromised children, particularly those with hematologic oncological conditions, FI leads to substantially longer hospital stays and increased in-hospital mortality, with reported rates ranging from 15% to 20%. Our study aims to analyze the epidemiological trends of fungal infections in the pediatric population within a specific region of Italy.

Inverted Patterns of Schistosomiasis and Fascioliasis and Risk Factors Among Humans and Livestock in Northern Tanzania.

Fascioliasis and schistosomiasis are parasitic trematodiases of public health and economic concern in humans and livestock. However, data on the distribution and risk factors for fascioliasis remain limited, while epidemiological gaps hinder schistosomiasis control in Tanzania. This One Health, cross-sectional study examined the prevalence and risk factors of schistomiasis and fascioliasis in northern Tanzania, involving 310 livestock and 317 human participants from Arusha, Kilimanjaro, and Manyara regions.

Pneumonia Severity Is Associated with Taxonomic Shifts in the Respiratory Microbiota.

Pneumonia caused by infection (PCP) is a potentially life-threatening illness, particularly affecting the immunocompromised. The past two decades have shown an increase in PCP incidence; however, the underlying factors that promote disease severity and fatality have yet to be fully elucidated. Recent evidence suggests that the microbiota of the respiratory tract may play a role in stimulating or repressing pulmonary inflammation, as well as the progression of both bacterial and viral pneumonia.

Clinical Characteristics, Laboratory Parameters, and Molecular Epidemiology of Neuroinvasive Flavivirus Infections in a Hotspot Region of Eastern Croatia.

Neuroinvasive flaviviruses such as tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) and West Nile virus (WNV) are widely distributed in continental Croatian regions. We analyzed clinical characteristics, laboratory parameters, and molecular epidemiology of neuroinvasive flavivirus infections in eastern Croatia. A total of 43 patients with confirmed flavivirus infection hospitalized from 2017 to 2023 were included in the study.

Species in Dromedary Camels () and Ruminants from Somalia.

Ehrlichioses, caused by species, are tick-borne diseases (TBDs) that affect animals and humans worldwide. This study aimed to investigate the molecular occurrence of spp. in 530 animals (155 Dromedary camels, 199 goats, 131 cattle, and 45 sheep) in the Benadir and Lower Shabelle regions of Somalia.

HIV Drug Resistance Profile in Clients Experiencing Treatment Failure After the Transition to a Dolutegravir-Based First-Line Antiretroviral Treatment Regimen in Mozambique.

Real-world data on HIV drug resistance (HIVDR) after transitioning to tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/lamivudine/dolutegravir (TLD) are limited. We assessed HIVDR rates and patterns in clients with virological failure (VF) after switching from an NNRTI-based regimen to TLD. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Gaza, Mozambique (August 2021-February 2022), including adults on first-line ART for ≥12 months who transitioned to TLD and had unsuppressed viral load (VL) ≥ 1000 copies/mL six months post-transition.

Identification of Potential Vectors and Detection of Rift Valley Fever Virus in Mosquitoes Collected Before and During the 2022 Outbreak in Rwanda.

Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) is an emerging mosquito-borne arbovirus of One Health importance that caused two large outbreaks in Rwanda in 2018 and 2022. Information on vector species with a role in RVFV eco-epidemiology in Rwanda is scarce. Here we sought to identify potential mosquito vectors of RVFV in Rwanda, their distribution and abundance, as well as their infection status.

Identification of Strains from Animal Cases in Ethiopia and Genetic Characterization by Whole-Genome Sequencing.

Anthrax is a zoonotic disease characterized by rapid onset with usual fatal outcomes in livestock and wildlife. In Ethiopia, anthrax is a persistent disease; however, there are limited data on the isolation and molecular characterization of strains. This study aimed to characterize isolated from animal anthrax outbreaks between 2019 and 2024, from different localities in Ethiopia.

Serological Diagnosis of Infection in Cetaceans by Rapid Serum Agglutination Test and Competitive ELISA with and as Antigens.

Rose Bengal antigen and smooth lipopolysaccharide (s-LPS) were produced from a field strain of ("homologous" antigens) and from the reference strain S99 ("heterologous" antigens); they are currently used for the diagnosis of brucellosis in cattle, water buffaloes, sheep, goats, and pigs, as recommended in the Manual of Diagnostic Tests and Vaccines for Terrestrial Animals of the World Organization for Animal Health (WOAH). "Homologous" and "heterologous" antigens were used in a rapid serum agglutination test (Rose Bengal test, RBT) and a competitive ELISA assay (c-ELISA) to test a panel of sera, blood, and other body fluids (cerebrospinal fluid, pericardial fluid, tracheal fluid, and aqueous humor) collected from 71 individuals belonging to five cetacean species (; ; ; ; and ), which were found stranded on the Italian coastline. Six animals were positive for spp.

The Prevalence of Enteric Viruses in Bivalve Molluscs in a Farming Area in Liguria, Northwest Italy.

Bivalve molluscs are filter-feeding organisms, capable of concentrating pathogenic microorganisms from the surrounding environment, thus contributing to the spread of viral pathogens, which they can transmit to humans, especially if eaten raw or undercooked. Although norovirus (NoV) and the hepatitis A virus (HAV) are considered the most common causes of foodborne infections, in recent years, other viruses with a zoonotic potential have been identified in shellfish, such as the hepatitis E virus (HEV), astrovirus (AsV), and aichi virus (AiV). The aim of the study was to investigate the presence of classical and emerging pathogenic enteric viruses in oysters () and mussels () from a mollusc farming area in the northwest of Italy, between April 2022 and March 2023.

Ticks and Tick-Borne Pathogens in Wild Animals and Birds from Two Rehabilitation Facilities in Greece.

Ticks are temporary ectoparasites that serve as vectors for a wide range of pathogens affecting both wildlife and humans. In Greece, research on the prevalence of tick-borne pathogens in wildlife is limited. This study investigates the presence of pathogens, including spp.

Diversity and Multiple Infections of in Red Deer and Deer Keds.

Bartonellae are zoonotic pathogens with a broad range of reservoir hosts and vectors. To examine sylvatic reservoirs, tissue samples of red deer (, = 114) and their associated deer keds (, = 50; , = 272) collected in the Czech Republic were tested for the presence of using PCR at four loci (, , , ITS); PCR sensitivity was increased significantly by using primers modified for the detection of wildlife-associated bartonellae. One-third of the deer and 70% of the deer keds were positive; within the tested animal tissues, usually the spleen was positive.

Tiny Machine Learning Implementation for Guided Wave-Based Damage Localization.

This work leverages ultrasonic guided waves (UGWs) to detect and localize damage in structures using lightweight Artificial Intelligence (AI) models. It investigates the use of machine learning (ML) to train the effects of the damage on UGWs to the model. To reduce the number of trainable parameters, a physical signal processing approach is applied to the raw data before passing the data to the model.

Developing a Health Support System to Promote Care for the Elderly.

In light of the demographic shift towards an aging population, there is an increasing prevalence of dementia among the elderly. The negative impact on mental health is preventing individuals from taking proper care of themselves. For individuals requiring hospital care, those receiving home care, or as a precaution for a specific individual, it is advantageous to utilize monitoring equipment to track their biological parameters on an ongoing basis.

Trends of Soil and Solution Nutrient Sensing for Open Field and Hydroponic Cultivation in Facilitated Smart Agriculture.

Efficient management of soil nutrients is essential for optimizing crop production, ensuring sustainable agricultural practices, and addressing the challenges posed by population growth and environmental degradation. Smart agriculture, using advanced technologies, plays an important role in achieving these goals by enabling real-time monitoring and precision management of nutrients. In open-field soil cultivation, spatial variability in soil properties demands site-specific nutrient management and integration with variable-rate technology (VRT) to optimize fertilizer application, reduce nutrient losses, and enhance crop yields.

IMU Sensor-Based Worker Behavior Recognition and Construction of a Cyber-Physical System Environment.

According to South Korea's Ministry of Employment and Labor, approximately 25,000 construction workers suffered from various injuries between 2015 and 2019. Additionally, about 500 fatalities occur annually, and multiple studies are being conducted to prevent these accidents and quickly identify their occurrence to secure the golden time for the injured. Recently, AI-based video analysis systems for detecting safety accidents have been introduced.

Passive Monitoring of Parkinson Tremor in Daily Life: A Prototypical Network Approach.

Objective and continuous monitoring of Parkinson's disease (PD) tremor in free-living conditions could benefit both individual patient care and clinical trials, by overcoming the snapshot nature of clinical assessments. To enable robust detection of tremor in the context of limited amounts of labeled training data, we propose to use prototypical networks, which can embed domain expertise about the heterogeneous tremor and non-tremor sub-classes. We evaluated our approach using data from the Parkinson@Home Validation study, including 8 PD patients with tremor, 16 PD patients without tremor, and 24 age-matched controls.