Effect of defects on ballistic transport in a bilayer SnS-based junction with Co intercalated electrodes.

This study theoretically investigates the defect-related electronic structure and transport properties in a device where a semiconductor bilayer SnS (BL-SnS) serves as the central scattering region and bilayer SnS with cobalt atom intercalation (Co-SnS) as the metallic electrodes. The Co-SnS/BL-SnS junction forms an ohmic contact, which is robust to defects. Low contact resistances of 52.

A Highly Selective Probe for Real-Time Monitoring of Ethylenediamine with Ratiometric Luminescent and Colorimetric Dual-Mode Responses.

Ethylenediamine (EDA), as an important chemical raw material and fine chemical intermediate, has been widely applied in various industries. Real-time monitoring of EDA is highly desirable in daily life due to its potential threat to human health. Herein, we report a molecular probe named 4,4'-(9-carbazole-3,6-diyl)bis(1-(naphthalen-2-ylmethyl)pyridin-1-ium) iodide (p-N-DPC·I) with ratiometric luminescent and colorimetric dual-mode responses toward EDA, endowing a highly sensitive and selective detection method for its real-time monitoring.

Graphene quantum dot-modified CoO/NiCoO yolk-shell polyhedrons as a polysulfide-adsorptive sulfur host for lithium-sulfur batteries.

The shuttle effect of lithium polysulfides and non-ideal reaction kinetics restrict the development of high-energy-density lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries. Here, we report a graphene quantum dot (GQD)-modified CoO/NiCoO yolk-shell polyhedron as a sulfur host for Li-S batteries. GQDs shorten transport pathways of electrons, while strong binding of CoO and NiCoO to LiS, LiS and LiS are demonstrated from density functional theory calculations.

3d-5d Orbital Hybridization in Nanoflower-Like High-Entropy Alloy for Highly Efficient Overall Water Splitting at High Current Density.

Exploring highlyefficient electrocatalysts for overall water splitting is a challenging butnecessary task for development of green and renewable energy. Herein, PtIrFeCoNi high-entropy alloy nanoflowers (HEA NFs) withstrong 3d-5d orbital hybridization were fabricated to achieve highly efficientoverall water splitting at high current density. The PtIrFeCoNi HEA NFs achieved a 57.

Unveiling the Role Reversal of Guest and Host in OverTolerant Hybrid Perovskites.

The structural and electronic changes are investigated in a 3D hybrid perovskite, methylhydrazinium lead chloride (MHyPbCl) from a host/guest perspective as it transitions from a highly polar to less polar phase upon cooling, using first-principles calculations. The two phases vary structurally in the guest (MHy) orientation and the two differently distorted host (lead halide) layers. These findings highlight the critical role of guest reorientation in reducing host distortion at high temperatures, making the former the primary order parameter for the transition, a notable contrast to the case of other hybrid perovskites.

Identification of the Novel HLA-B*38:01:26 Allele by Next-Generation Sequencing.

The new HLA-B*38:01:26 allele showed one synonymous nucleotide difference compared to the HLA-B*38:01:01:01 allele in codon 101.

A Bifunctional Peptide with Penetration Ability for Treating Retinal Angiogenesis via Eye Drops.

Numerous diseases, such as diabetic retinopathy and age-related macular degeneration, can lead to retinal neovascularization, which can seriously impair the visual function and potentially result in blindness. The presence of the blood-retina barrier makes it challenging for ocularly administered drugs to penetrate physiological barriers and reach the ocular posterior segments, including the retina and choroid. Herein, we developed an innovative bifunctional peptide, Tat-C-RP7, which exhibits excellent penetration capabilities and antiangiogenic properties aimed at treating retinal neovascularization diseases.

HIF1α Plays a Crucial Role in the Development of TFE3-Rearranged Renal Cell Carcinoma by Orchestrating a Metabolic Shift Toward Fatty Acid Synthesis.

Tumor development often requires cellular adaptation to a unique, high metabolic state; however, the molecular mechanisms that drive such metabolic changes in TFE3-rearranged renal cell carcinoma (TFE3-RCC) remain poorly understood. TFE3-RCC, a rare subtype of RCC, is defined by the formation of chimeric proteins involving the transcription factor TFE3. In this study, we analyzed cell lines and genetically engineered mice, demonstrating that the expression of the chimeric protein PRCC-TFE3 induced a hypoxia-related signature by transcriptionally upregulating HIF1α and HIF2α.

Effects of antidiabetic agents on lipid metabolism of skeletal muscle: A narrative review.

Metabolic syndrome-related diseases frequently involve disturbances in skeletal muscle lipid metabolism. The accumulation of lipid metabolites, lipid-induced mitochondrial stress in skeletal muscle cells, as well as the inflammation of adjacent adipose tissue, are associated with the development of insulin resistance and metabolic dysfunction. Consequently, when antidiabetic medications are used to treat various chronic conditions related to hyperglycaemia, the impact on skeletal muscle lipid metabolism should not be overlooked.

Measuring the age-friendliness of cities in the Russian Federation: The translation, validation and application of the age-friendly cities and communities Questionnaire in the city of Kazan.

Numerous cities in the Russian Federation have joined the World Health Organization's (WHO) Global Network for Age-Friendly Cities and Communities since 2011. In order to do quantitative evaluations of the age-friendliness of cities, the Age-Friendly Cities and Communities Questionnaire (AFCCQ) was developed in the Netherlands. The purpose of this study was to translate and test the validity and reliability of the AFCCQ for use in the Russian Federation, and to study the views on the age-friendliness of the city of Kazan in the Republic of Tatarstan from an intergenerational perspective.

Unveiling intimacy: sexual dysfunction and marital satisfaction among Pakistani males in Karachi.

Background: In Asian countries, discussing sex-related issues remains a taboo. Sexual dysfunction is not even considered a serious disorder in Pakistan.

Aim: To explore sexual dysfunction and marital satisfaction within the Pakistani context to develop supportive intervention programs.

The salivary microbiome and oral health status in HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B.

Background/purpose: Dysbiosis of oral microbiota has been reported in late stage of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection with cirrhosis. CHB is characterized by the constant virus-induced liver injury which may lead to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, some patients show normal liver function without antiviral treatment, associating with favourable prognosis.

Human milk whey proteins: Constituents, influencing factors, detection methods, and comparative analysis with other sources.

Whey proteins, the most abundant proteins in human milk (HM), play a vital role in the growth and development of infants. This review first elaborates on the main components of HM whey proteins, including various proteins with specific functions, and details the functions of these proteins in terms of infant nutrition, immunity, as well as growth and development. Secondly, it analyzes factors that affect HM whey proteins, such as maternal differences, dietary habits, and geographical differences.

Comparison of chemical constituents in species and their antimicrobial activity for extending the shelf life of foods.

Food spoilage causes significant economic losses and endangers human health. Developing novel antimicrobial agents and preservatives is urgently needed for anti-foodborne diseases and improving food storage. Zhen Zhu Cai () species are well-known edible plants among the East Asian populace that clear heat and anti-aging.

Preparation, characterization, and antibacterial application of cross-linked nanoparticles composite films.

This study aimed to prepare a composite film by blending cross-linked tapioca starch (CLTS) with sodium alginate (SA), silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), and ZnO nanoparticles (ZnOs). The effects of SA, AgNPs, and ZnOs at different concentrations (1-3 wt%) on the mechanical properties, optical properties, thermal stability, and antibacterial activity of cross-linked starch films were also investigated. The structures of the films were examined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction.

Survival outcomes among periviable infants: a systematic review and meta-analysis comparing different income countries and time periods.

Background: Periviable infants are a highly vulnerable neonatal group, and their survival rates are considerably affected by patient-, caregiver-, and institution-level factors, exhibiting wide variability across different income countries and time periods. This study aims to systematically review the literature on the survival rates of periviable infants and compare rates among countries with varied income levels and across different time periods.

Methods: Comprehensive searches were conducted across MEDLINE, Embase, CENTRAL, and Web of Science.

Avenanthramide A potentiates Bim-mediated antineoplastic properties of 5-fluorouracil targeting KDM4C//GSK-3 negative feedback loop in colorectal cancer.

Chemoresistance to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) is a significant challenge in treating colorectal cancer (CRC). Novel combined regimens to thwart chemoresistance are therefore urgently needed. Herein, we demonstrated that the combination of Avenanthramide A (AVN A) and 5-FU has significant therapeutic advantages against CRC.

Respiratory delivered vaccines: Current status and perspectives in rational formulation design.

The respiratory tract is susceptible to various infections and can be affected by many serious diseases. Vaccination is one of the most promising ways that prevent infectious diseases and treatment of some diseases such as malignancy. Direct delivery of vaccines to the respiratory tract could mimic the natural process of infection and shorten the delivery path, therefore unique mucosal immunity at the first line might be induced and the efficiency of delivery can be high.

Counteracting Alzheimer's disease normalizing neurovascular unit with a self-regulated multi-functional nano-modulator.

The neurovascular unit (NVU) is highly responsible for cerebral homeostasis and its dysfunction emerges as a critical contributor to Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology. Hence, rescuing NVU dysfunction might be a viable approach to AD treatments. Here, we fabricated a self-regulated muti-functional nano-modulator (siR/PIO@RP) that can intelligently navigate to damaged blood-brain barrier and release therapeutical cargoes for synergetic AD therapy.

A microfluidic coculture model for mapping signaling perturbations and precise drug screening against macrophage-mediated dynamic myocardial injury.

Macrophage-mediated inflammation plays a pivotal role in cardiovascular disease pathogenesis. However, current cell-based models lack a comprehensive understanding of crosstalk between macrophages and cardiomyocytes, hindering the discovery of effective therapeutic interventions. Here, a microfluidic model has been developed to facilitate the coculture of macrophages and cardiomyocytes, allowing for mapping key signaling pathways and screening potential therapeutic agents against inflammation-induced dynamic myocardial injury.

Pretheranostic agents with extraordinaryNIRF/photoacoustic imaging performanceand photothermal oncotherapy efficacy.

Cervical cancer, the most common gynecological malignancy, significantly and adversely affects women's physical health and well-being. Traditional surgical interventions and chemotherapy, while potentially effective, often entail serious side effects that have led to an urgent need for novel therapeutic methods. Photothermal therapy (PTT) has emerged as a promising approach due to its ability to minimize damage to healthy tissue.

Discovery of highly potent phosphodiesterase-1 inhibitors by a combined-structure free energy perturbation approach.

Accurate receptor/ligand binding free energy calculations can greatly accelerate drug discovery by identifying highly potent ligands. By simulating the change from one compound structure to another, the relative binding free energy (RBFE) change can be calculated based on the theoretically rigorous free energy perturbation (FEP) method. However, existing FEP-RBFE approaches may face convergence challenges due to difficulties in simulating non-physical intermediate states, which can lead to increased computational costs to obtain the converged results.

Identification of USP2 as a novel target to induce degradation of KRAS in myeloma cells.

Inducing the degradation of KRAS represents a novel strategy to combat cancers with KRAS mutation. In this study, we identify ubiquitin-specific protease 2 (USP2) as a novel deubiquitinating enzyme of KRAS in multiple myeloma (MM). Specifically, we demonstrate that gambogic acid (GA) forms a covalent bond with the cysteine 284 residue of USP2 through an allosteric pocket, inhibiting its deubiquitinating activity.

The use of augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) in dental surgery education and practice: A narrative review.

Integrating augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) into dental surgery education and practice has significantly advanced the precision and interactivity of dental training and patient care. This narrative review summarizes findings from extensive literature searches conducted in PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase, highlighting AR and VR technologies transformative impact and current applications. Research shows that AR improves surgical precision by offering real-time data overlays during procedures, leading to better outcomes in operations like dental implant placements.