Combination of a Rapid Diagnostic Assay and Antimicrobial Stewardship Intervention for Gram-Negative Bacteremia.

Background: Traditional blood cultures for gram-negative bacteremia can take up to 72 hours or more to return results, prolonging the duration of empiric broad-spectrum intravenous antibiotics. The Accelerate Pheno system provides rapid identification and susceptibilities for blood cultures in gram-negative bacteremia. Current data on its clinical utility are mixed overall, so the system requires further research.

Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Diagnostic Frequency and Medical Therapies Applied to Subjects With Functional Seizures.

Background And Purposes: The coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic was associated with catastrophic consequences and increased psychological distress. However, it is unknown if the pandemic impacted the frequency of functional seizures (FS), a well known manifestation of psychiatric disease. The study objectives are to evaluate FS diagnostic code frequency before and during the COVID-19 pandemic and the therapies applied.

Cognitive-Behavioral and Dialectical Behavior Therapy in High-Intensity Settings.

Youth mental health is a major public health concern. Adolescents experiencing mental health crises are increasingly presenting to high-intensity settings such as inpatient and partial hospitalization programs. These services offer a multimodal approach involving medication management, cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), and dialectical behavior therapy (DBT).

Nativity and the risk of opioid use disorder among Hispanic/Latinx women in primary care in Los Angeles, CA.

Background: While rates of opioid use disorder (OUD) are lower among women compared to men, nativity may have disproportionate impacts on OUD risk among Hispanic/Latinx women but remain understudied.

Objective: To assess the association between country of birth and reported OUD risk among low-income Hispanic/Latinx women in primary care in Los Angeles, CA.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 1189 non-pregnant, Hispanic/Latinx women attending two federally qualified health centers in Los Angeles between March and July 2013.

Inter- and intra-observer reproducibility of CT-Leaman score by an independent core lab.

To assess the reproducibility of CT-based Leaman score (CT-LeSc). CT-LeSc can non-invasively quantify total coronary atherosclerotic burden and is an independent long-term predictor of cardiac events. Its calculation however relies on the subjective assessment of lesions using coronary computed tomography angiography and therefore is subject to intra- and inter-observer variability.

Identification of multivariable Boolean patterns in microbiome and microbial gene composition data.

Virtually every biological system is governed by complex relations among its components. Identifying such relations requires a rigorous or heuristics-based search for patterns among variables/features of a system. Various algorithms have been developed to identify two-dimensional (involving two variables) patterns employing correlation, covariation, mutual information, etc.

Dose-Escalated Radiation Alone or in Combination With Short-Term Total Androgen Suppression for Intermediate-Risk Prostate Cancer: Patient-Reported Outcomes From NRG/Radiation Therapy Oncology Group 0815 Randomized Trial.

Purpose: To report patient-reported outcomes (PROs) of a phase III trial evaluating total androgen suppression (TAS) combined with dose-escalated radiation therapy (RT) for patients with intermediate-risk prostate cancer.

Methods: Patients with intermediate-risk prostate cancer were randomly assigned to dose-escalated RT alone (arm 1) or RT plus TAS (arm 2) consisting of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonist/antagonist with oral antiandrogen for 6 months. The primary PRO was the validated Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite (EPIC-50).

Detection of cerebral cortical vein thrombosis with high-resolution susceptibility weighted imaging - A comparison with MR venography and standard MR sequences.

Purpose: Comparison of the performance of high-resolution susceptibility weighted imaging with standard MR sequences and MR venography to identify cortical vein clots.

Methods: A retrospective review of 51 consecutive cases of cerebral venous thrombosis and 27 controls was performed with independent analysis of all MR sequences. Reference standard was obtained with consensus in a separate session by reviewing all MR sequences together.

Procedural sedation and analgesia versus nerve blocks for reduction of fractures and dislocations in the emergency department: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Procedural sedation and analgesia (PSA) and peripheral nerve blocks (NBs) are techniques to manage pain and facilitate reduction of dislocated joints or fractures. However, it is unclear if either approach provides any distinct advantage in the emergency department (ED). The aim of this systematic review is to compare these 2 techniques on pain scores, adverse events, patient satisfaction, and length of stay (LOS) in the ED.

SCN1B Genetic Variants: A Review of the Spectrum of Clinical Phenotypes and a Report of Early Myoclonic Encephalopathy.

Background: Pathogenic variants in SCN1B, the gene encoding voltage-gated sodium channel b1/b1B subunits are associated with a spectrum of epileptic disorders. This study describes a child with early myoclonic encephalopathy and a compound heterozygous variant in the SCN1B gene (p.Arg85Cys and c.

The clinical and prognostic significance of pre-chemotherapy serum CA-125 in high-risk early stage ovarian cancer: An NRG/GOG ancillary study.

Objectives: To determine the clinical and prognostic significance of CA-125 trends prior to, during, and after chemotherapy in high-risk early-stage epithelial ovarian cancer patients.

Methods: All patients were enrolled in a phase III randomized trial (GOG 157) following upfront surgery for grade 3 stage IA/IB, stage IC, or stage II disease, and had been treated with either three or six cycles of carboplatin/paclitaxel. Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazards model were used to evaluate recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS).

Rationale and Design for the Diabetes RElated to Acute Pancreatitis and Its Mechanisms Study: A Prospective Cohort Study From the Type 1 Diabetes in Acute Pancreatitis Consortium.

Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a disease characterized by an acute inflammatory phase followed by a convalescent phase. Diabetes mellitus (DM) was historically felt to be a transient phenomenon related to acute inflammation; however, it is increasingly recognized as an important late and chronic complication. There are several challenges that have prevented precisely determining the incidence rate of DM after AP and understanding the underlying mechanisms.

A Review of the Multi-Systemic Complications of a Ketogenic Diet in Children and Infants with Epilepsy.

Ketogenic diets (KDs) are highly effective in the treatment of epilepsy. However, numerous complications have been reported. During the initiation phase of the diet, common side effects include vomiting, hypoglycemia, metabolic acidosis and refusal of the diet.

High-resolution susceptibility-weighted imaging of clots in cerebral venous thrombosis.

Purpose: To distinguish cerebral venous clots from patent dural sinuses, cortical veins, and calvarium on high-resolution susceptibility-weighted imaging, since there is lack of a well-designed study in the literature.

Methods: A retrospective review of 51 consecutive cases and 27 controls was performed with susceptibility-weighted imaging independently by two investigators. MR venography along with MR sequences other than the susceptibility-weighted imaging served as the reference standard.

Achilles Tendon Ruptures and Repair in Athletes-a Review of Sports-Related Achilles Injuries and Return to Play.

Purpose Of Review: Achilles tendon ruptures (ATR) are detrimental to sports performance, and optimal treatment strategy and guidelines on return to play (RTP) remain controversial. This current review investigates the recent literature surrounding nonoperative versus operative management of ATR, clinical outcomes, and operative techniques to allow the athlete a successful return to their respective sport.

Recent Findings: The Achilles tendon (AT) is crucial to the athlete, as it is essential for explosive activities such as running and jumping.

Male-specific late effects in adult hematopoietic cell transplantation recipients: a systematic review from the Late Effects and Quality of Life Working Committee of the Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research and Transplant Complications Working Party of the European Society of Blood and Marrow Transplantation.

Male-specific late effects after hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) include genital chronic graft-versus-host disease (GvHD), hypogonadism, sexual dysfunction, infertility, and subsequent malignancies. They may be closely intertwined and cause prolonged morbidity and decreased quality of life after HCT. We provide a systematic review of male-specific late effects in a collaboration between transplant physicians, endocrinologists, urologists, dermatologists, and sexual health professionals through the Late Effects and Quality of Life Working Committee of the Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research, and the Transplant Complications Working Party of the European Society of Blood and Marrow Transplantation.

Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) use in Children with Epilepsy.

Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) use by the pediatric population with epilepsy in rural Pennsylvania was studied to characterize the prevalence, perceived effectiveness, and reasons for CAM use. This study additionally assessed the adequacy of parent-physician communication regarding CAM usage. A telephone survey was administered to 200 parents/caregivers of children with epilepsy followed at Hershey Medical Center.

A Pediatric Case of Sensory Predominant Guillain-Barré Syndrome Following COVID-19 Vaccination.

Over six billion doses of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines have been administered worldwide. Amidst the global COVID-19 vaccination campaign, vaccine-related side effects are of ongoing concern and investigation. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the United States Department of Health and Human Services, three main conditions in adults have surfaced in association with receiving the COVID-19 vaccines.

Multiplanar CT evaluation of aneurysm rupture signs in subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Purpose: In subarachnoid hemorrhage, noncontrast CT features are used to guide the localization of ruptured aneurysms on CT angiography and DSA. Multiplanar CT may improve the localization of aneurysm rupture sites over axial plane CT alone.

Methods: Multiplanar CT in three orthogonal planes was used to evaluate 94 cases of SAH.

Male-Specific Late Effects in Adult Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation Recipients: A Systematic Review from the Late Effects and Quality of Life Working Committee of the Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research and Transplant Complications Working Party of the European Society of Blood and Marrow Transplantation.

Male-specific late effects after hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) include genital chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), hypogonadism, sexual dysfunction, infertility, and subsequent malignancies, such as prostate, penile, and testicular cancer. These effects may be closely intertwined and cause prolonged morbidity and decreased quality of life after HCT. Here we provide a systematic review of male-specific late effects in a collaboration among transplantation physicians, endocrinologists, urologists, dermatologists, and sexual health professionals through the Late Effects and Quality of Life Working Committee of the Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research and the Transplant Complications Working Party of the European Society of Blood and Marrow Transplantation.

Focal Prostate Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy With Correlative Pathological and Radiographic-Based Treatment Planning.

Introduction: Advances in multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) combining anatomic and functional imaging can accurately identify foci of adenocarcinoma within the prostate, offering the possibility of partial gland therapy. We performed tandem prospective pilot trials to investigate the feasibility of focal prostate SBRT (f-SBRT) based on correlating diagnostic mpMRI and biopsies with confirmatory pathology in treatment planning.

Materials And Methods: Patients with pathologic focal Gleason 6-7 disease and a corresponding PIRADS 4-5 lesion on mpMRI underwent targeted and comprehensive biopsies using MRI/ultrasound fusion under electromagnetic sensor navigation.

Intolerance of Uncertainty and Health-Related Anxiety in Youth amid the COVID-19 Pandemic: Understanding and Weathering the Continuing Storm.

The COVID-19 pandemic is a public health crisis that continues to impact individuals worldwide. While children may be less susceptible to severe medical complications, they are nonetheless vulnerable to stress and anxiety associated with the pandemic. However, current understanding of psychological functioning and potential strategies to mitigate distress amid a pandemic is naturally limited.

Radiogenomics of Gliomas.

The 2016 World Health Organization brain tumor classification is based on genomic and molecular profile of tumor tissue. These characteristics have improved understanding of the brain tumor and played an important role in treatment planning and prognostication. There is an ongoing effort to develop noninvasive imaging techniques that provide insight into tissue characteristics at the cellular and molecular levels.