potently inhibits the activity of SARS-CoV-2 3CL protease.

The ongoing coronavirus infectious disease (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) still urgently requires effective treatments. The 3C-like (3CL) protease of SARS-CoV-2 is a highly conserved cysteine protease that plays an important role in the viral life cycle and host inflammation, providing an ideal target for developing broad-spectrum antiviral drugs. Herein, we describe the discovery of a large number of herbs mainly produced in Heilongjiang Province, China, that exhibited different inhibitory activities against SARS-CoV-2 3CL protease.

Integrated Chinese herbal medicine with Western Medicine versus Western Medicine in the effectiveness of primary hypertension treatment: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Integrated Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) and Western Medicine (WM) treatments have been used for primary hypertension (PHTN) patients in China. Currently, there are many randomized control trials (RCTs) published regarding the effect of CHM and WM on PHTN, which indicated that combining Chinese with WM was effective and safe for PHTN when compared with WM alone, but the quality of evidence was insufficient, and there is no clear information and summary are available for these RCTs assessing the effectiveness of CHM with WM versus WM in patients with PHTN.

Objectives: This systematic study and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of CHM combined with WM in comparison with WM in reducing systolic and diastolic blood pressure for patients with PHTN.

Antipharyngitis Effects of L. Ethanolic Extract in Acute Pharyngitis Rat Model and Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Ir-Idoids in LPS-Induced RAW 264.7 Cells.

Acute pharyngitis is an inflammation of the pharyngeal mucous membrane and submucous lymphoid tissues. Unsatisfactory treatment and repeated occurrences might cause chronic pharyngitis and other complications. L.

Seven undescribed steroids from the leaves of Datura metel L.

Extraction of Datura metel L. leaves with ethanol as a solvent gave a group of steroids, including two unique 1,10-seco-withanolides (1, 4), an unusual nitrogen-containing withanolides (2), one undescribed saponin (3), two withanolides with a carbohydrate (5, 6), and one C steroid (7). These compounds' structures were identified based on HR-ESI-MS and H, C NMR data analyses, also compared with data from the document.

New flavonoids from the aerial part of Bupleurum chinense DC.

Four new flavonoids (1-4) and fourteen known compounds (5-18), were isolated from the aerial part of Bupleurum chinense DC. The structural determination of the new flavonoids was accomplished using comprehensive spectroscopic methods, including 1D and 2D NMR spectra with references to the literatures, as well as high-resolution mass spectrometric analysis. The anti-proliferative activities of the flavonoids (1-18) against HeLa cells were evaluated using the MTT assay with cisplatin as the positive control.

Chemical constituent from the roots of L. and their potential anti-inflammatory activity.

Three new compounds (), were isolated from the ethanol extract of the roots of L., together with twenty-seven knowns (). On basis of their 1 D and 2 D NMR data, the chemical structures of islated compounds were elucidated combined with HR-MS and the relative values in literatures.

Seven new glycosides from the leaves of L.

Seven new glycosides () and seventeen known analogues () were isolated from the leaves of L. The structures of these compounds were all elucidated by detailed spectroscopic analyses and comparison with literature values. All isolates were evaluated for cytotoxicity against Hela, MGC-803, Ishikawa cell lines and compounds and exhibited different degrees of antiproliferative effects.

Spleen and thymus metabolomics strategy to explore the immunoregulatory mechanism of total withanolides from the leaves of Datura metel L. on imiquimod-induced psoriatic skin dermatitis in mice.

Our previous work demonstrated that total withanolides of Datura metel L. leaves (TWD) exhibited excellent therapeutic effects on psoriasis. However, current knowledge of its mechanisms is incomplete.

Integrated serum metabolomics and network pharmacology approach to reveal the potential mechanisms of withanolides from the leaves of Datura metel L. on psoriasis.

Psoriasis is a chronic, immune-mediated inflammatory skin disease and highly depends on inflammation and angiogenesis as well as other pathways. Our previous study showed that the withanolides from the leaves of Datura metel L. exhibited significant therapeutically effect on psoriasis, but the mechanisms concerning this effect have not been systematically studied.

Anti-inflammatory sesquiterpenoids from the leaves of Datura metel L.

Nine new (1-9) and three known (10-12) sesquiterpenoids were isolated from the ethanol-water (7:3, v/v) extract of the Datura metel L. leaves. The structures of 1-9 were elucidated by detailed spectroscopic analyses, including 1D and 2D NMR, HR-ESI-MS.

Daturmetesides A-E, five new ergostane-type C sterols from the leaves of Datura metel L.

Five undescribed ergostane-type C sterols, daturmetesides A-E (1-5), were isolated from the leaves of Datura metel L. The chemical structures of these new compounds were characterized through extensive spectroscopic analysis and comparison with literatures. Among them, the absolute structures of daturmetesides A and C were unambiguously determined by X-ray crystallography.

Two new alkaloids from the sepals of L.

Two new alkaloids named Melongenamides H-I (-), together with twenty-one known compounds (-), were isolated from the 70% ethanol extract of the sepals of L. The structures of all isolated compounds were determined by 1D and 2D NMR spectra and by comparing their spectroscopic and physical data with values from the published literatures. All the isolated compounds were evaluated the cytotoxicity against three human canner lines (Hela, Ishikawa and MGC-803) by CCK8 assay.

New withanolides with anti-inflammatory activity from the leaves of Datura metel L.

Twenty three undescribed withanolides, daturmetelides A-W (1-23), were isolated from 70% EtOH extract of the leaves of Datura metel L. The structural characterizations and relative configurations of 1-23 were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis as well as by comparison with literature values. The absolute configurations of 1 and 3 were determined by X-ray crystallography.

Melongenaterpenes A-L, Vetispirane-Type Sesquiterpenoids from the Roots of .

Melongenaterpenes A-L (-), 12 new sesquiterpenoids with rare spiro[4.5]decane skeletons, were isolated from the roots of . Their 2D structures and relative configurations were determined based on NMR and HRESIMS data.

L. Ameliorates Imiquimod-Induced Psoriasis-Like Dermatitis and Inhibits Inflammatory Cytokines Production through TLR7/8-MyD88-NF-κB-NLRP3 Inflammasome Pathway.

Background: Psoriasis is a chronic, immune-mediated inflammatory skin disease, and the inflammatory response plays an important role in its development and progression. L. is a traditional Chinese medicine that exhibited a significant therapeutic effect on psoriasis in our previous study due to its remarkable anti-inflammatory effect.

Proteomics Research on the Protective Effect of Mangiferin on H9C2 Cell Injury Induced by HO.

Cardiovascular disease is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Mangiferin is a natural glucosylxanthone with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, which has been confirmed to protect cardiac cells from myocardial infarction and myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury (MIRI); however, the underlying mechanism is still unclear. As oxidative stress is a major pathogenesis of MIRI, an H9C2 cell injury induced by hydrogen peroxide (HO) was established to simulate MIRI in vitro.

New sesquiterpenoids from the stems of Datura metel L.

Four new sesquiterpenoids (1-4) and two known ones (5-6) were isolated and identified from the stems of Datura metel L. The structures of the isolated compounds were established by 1D and 2D NMR spectra, as well as HR-ESI-MS. Additionally, the compounds 1-3 possessed the similar novel skelecton and compounds 5-6 were isolated from the Datura genus for the first time.

Aromatic monoterpenoid glycosides from rattan stems of Schisandra chinensis and their neuroprotective activities.

Six new monoterpenoid glycosides, including thymoquinol 5-O-α-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1 → 6)-β-D-glucopyranoside (1), cuminic acid 7-O-α-D-arabinofuranosyl-(1 → 6)-β-d-glucopyranosyl ester (2), p-cymene 7-O-α-D-arabinofuranosyl-(1 → 6)-β-D-glucopyranoside (3), p-methylhyd- ratropic acid 9-O-α-D-arabinofuranosyl-(1 → 6)-β-d-glucopyranosyl ester (4), (R)-p-cymene 9-O-α- D-arabinofuranosyl-(1 → 6)-β-D-glucopyranoside (5), and (R)-p-cymene 9-O-β-D-apiofuranosyl-(1 → 6)-β-D-glucopyranoside (6), together with three known compounds, such as (R)-p-cymene 9-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (7), thymoquinol 5-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (8), and thymoquinol 2-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (9) were isolated from the 70%-EtOH extract of Schisandra chinensis rattan stems. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by detailed spectroscopic analyses. Meanwhile, the neuroprotective activities of compounds 1-9 were evaluated on the two co-culture models of microglia and neurons cells and astrocytoma and neurons cells.

Terpenes and lignans from the roots of L.

Phytochemical investigation of the roots of L. resulted in the isolation of ten terpenes and sixteen lignans, including a new triterpene saponin, officinoterpenoside E () and twenty-five known compounds (). All compounds were firstly isolated from except , , , .

Oxymatrine attenuates amyloid beta 42 (Aβ)-induced neurotoxicity in primary neuronal cells and memory impairment in rats.

Amyloid beta 42 (Aβ)-induced oxidative stress causes the death of neuronal cells and is involved in the development of Alzheimer's disease. Oxymatrine (OMT) inhibits oxidative stress. In this study, we investigated the effect of OMT on Aβ-induced neurotoxicity in vivo and in vitro.

Withanolides from the leaves of Datura metel L.

Twelve previously undescribed withanolides, including three uncommon chemotypes of aglycones, daturafolisides (J-L), and six common structures, daturafolisides (M-U), as well as one known withanolide were isolated from the leaves of Datura metel L. Their structures were elucidated by interpretation of spectroscopic data (1D, 2D NMR and CD), HRESIMS experiments and comparison with published data for similar compounds. These isolated compounds were evaluated for their inhibitory activities on nitric oxide production.

Effects of Lignans from Schisandra chinensis Rattan Stems against Aβ-Induced Memory Impairment in Rats and Neurotoxicity in Primary Neuronal Cells.

Oxidative stress, which is caused by Amyloid-β deposition in brain, plays an important role in Alzheimer's disease. In this study, we found that lignans from rattan stems (rsSCH-L) could reduce the escape latency and the distance travelled by the Aβ injected rats while the crossing platform time was enhanced in the Morris water maze test. Further research demonstrated that lignans from rsSCH-L attenuated Aβ-induced neuronal cell injury by increasing the content of SOD and GSH-Px and decreasing the levels of LDH, ROS, and MDA.

Four New Glycosides from the Rhizoma of Anemarrhena asphodeloides.

Four new compounds, aneglycoside A-C (-) and timosaponin U (), were isolated from the rhizomes of . Their structures were determined through extensive spectroscopic analysis, chemical characteristics, and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). All the isolations were evaluated for cytotoxicity against HepG2, Hela, and SGC7901 human cancer lines.

New anti-inflammatory withanolides from the leaves of Datura metel L.

Nine new withanolides, named daturafolisides A-I (1-9), along with six known compounds (22R)-27-hydroxy-7α-methoxy-1-oxowitha-3,5,24-trienolide-27-O-β-d-glucopyranoside, daturataturin A, daturametelin J, daturataurin B, baimantuoluoside B, 12-deoxywithastramonolide (10-15), were isolated from the leaves of Datura metel L. The structures and absolute stereochemistry of these compounds were elucidated by means of spectroscopic methods including 1D and 2D NMR techniques, mass spectrometry and circular dichroism (CD) analyses. All isolates were evaluated for in vitro anti-inflammatory potential using LPS-stimulated RAW 264.