Proton-Transfer Dynamics Regulates CO Electroreduction Products via Hydrogen Coverage.

Electrochemical conversion of CO to hydrocarbons is a promising approach to carbon neutrality and energy storage. The formation of reaction intermediates involves crucial steps of proton transfer, making it essential to understand the role of protons in the electrochemical process to control the product selectivity and elucidate the underlying catalytic reaction mechanism of the CO electrochemical reduction (CORR). In this work, we proposed a strategy to regulate product selectivities by tuning local proton transport rates through a surface resin layer over cuprous oxides.

Hydrophilic Ethylene Glycol Fragments: A Determinant Affecting the Therapeutic Index of Paclitaxel Prodrug Nanoassemblies.

Prodrug-based nanoassemblies are promising platforms for cancer therapy. Prodrugs typically consist of three main components: drug modules, intelligent response modules, and modification modules. However, the available modification modules are usually hydrophobic aliphatic side chains, which affect the activation efficiency of the prodrugs.

Muscle Biopsy Sample Preparation and Proteomics Analysis Based on UHPLC-MS/MS.

Proteomics analysis is crucial for understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying muscle adaptations to different types of exercise, such as concentric and eccentric training. Traditional methods like two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and standard mass spectrometry have been used to analyze muscle protein content and modifications. This protocol details the preparation of muscle samples for proteomics analysis using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC).

The effect of right versus left long-term single-sided deafness on sound source localization.

Purpose: To analyze the effect of right versus left long-term single-sided deafness (SSD) on sound source localization (SSL), discuss the necessity of intervention and treatment for SSD patients, and analyze the therapeutic effect of long-term unilateral cochlear implantation (UCI) from the perspective of SSL.

Methods: This study included 25 patients with SSD, 11 patients with UCI, and 30 participants with normal hearing (NH). Their SSL ability was tested by obtaining their average root mean square (RMS) error values of SSL test.

Comparing saccades in Visually Enhanced Vestibular-Ocular Reflex and video head impulse test in vestibular assessment.

Objective: This study aimed to develop and evaluate a novel software tool for robust analysis of the Visually Enhanced Vestibular-Ocular Reflex (VVOR) and video head impulse test (vHIT) saccades.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 94 patients with Meniere's Disease (MD), unilateral vestibular hypofunction (UVH), and vestibular migraine (VM). The MATLAB-based VVOR Analysis System and Saccades All in One software were utilized for data processing.

Great diverse rhizobial community nodulating in the northeastern region of China.

Introduction: Bunge is an important medicinal legume species widely cultivated in northeastern China (NEC) and northwestern China (NWC) and can establish a symbiotic relationship with nitrogen-fixing rhizobial strains. However, there are limited reports comparing the genetic diversity, differentiation, and gene flow of rhizobial strains associated with this plant in different geographic regions.

Methods: We used multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA) to investigate the phylogeny and genetic diversity of rhizobia and to estimate their intra- and inter-regional gene flow and genetic differentiation based on the analysis of concatenated core genes (, , and ) and the critical symbiotic gene .

Language Dominance in Left-Handers: Unveiling Left Hemisphere Global Dominance With Specific Right Hemisphere Regional Dominance.

Introduction The degree to which each human brain hemisphere governs specific cognitive processes, such as language and handedness (the preference or dominance of one hand over the other), varies across individuals. Research has explored the nature of language laterality in left-handed (LH) individuals, indicating that left-hemisphere dominance for language is commonly observed across both left- and right-handed populations. Advanced imaging techniques, including functional transcranial Doppler sonography and fMRI, have revealed subtle differences in language lateralization between LH and right-handed (RH) individuals, particularly in semantic processing tasks.

Managing Early Childhood Caries: A Comparative Review of Preventive and Restorative Approaches.

Early childhood caries (ECC), one of the most common health problems among children aged six years and below, is considered present when one or more surfaces of a tooth are decayed, missing, or filled. Not only does ECC cause pain for a long time, but it also has short- and long-term health consequences in children. In order to treat ECC, holistic management that includes preventive, restorative, and prosthetic intervention is necessary.

The Prevalence and Severity of Computer Vision Syndrome Among Primary Care Health Workers in the Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Central Region, Saudi Arabia.

Background Computer vision syndrome (CVS) is a common condition affecting individuals who spend prolonged periods using electronic devices. It is characterized by symptoms such as eye strain, dryness, headaches, and neck pain. This study aims to assess the prevalence of CVS symptoms among healthcare professionals, their awareness of the condition, and the effectiveness of various preventative practices.

Sodium-dependent glucose transporter 2 inhibitors: Transforming diabetic cardiomyopathy management.

This article addresses the substantial findings of a study on sodium-dependent glucose transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) and their effects on myocardial function in patients with type 2 diabetes and asymptomatic heart failure. The editorial explores the broader implications of the study findings for clinical practice, thus highlighting the pivotal role of SGLT2is in improving cardiac function, reducing oxidative stress, and attenuating inflammation. It emphasizes the importance of early intervention with SGLT2is in preventing the progression of diabetic cardiomyopathy; hence, these inhibitors have the potential to transform the management of asymptomatic heart failure in patients with diabetes.

Self-Management of Kidney Transplant Recipients Research: A Comprehensive Bibliometric Analysis.

Objective: This study analyzes research trends in self-management among kidney transplant recipients to inform future directions.

Methods: Bibliometric analysis was performed on 444 English articles related to self-management of kidney transplant recipients in the Core Collection of Web of Science and Scopus databases using COOC 12.8, R software, Microsoft Excel 2019, VOSviewer, and CiteSpace, with a focus on citation ranking, publication year, journal, country, organization, author, impact factor, and keywords.

Immunogenicity of Short-Course, High-Dose Hepatitis B Vaccination in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease - Shanxi Province, China, 2019-2020.

What Is Already Known About This Topic?: As one of the populations at high risk of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) require rapid and effective development of hepatitis B surface antibodies (anti-HBs).

What Is Added By This Report?: The short-course, high-dose regimen of hepatitis B vaccination rapidly induced comparable immunological responses to the routine regimen, achieving a seroconversion rate of 88.5%, a high-response rate of 64.

Association between breakfast consumption frequency and handgrip strength and standing long jump: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background And Aims: Over the past decade, numerous studies investigating the relationship between breakfast consumption frequency and handgrip strength and standing long jump have produced conflicting evidence, leading to uncertainty regarding this association. This study aimed to provide further clarity on the relationship between breakfast consumption frequency and handgrip strength and standing long jump.

Methods: A comprehensive search of the literature up to September 15, 2023, was conducted on Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, MEDLINE, and CNKI.

The in vitro Activity of Omadacycline Alone and in Combination Against Carbapenem-Resistant .

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the in vitro activity of omadacycline (OMC) and OMC-based combination therapy against carbapenem-resistant (CRKP).

Methods: The broth microdilution assay assessed the in vitro susceptibility of CRKP to OMC. The checkerboard assay was performed to evaluate the activity of OMC combined with polymyxin B (PB), amikacin (AN), or meropenem (MEM) against KPC-producing (class A) CRKP strains, and OMC combined with PB, aztreonam (ATM), MEM, or AN against class B and class A plus class B CRKP strains.

Deep Learning-Based Automated Optical Inspection System for the Additive Manufacturing of Diamond Tools.

Cutting tools with orderly arranged diamond grits using additive manufacturing show better sharpness and longer service life than traditional diamond tools. A retractable needle jig with vacuum negative pressure was used to absorb and place grits in an orderly arranged manner. However, needle hole wear after a long service time could not promise complete grit adsorption forever.

Cardiac fibroblast-specific expression of IL-37 confers the protective effects on fibrosis in diabetic cardiomyopathy mice by regulating SOCS3-STAT3 axis.

Background: Human interleukin (IL)-37 is a constituent of the IL-1 family with potent anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive attributes. It has been demonstrated extensive beneficial effects on various diseases; however, its role in the pathogenesis of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) remains unclear.

Methods: , DCM mouse model was established with streptozotocin injection and a high-fat diet in WT and cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) specific hIL-37b overexpression mice (IL-37-Tg).

Risk of malignancy and the use of disease-modifying therapy in multiple sclerosis: exploring the role of DMT in a multi-center study.

Background: The potential link between disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) and malignancy in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients has generated significant concern, particularly given the immunosuppressive nature of these treatments. Conflicting evidence in the literature has left this issue unresolved, underscoring the need for definitive research to inform clinical practice. This study addresses this gap by examining cancer occurrence among MS patients on DMTs treated at two tertiary-care centers in Saudi Arabia.

β-caryophyllene sensitizes hepatocellular carcinoma cells to chemotherapeutics and inhibits cell malignancy through targeting MAPK signaling pathway.

Background: β-caryophyllene (BCP) is a naturally occurring bicyclic sesquiterpene extracted from various plants, and widely used as a medicinal agent for various diseases. During hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development, cancer cells generally exhibit increased cell proliferation due to mutations or aberrant expression of key regulatory genes. The current study determines the cytotoxic effects of BCP alone or in combination with doxorubicin (DOX) and cisplatin (DDP) on HCC cells, and elucidates the underlying mechanism of BCP to exert its anticancer activities.

Corrigendum: (Pro)renin receptor aggravates myocardial pyroptosis in diabetic cardiomyopathy through AMPK-NLRP3 pathway.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.

Anesthetic spindles serve as EEG markers of the depth variations in anesthesia induced by multifarious general anesthetics in mouse experiments.

Background: Mice play a crucial role in studying the mechanisms of general anesthesia. However, identifying reliable EEG markers for different depths of anesthesia induced by multifarious agents remains a significant challenge. Spindle activity, typically observed during NREM sleep, reflects synchronized thalamocortical activity and is characterized by a frequency range of 7-15 Hz and a duration of 0.

Ginsenoside Ro improves Salmonella Typhimurium-induced colitis through inhibition of the virulence factors SopB and SopE2 via the RAC1/CDC42/ARP2/3 pathway.

Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) poses a serious threat to human and animal health, and there is an urgent need to develop new therapeutic agents. In our in vivo study, ginsenoside Ro (Ro) reduced the mortality rate of S.

Synergy of Copper Doping and Carbon Defect Engineering in Promoting C-C Coupling for Enhanced CO Photoreduction to Ethanol Activity.

Photocatalytic conversion of carbon dioxide (CO) to fuel provides an ideal pathway to achieving carbon neutrality. One significant hindrance in achieving the reduction of CO to higher energy density multicarbon products (C) was the difficulty in coupling C-C bonds efficiently. Copper (Cu) is considered the most suitable metal catalyst for C-C coupling to form C products in the CO reduction reaction (CORR), but it encounters challenges such as low product selectivity and slow catalytic efficiency.

Genetic structure and demographic analysis of a true single-population species, Camellia azalea.

Single-population species (SPS) consist of only one natural population and often are at high risk of extinction. Although almost all species must go through this special stage in their evolutionary process, there is little understanding of how SPS survives. Camellia azalea C.

Retention strategies for medical doctors in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs): are they effective? A scoping review.

Background: High turnover among the medical professions is detrimental to the healthcare system and population well-being, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) with limited financial and human resources. To prevent brain drain, effective strategies are vital to improve the retention of healthcare workers, especially doctors. However, little evidence has been synthesised regarding the effectiveness of these strategies, especially in LMICs.