Biopolymer-Derived Carbon Materials for Wearable Electronics.

Advanced carbon materials are widely utilized in wearable electronics. Nevertheless, the production of carbon materials from fossil-based sources raised concerns regarding their non-renewability, high energy consumption, and the consequent greenhouse gas emissions. Biopolymers, readily available in nature, offer a promising and eco-friendly alternative as a carbon source, enabling the sustainable production of carbon materials for wearable electronics.

How Affective Relationships and Classroom Norms Shape Perceptions of Aggressor, Victim, and Defender Roles.

Reputational peer nominations are a common method for measuring involvement in aggression-related behaviors, encompassing the roles of aggressor, victim, and defender, but may be influenced by students' affective (dis)liking relationships. This social network study investigated whether dyad- and group-level (dis)liking relationships affect perceptions of classmates' involvement in physical aggression and explored the moderating roles of classroom moral disengagement and defending norms. The study employed a longitudinal design with two time points 6 months apart, encompassing 27 classrooms and 632 early adolescents.

Incorporating Indium Oxide into Microplasma Reactor for CO Conversion to Methanol.

The clean conversion of CO is a strategic issue for addressing global climate change and advancing energy transformation. While the current clean CO conversion is limited to the H pyrolysis process, using HO as a proton source is more promising and sustainable. A microplasma discharge method is developed, driven by electricity, and utilized for CO conversion with HO.

Room-Temperature Selective Detection of H by Pd Nanoparticle-Decorated SnO@WO Core-Shell Hollow Structures.

Sensitive H sensors play key roles in the large-scale and safe applications of H. In this study, we developed novel ternary Pd-loaded SnO@WO core-shell structures by hydrothermal and reduction methods. The compositions of the optimized ternary core-shell structures (Pd-SW-2) are prepared on the basis of the optimal binary core-shell structures (SW-X) according to the sensing performances to H.

Dual-Source Evaporation Processed Novel NaBiS Absorber Material for Eco-Friendly and Stable Photovoltaics.

Exploring and developing novel, low-cost, and environmentally friendly photovoltaic materials is a vital trend in the evolution of solar cell technology. The distinctive properties of alkali bismuth ternary sulfides have spurred increased research and application in optoelectronic devices. In this study, a novel method is reported for preparing NaBiS film by sequential thermal evaporation of NaS and BiS layers followed by heating post-treatment for the first time, as well as the preparation of solar cells with NaBiS as the light-absorbing layer.

Transforming Adsorbate Surface Dynamics in Aqueous Electrocatalysis: Pathways to Unconstrained Performance.

Developing highly efficient catalysts to accelerate sluggish electrode reactions is critical for the deployment of sustainable aqueous electrochemical technologies, yet remains a great challenge. Rationally integrating functional components to tailor surface adsorption behaviors and adsorbate dynamics would divert reaction pathways and alleviate energy barriers, eliminating conventional thermodynamic constraints and ultimately optimizing energy flow within electrochemical systems. This approach has, therefore, garnered significant interest, presenting substantial potential for developing highly efficient catalysts that simultaneously enhance activity, selectivity, and stability.

Impact of Dexamethasone on Blood Glucose After Total Knee Arthroplasty in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes.

Objective: With the global aging population, the incidence of OA is rising annually, and the number of TKA surgeries is rapidly increasing, placing a heavy economic and healthcare burden on society. As one of the key medications in the ERAS protocol, DXM can significantly reduce postoperative pain, suppress nausea and vomiting, and accelerate patient recovery. However, the safety of perioperative DXM use in patients with diabetes remains unclear.

Constructing n/n Type Perovskite Homojunctions to Achieve High-Efficiency and Stable Printable Mesoscopic Perovskite Solar Cells.

In recent years, carbon-based printable mesoscopic perovskite solar cells (p-MPSCs) without hole transport layers have garnered considerable interest because of their outstanding benefits in terms of stability and cost. However, the use of carbon electrodes instead of hole transport materials and noble metal electrodes leads to energy level mismatch, which limits the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of p-MPSCs. In this work, a molecular doping strategy is proposed employing cyclopentylmethanamine to passivate surface and subsurface crystal defects in perovskite layers while inducing an energy shift toward the p-type in the perovskite region within carbon electrodes.

Aromatic ring compounds with different conjugation degrees in a boronic acid matrix to realize multicolor phosphorescence for time division colorful multiplexing.

Long lifetime multicolor phosphorescence materials possess excellent optical properties and have important application prospects in the fields of advanced anti-counterfeiting and information encryption. However, realizing long lifetime and color-tunable room temperature phosphorescent (RTP) carbon dot (CD) materials has proved challenging. In this study, the organic precursor molecules 2-phenethylamine (2-Ph), 9-aminophenanthrene (9-Ph) and 1-aminopyrene (1-Py) with different degrees of conjugation were selected to synthesize RTP CD composites: 2-Ph@BA, 9-Ph@BA and 1-Py@BA were synthesized by mixing with a boric acid (BA) matrix under high temperature pyrolysis.

Improving Spatial Transcriptomics with Membrane-Based Boundary Definition and Enhanced Single-Cell Resolution.

Accurately defining cell boundaries for spatial transcriptomics is technically challenging. The current major approaches are nuclear staining or mathematical inference, which either exclude the cytoplasm or determine a hypothetical boundary. Here, a new method is introduced for defining cell boundaries: labeling cell membranes using genetically coded fluorescent proteins, which allows precise indexing of sequencing spots and transcripts within cells on sections.

Downregulation of AATK enhances susceptibility to ferroptosis by promoting endosome recycling in gefitinib-resistant lung cancer cells.

Ferroptosis has been characterised by disruption of the cell membrane through iron-related lipid peroxidation. However, regulation of iron homeostasis in lung cancer cells that are resistant to epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) remains unclear. Transcriptome analysis identified a significant downregulation of apoptosis-associated tyrosine kinase (AATK) mRNA expression in gefitinib-resistant PC9 (PC9-GR) cells, which were found to be more susceptible to ferroptosis inducers.

Anchoring Ru single-atoms on MXene achieves dual-enzyme activities for mild photothermal augmented nanocatalytic therapy.

Single-atom catalysts with abnormally high catalytic activity have garnered extensive attention and interest for their application in tumor therapy. Despite the advancements made with current nanotherapeutic agents, developing efficient systems for cancer treatment remains challenging due to low activity, uncontrollable behavior, and nonselective interactions. Herein, we have constructed Ru single-atom-anchored MXene nanozymes (Ru-TiCT-PEG) with a mild photothermal effect and multi-enzyme catalytic activity for synergistic tumor therapy.

In Situ Analysis of Plant Tissue Using Arc iKnife Ionization Mass Spectrometry.

This study developed a portable arc iKnife ionization mass spectrometry (AII-MS) technique integrating a surgical knife with low-temperature arc plasma to interact with plant tissues. The thermal energy from the arc plasma induces the sputtering of water-containing plant tissues, leading to the formation of aerosols. These aerosols are then charged by plasma-generated ions, producing charged microdroplets that are ultimately detected by a mass spectrometer.

Syntactic Structural Development in Chinese deaf Children Aged 4-7 Years with Cochlear Implants.

Using the syntactic priming paradigm, this study investigated abstract syntactic knowledge of Chinese transitive structures (i.e., subject-verb-object [SVO], BA, and BEI) in deaf children with cochlear implants (CIs).

Revealing Molecular Connections between Dissolved Organic Matter in Surface Water Sources and Their Cytotoxicity Influenced by Chlorination Disinfection.

Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is the primary precursor of disinfection products (DBPs) during chlorination. However, the compositional characteristics of DOM transformation during the chlorination process in different source waters and its relationship to cytotoxicity remain understudied. Here, we used high-resolution mass spectrometry to evaluate chlorination-induced molecular-level changes in DOM derived from different surface water sources.

Clinical Characteristics During and After COVID-19 Infection Among Healthcare Workers During the First Wave of Omicron in Chongqing, China.

Background: Revealing the clinical manifestations and associations of COVID-19 before and after negative transition remains an area of significant uncertainty. The aim of this study is to investigate the clinical characteristics observed during and after Omicron infection among a specific population, namely healthcare workers (HCWs).

Methods: From November 4, 2022, to January 15, 2023, HCWs in our hospital were enrolled to document clinical symptoms, prevention, and treatment for COVID-19 using a structured questionnaire.

Macrophage Membrane-Encapsulated Carbon Dots for Precise Targeting Diagnosis and Treatment of Bacterial Infections.

How to accurately diagnose and treat bacterial infections in vivo remains a huge challenge. Therefore, we have developed a targeted delivery nanosystem by coextruding the pretreated macrophage membrane of with carbon dots (M@CD). The M@CD nanosystem demonstrates potent antibacterial effects both in vivo and in vitro through the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS).

Enablers and inhibitors of nursing and midwifery leadership in Pacific Island collectivist cultures.

Aim: To identify and explore inhibitors and enablers of nursing and midwifery leadership in the Pacific; to develop context-specific recommendations for policy and practice.

Background: Many Pacific Island countries experience poor health outcomes and are vulnerable to climate-related health emergencies. Nursing and midwifery leadership is essential to improve regional health outcomes through influencing policy decisions, strengthening health systems and ensuring optimal health workforce utilisation.

Stereodivergent Construction of 3,3'-Disubstituted Oxindoles via One-Pot Sequential Allylation/Alkylation and Its Application to the Total Synthesis of Trigolute B and D.

The absolute and relative configurations of bioactive chiral molecules are typically relevant to their biological properties. It is thus highly important and desirable to construct all possible stereoisomers of a lead candidate or a given bioactive natural compound. Synergistic dual catalysis has been recognized as a reliable synthetic strategy for a variety of predictable stereodivergent transformations.

Soil Microbial Mechanisms to Improve Pear Seedling Growth by Applying Bacillus and Trichoderma-Amended Biofertilizers.

Bacillus velezensis SQR9 or Trichoderma harzianum NJAU4742-amended bioorganic fertilizers might significantly improve the soil microbial community and crop yields. However, the mechanisms these microorganisms act are far away from distinctness. We combined amplicon sequencing with culturable approaches to investigate the effects of these microorganisms on pear tree growth, rhizosphere nutrients and microbial mechanisms.

The concentration of malachite green in fish: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and probabilistic risk assessment.

Malachite Green (MG) is an antibiotic with antifungal activity, which is illegal to use in agriculture due to its mutagenic and teratogenic properties. Several scientific papers have been published on MG in fish. Therefore, an attempt was made to determine the meta-analysis concentration of MG in fish based on countries and types of fish subgroups, as well as the health risks of consumers, using the Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) model.

Crystallization of CsPbBr Nanocrystals within a Melt-Quenched Glassy Coordination Polymer.

Lead halide perovskite nanocrystal materials such as CsPbX (X = Cl, Br, and I) have triggered an intense research upsurge due to their excellent scintillation performance. Herein, an crystallization strategy is developed to grow CsPbBr nanocrystals (NCs) within a low-melting-point (280 °C) coordination polymer (CP) glass. The viscosity of coordination glass is reduced through a low-temperature (e.

Circadian rhythm disruption aggravates alveolar bone loss in rat apical periodontitis.

Background: Circadian rhythm disruption (CRD) affects the expression levels of a range of biological clock genes, such as brain and muscle ARNT-Like-1 (BMAL1), which is considered to be an important factor in triggering or exacerbating inflammatory response. However, the underlying effect of CRD on the pathogenesis of apical periodontitis, a common oral inflammatory disease, currently remains unknown. Exploring the effects and pathogenic mechanisms of CRD on apical periodontitis will be beneficial in providing new ideas for the prevention and treatment of apical periodontitis.

Screening, identification, and mechanism of novel antioxidant peptides in walnut meal under aerobic stress.

Walnut (Juglans regia L.) meal, being the primary by-product of walnut oil processing, is rich in high-quality proteins and of significant potential for development and utilization. The study used multi-stage gradient purification, liquid-quantity chromatography, and computerized virtual screening to isolate and characterize antioxidant peptides from walnut meal.

MS-Based Glycome Characterization of Biotherapeutics With N- and O-Glycosylation.

With the increasing FDA approvals of glycoprotein-based biotherapeutics including monoclonal antibodies, cytokines, and enzyme treatments, the significance of glycosylation in modulating drug efficacy and safety becomes central. This review highlights the crucial role of mass spectrometry (MS) in elucidating the glycome of biotherapeutics that feature N- and O-glycosylation, directly addressing the challenges posed by glycosylation complexity and heterogeneity. We have detailed the advancements and application of MS technologies including MALDI-TOF MS, LC-MS, and tandem MS in the precise characterization of glycoprotein therapeutics.