Comparative Studies of Palmatine with Metformin and Glimepiride on the Modulation of Insulin Dependent Signaling Pathway In Vitro, In Vivo & Ex Vivo.

(1) Insulin resistance, a symptom of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), is caused by the inactivation of the insulin signaling pathway, which includes IRS-PI3K-IRS-1-PKC-AKT2 and GLUT4. Metformin (biguanide) and glimepiride (sulfonylurea) are both drugs that are derivatives of urea, and they are widely used as first-line drugs for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Palmatine has been previously reported to possess antidiabetic and antioxidant properties.

Ethical challenges in genetic research among Philippine Indigenous Peoples: Insights from fieldwork in Zamboanga and the Sulu Archipelago.

The Philippines, with the recent discovery of an archaic hominin in Luzon and an extensive ethnolinguistic diversity of more than 100 Indigenous peoples, is crucial to understanding human evolution and population history in Island Southeast Asia. Advances in DNA sequencing technologies enable the rapid generation of genomic data to robustly address questions about origins, relatedness, and population movements. With the increased genetic sampling in the country, especially by international scientists, it is vital to revisit ethical rules and guidelines relevant to conducting research among Indigenous peoples.

Polyoxygenated Cyclohexenes from with Multi-Enzyme Targeting Properties Relevant in Type 2 Diabetes and Obesity.

Shikimic acid-derived polyoxygenated cyclohexene natural products commonly occurring in several species of the represent natural products with promising biological activities. While a number of derivatives have been reported from (), further studies are needed to discover additional bioactive congeners, particularly derivatives with multi-protein target inhibitory properties implicated in diseases such as diabetes and obesity. In this paper, isolation and identification of a new highly oxygenated cyclohexene, uvagrandol (), along with the known compound (-)-zeylenone () from the DCM sub-extract of following and assessment of their enzyme inhibitory properties against α-glucosidase, dipeptidyl peptidase IV, porcine lipase, and human recombinant monoacylglycerol lipase are reported.

Isolation of Fluorescent Benzoxazines with Neuroprotective Activity from the Olive Weevil .

The weevil poses a serious pest problem for olive cultivation in Japan. Two new racemic fluorescent benzoxazines, designated as pimeforazine A ((±)-) and pimeforazine B ((±)-), were successfully isolated from . Their structures, including the absolute configurations of their resolved enantiomers, were determined using spectroscopic methods, single-crystal X-ray diffraction, and electronic circular dichroism calculations.

Unravelling macroplastic pollution in seagrass beds of Iligan City, Mindanao, Philippines.

Despite being a leading pollutant in the ocean, there are limited studies about plastic litter in seagrasses, and none has been documented in the Philippines. This study determined the abundance and composition of macroplastics in seagrass beds of Iligan City, Philippines. Plastics were collected from transect lines laid in seagrass beds of four sites (Dalipuga, Hinaplanon, Tominobo and Buru-un), and three locations (landward, midward, seaward) in each site, periodically within 42 days.

Triterpenoid Saponins from the Fruits of Symplocos lucida as β-Glucuronidase Inhibitors.

A new triterpenoid saponin and five known ones were isolated from the fruits of Symplocos lucida (Thunb.) Siebold & Zucc. Their structures were determined based on the results of spectroscopy analysis, chemical conversions, and X-ray crystallographic analyses.

"Not about us without us" - the feelings and hopes of climate-concerned young people around the world.

The feelings and hopes of young people around the world are often neglected in policymaking and research, with consequences for both their wellbeing and the effectiveness of humanity's response to the climate crisis. Many of them are distressed by climate change's impacts, the inaction of political and corporate leaders, the ways other people respond to their feelings, and the lack of support they have to share their feelings or get involved in meaningful climate-related work. This paper is written by a group of twenty-three concerned young people from fifteen countries.

A national online survey of Filipinos' knowledge, attitude, and awareness of antibiotic use and resistance: A cross-sectional study.

Background: Antibiotic resistance is one of the 21st century's most challenging clinical and public health issues. However, this health issue remains underreported in the Philippines.

Aim: This study examined Filipinos' knowledge, attitude, and awareness regarding antibiotic use and resistance and the associated predictive variables of antibiotic resistance.

Plasma and muscle tissue disposition of enrofloxacin in Nile tilapia () after intravascular, intraperitoneal, and oral administrations.

The aim of the study was to investigate the plasma and muscle pharmacokinetic of enrofloxacin (ENR) and its active metabolite ciprofloxacin (CIP) in Nile tilapia () following single intravascular (IV), intraperitoneal (IP), or oral (PO) administration at 30 ± 1 °C. In this study, 234 healthy Nile tilapia (120-150 g) were used. The fish received a single IV, IP, or PO treatment of ENR at a dose of 10 mg/kg.

The Reduction of Fragmentation in the Conduct of Online Distance Learning using my.eskwela.

With (Corona Virus Disease) COVID-19 pandemic, academic institutions worldwide were forced to facilitate distance learning and it quickly became the standard mode of instructional delivery for everyone. Even if implementation is met with problems like lack of manpower skills and training, perceptions, and the internet connectivity, Filipinos are still optimistic to overcome the limitations by using its ingenuity in finding the appropriate solution. Solutions may include the fragmentation of variety of platforms in the conduct of online distance learning.

Prevalence and Molecular Characterization of Ascaridoid Parasites of Philippine Species.

There are relatively few studies on parasite fauna of marine fishes in Philippine waters. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of marine ascaridoid infection in species in Balayan Bay and Tayabas Bay. A total of 371 fishes belonging to three different species of ( [ = 130], [ = 121], and [ = 120]) were collected.

First report of (Nematoda: Rhabditida) isolated from the cadaver of (Stylommatophora: Ariophantidae), a terrestrial slug in the Philippines.

Gastropod-associated nematodes have been previously studied and documented worldwide, with some species forming host-specific association as obligate parasites of molluscs while others form intermediate and temporary association. from Imelda, Zamboanga Sibugay, Philippines, were collected, washed and maintained in the laboratory until death. Cadavers were placed on nutrient agar to allow nematode proliferation.

Ab-initio study of pressure influenced elastic, mechanical and optoelectronic properties of CdZnSe alloy for space photovoltaics.

The optoelectronic properties of the ternary CdZnSe alloy are reported under the influence of a high pressure ranging from 0 to 25 GPa, within a modified Becke-Jhonson potential using density functional theory. This alloy has a cubic symmetry, is mechanically stable, and its bulk modulus rises with pressure. It is observed to be a direct bandgap material with a bandgap energy that increases from 2.

Occurrence of COVID-19 personal protective equipment (PPE) litters along the eastern coast of Palawan Island, Philippines.

The emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic has caused worldwide health constraints. This study was conducted to establish a baseline monitoring survey to describe the distribution of PPE litters during the COVID-19 pandemic in the province of Palawan, Philippines. A total of 386 COVID-19-related PPE items were present in 83 % of coastal sampling sites with over a cumulative area of 48,200 m, with a density of 8 × 10 items m.

Parental migration status moderates the link between parent-child relationship and children's well-being through psychological distress.

The effects of parental migration on the well-being of left-behind children (LBC) are varied. Several studies demonstrated that parental migration reduces children's psychological health but other research showed contradictory results. This study sought to clarify this issue by examining the mediating role of psychological distress and the moderating role of parental migration status in the association between the parent-child relationship and children's psychological distress.

Light-Weighted Deep Learning Model to Detect Fault in IoT-Based Industrial Equipment.

Industry 4.0, with the widespread use of IoT, is a significant opportunity to improve the reliability of industrial equipment through problem detection. It is difficult to utilize a unified model to depict the working condition of devices in real-world industrial scenarios because of the complex and dynamic relationship between devices.

Fertility tracking tool for visually impaired and non-visually impaired women: A qualitative study.

Background: A natural family planning device, Fertility Tracking Tool (FTT), was developed to serve as a visual and tactile guide in monitoring the fertile and infertile days of the menstrual cycle. However, there is lack of preferences about the tool among visually impaired and non-visually impaired women. Therefore, understanding their viewpoints will provide additional input for the final design of the product.

Antiproliferative and Cytotoxic Cytochalasins from Inhibit Actin Polymerization and Aggregation.

Laying the groundwork on preliminary structure-activity relationship study relating to the disruptive activity of cytochalasan derivatives on mammalian cell actin cytoskeleton, we furthered our study on the cytochalasans of the Dothideomycetes fungus, . A new cytochalasan analog triseptatin (), along with the previously described cytochalasans deoxaphomin B () and cytochalasin B (), and polyketide derivatives -4-hydroxy-6-deoxyscytalone () and 6-hydroxymellein () were isolated from the rice culture of . The structure of was elucidated through NMR spectroscopic analysis and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HR-ESI-MS).

Gene Editing of the Catfish Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Gene and Hormone Therapy to Control the Reproduction in Channel Catfish, .

Transcription activator-like effector nuclease (TALEN) plasmids targeting the channel catfish gonadotropin-releasing hormone (cfGnRH) gene were delivered into fertilized eggs with double electroporation to sterilize channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus). Targeted cfGnRH fish were sequenced and base deletion, substitution, and insertion were detected. The gene mutagenesis was achieved in 52.

Recognition of Protein Network for Bioinformatics Knowledge Analysis Using Support Vector Machine.

Protein is the material foundation of living things, and it directly takes part in and runs the process of living things itself. Predicting protein complexes helps us understand the structure and function of complexes, and it is an important foundation for studying how cells work. Genome-wide protein interaction (PPI) data is growing as high-throughput experiments become more common.

Identification and Classification of Depressed Mental State for End-User over Social Media.

In researching social network data and depression, it is often necessary to manually label depressed and non-depressed users, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive. The aim of this study is that it explores the relationship between social network data and depression. It can also contribute to detecting and identifying depression.

Effectiveness of blocking primers and a peptide nucleic acid (PNA) clamp for 18S metabarcoding dietary analysis of herbivorous fish.

The structure of food webs and carbon flow in aquatic ecosystems can be better understood by studying contributing factors such as the diets of herbivorous fish. Metabarcoding using a high-throughput sequencer has recently been used to clarify prey organisms of various fish except herbivorous fish. Since sequences of predator fish have dominated in sequences obtained by metabarcoding, we investigated a method for suppressing the amplification of fish DNA by using a blocking primer or peptide nucleic acid (PNA) clamp to determine the prey organisms of herbivorous fish.

Three new species of the genus Heller 1912, subgenus Heller 1912 (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Entiminae, Pachyrhynchini), from Mindanao Island, Philippines.

Three new species of genus Metapocyrtus Heller, 1912, subgenus Orthocyrtus Heller, 1912 (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Entiminae, Pachyrhynchini) from Mindanao Island, Philippines are described: M. (O.) regalis, M.