Earthquake effects on youth: understanding psychological challenges and support needs.

The aim of this study is to examine the effects of the earthquake on the psychological symptoms of high school students, and to understand the readiness of school counseling services based on the available data. In this context, the research was designed within the scope of two different studies: Study 1: The views of school counselors, and students on the difficulties experienced due to the earthquake. Study 2: The effects of the earthquake on students' psychological symptoms.

The clinical application of artificial intelligence in cancer precision treatment.

Background: Artificial intelligence has made significant contributions to oncology through the availability of high-dimensional datasets and advances in computing and deep learning. Cancer precision medicine aims to optimize therapeutic outcomes and reduce side effects for individual cancer patients. However, a comprehensive review describing the impact of artificial intelligence on cancer precision medicine is lacking.

In vitro evaluation of hypochlorous acid-silver nanoparticle waterline disinfectant for dental unit waterline disinfection.

Background: This work intended to assess the disinfection efficacy of hypochlorous acid (HA) and silver nanoparticles (AgNP) disinfectants in disinfecting the dental unit waterlines (DUWL) during comprehensive oral treatment and explore their potential applications in the oral medical environment.

Methods: Firstly, AgNP solution was prepared and evaluated through X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission transmission electron microscope (FE-TEM), and stability tests. Subsequently, 15 dental units were selected and randomly assigned to three groups, each receiving a different disinfection method.

Childhood body size, adulthood adiposity, underlying mechanisms, and risk of incident hypertension: a prospective cohort study of 180,527 participants.

Background: Mechanisms underlying the association of life-course adiposity with incident hypertension in adulthood have not been comprehensively investigated. In this study, we aimed to investigate the potential biochemical and metabolomic mechanisms underlying the association between adiposity and incident hypertension.

Methods: A total of 180,527 participants from the UK Biobank aged 37 to 73 years were included.

A strategy for selective screening of dual-target bioactive compounds against hypertrophic scar through inhibiting angiotensin II type 1 receptor while stimulating type 2 receptor from Chinese herbs.

Background: Cutaneous hypertrophic scar is a fibro-proliferative hard-curing disease. Recent studies have proved that antagonists of angiotensin II type 1 receptor (ATR) and agonists of type 2 receptor (ATR) were able to relieve hypertrophic scar. Therefore, establishing new methods to pursue dual-target lead compounds from Chinese herbs is in much demand for treating scar.

Sex-related association between smoke exposure and gallstones in a US population: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Cholelithiasis are a condition that creates an economic and medical burden on society, and women are more susceptible to gallbladder stones. However, the effect of smoking on the development of gallstones remains controversial. No studies, to our knowledge, have discussed the association between smoke exposure and gallstones separately in men and women.

Wnt signalling facilitates neuronal differentiation of cochlear Frizzled10-positive cells in mouse cochlea via glypican 6 modulation.

Degeneration of cochlear spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) leads to irreversible sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL), as SGNs lack regenerative capacity. Although cochlear glial cells (GCs) have some neuronal differentiation potential, their specific identities remain unclear. This study identifies a distinct subpopulation, Frizzled10 positive (FZD10+) cells, as an important type of GC responsible for neuronal differentiation in mouse cochlea.

Evaluating dental students' satisfaction in clinical Periodontics courses at KSAU-HS: a cross-sectional study.

Background: The National Commission for Academic Accreditation and Assessment (NCAAA) in Saudi Arabia underscores the importance of assessing student satisfaction to ensure program quality. No previous studies have explored the satisfaction levels of dental students enrolled in clinical Periodontics courses at King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS). This study aims to assess dental students' satisfaction with clinical Periodontics courses and to explore potential differences in satisfaction based on gender and academic level.

One-stage versus two-stage video-assisted thoracic surgery for synchronous bilateral pulmonary nodules: protocol for a single center, non-randomized clinical trial (OTVATS-1).

Background: Previous retrospective studies demonstrated both one-stage and two-stage video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) for bilateral pulmonary nodules were safe and feasible in selected patients. However, prospective data is still lacking. The purpose of this trial is to prospectively compare the prognostic and perioperative outcomes between one-stage and two-stage VATS for synchronous bilateral pulmonary nodules.

Evaluating stakeholder coordination and partnerships for NTD elimination in Taraba state, Nigeria: a multi-level analysis.

Introduction: Nigeria has a significant burden of NTDs with more than 120 million people at risk of the dominant NTDs namely Lymphatic Filariasis, Onchocerciasis, and Schistosomiasis. Control efforts have involved the four levels of governance with programs focused on vector control, preventive chemotherapy, water, sanitation and health education. However, the coordination across these levels and with multiple stakeholders remains unclear especially in states like Taraba that have received significant funding from local non-governmental organisations.

Seroprevalence of dengue, Zika, and chikungunya in São Sebastião, Brazil (2020-2021): a population-based survey.

Background: Urban arboviruses pose a significant global burden, particularly in tropical regions like Brazil. São Sebastião, a lower-middle-class urban area just 26 km from the Brazilian capital, is an endemic area for dengue. However, asymptomatic cases may obscure the actual extent of the disease.

Antibiotic susceptibility and molecular characterization based on whole-genome sequencing of Staphylococcus aureus causing invasive infection in children and women living in Southwest China during 2018-2023.

Background: Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most common pathogens that colonizes human skin/mucous membranes, where it causes local infection that can progress to invasive infection, resulting in high morbidity and mortality worldwide. This study aimed to investigate the antibiotic susceptibility and molecular characteristics of invasive S. aureus in children and women in Southwest China from 2018 to 2023 to provide novel insights helpful in preventing and treating S.

Increased TSPO alleviates neuropathic pain by preventing pyroptosis via the AMPK-PGC-1α pathway.

Neuropathic pain poses a significant clinical challenge, largely due to the incomplete understanding of its molecular mechanisms, particularly the role of mitochondrial dysfunction. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that pyroptosis and inflammatory responses induced by spared nerve injury (SNI) in the spinal dorsal horn play a critical role in the initiation and persistence of neuropathic pain. Among the factors involved, TSPO (translocator protein) emerged as a key regulator.

Comparative evaluation of four exome enrichment solutions in 2024: Agilent, Roche, Vazyme and Nanodigmbio.

Whole exome sequencing (WES) is essential for identifying genetic variants linked to diseases. This study compares available to date four exome enrichment kits: Agilent SureSelect Human All Exon v8, Roche KAPA HyperExome, Vazyme VAHTS Target Capture Core Exome Panel, and Nanodigmbio NEXome Plus Panel v1. We evaluated target design, coverage statistics, and variant calling accuracy across these four different exome capture products.

Optimization of x-ray dark-field CT for human-scale lung imaging.

Background: X-ray grating-based dark-field imaging can sense the small angle scattering caused by object's micro-structures. This technique is sensitive to the porous microstructure of lung alveoli and has the potential to detect lung diseases at an early stage. Up to now, a human-scale dark-field CT (DF-CT) prototype has been built for lung imaging.

Climate change impact on green spaces planning in an urban area using a hybrid approach.

This study presents a hybrid methodology for planning green spaces to enhance urban sustainability and livability, evaluating the impacts of climate change on cities. Cities, once accommodating a small population, have become major centers of migration and development since the eighteenth century. Rapid urban growth intensifies infrastructure, environmental, and social challenges.

Class-Wise Combination of Mixture-Based Data Augmentation for Class Imbalance Learning of Focal Liver Lesions in Abdominal CT Images.

In this paper, we propose a method to address the class imbalance learning in the classification of focal liver lesions (FLLs) from abdominal CT images. Class imbalance is a significant challenge in medical image analysis, making it difficult for machine learning models to learn to classify them accurately. To overcome this, we propose a class-wise combination of mixture-based data augmentation (CCDA) method that uses two mixture-based data augmentation techniques, MixUp and AugMix.

Acute Concurrent Exercise Improves Inhibitory Control Without Mediating the Role of Lactate: An Event-Related Potential Study.

Background: Concurrent exercise (CE), an emerging exercise modality characterized by sequential bouts of aerobic (AE) and resistance exercise (RE), has demonstrated acute benefits on executive functions (EFs) and neuroelectric P3 amplitude. However, the effect of acute CE on inhibitory control, a sub-component of EFs, and P3 amplitude remains inconclusive. Moreover, exploring the mechanisms underlying the effects of acute exercise on EFs contributes to scientific comprehension, with lactate recognized as a crucial candidate positively correlated with EFs.

Forest Soil pH and Dissolved Organic Matter Aromaticity Are Distinct Drivers for Soil Microbial Community and Carbon Metabolism Potential.

The ecological niche separation of microbial interactions in forest ecosystems is critical to maintaining ecological balance and biodiversity and has yet to be comprehensively explored in microbial ecology. This study investigated the impacts of soil properties on microbial interactions and carbon metabolism potential in forest soils across 67 sites in China. Using redundancy analysis and random forest models, we identified soil pH and dissolved organic matter (DOM) aromaticity as the primary drivers of microbial interactions, representing abiotic conditions and resource niches, respectively.

Risk and protective factors of disease flare during pregnancy in systemic lupus erythematosus: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

To synthesize available evidence on predictive factors associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) flares during pregnancy, we systematically searched MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Library through January 2024 for observational studies on risk and protective factors of SLE flares during pregnancy. Odds ratios (OR) and mean differences (MD), as well as their 95% confidence intervals (CI) were used to quantify effect sizes. We employed fixed-effect or random-effect models based on heterogeneity assessments (I statistics).

c-di-GMP inhibits rRNA methylation and impairs ribosome assembly in the presence of kanamycin.

Cyclic diguanosine monophosphate (c-di-GMP) is a ubiquitous bacterial secondary messenger with diverse functions. A previous Escherichia coli proteome microarray identified that c-di-GMP binds to the 23S rRNA methyltransferases RlmI and RlmE. Here we show that c-di-GMP inhibits RlmI activity in rRNA methylation assays, and that it modulates ribosome assembly in the presence of kanamycin.

Analysis of the effect of platelet function and different doses of ticagrelor after flow diverter treatment of intracranial aneurysms.

Ticagrelor has become the standard drug for the treatment of intracranial aneurysms (IAs) with flow diverters (FDs), but the dosage has not been standardized. The effect of platelet function on clinical and imaging prognosis remains unclear. This study aimed to show the effects of different doses of ticagrelor and platelet aggregation function on the clinical and imaging prognosis after FDs treatment of aneurysms.

Multimodal machine learning enables AI chatbot to diagnose ophthalmic diseases and provide high-quality medical responses.

Chatbot-based multimodal AI holds promise for collecting medical histories and diagnosing ophthalmic diseases using textual and imaging data. This study developed and evaluated the ChatGPT-powered Intelligent Ophthalmic Multimodal Interactive Diagnostic System (IOMIDS) to enable patient self-diagnosis and self-triage. IOMIDS included a text model and three multimodal models (text + slit-lamp, text + smartphone, text + slit-lamp + smartphone).