Resilience in Families of Autistic Children and Children With Intellectual Disability During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Resilience in families of autistic children and children with intellectual disability is associated with factors such as family functioning, social support, and financial strain. Little is known about family resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic when many resources were limited. This study examined the association of family resilience with child characteristics, family resources, and socioecological factors during the pandemic.

Long-Term Care Needs Assessment: From Frameworks to Practice.

Objectives: Identify and describe instruments used by countries to perform functional ability assessment as eligibility for their long-term care systems and compare them to existing healthy aging frameworks proposed by the World Health Organization (intrinsic capacity and functionality).

Design: Descriptive, case studies.

Setting And Participants: Country-level long-term care systems in 27 countries.

Quality-of-life measurement in randomised controlled trials of mental health interventions for autistic adults: A systematic review.

Autistic people are more likely to have health problems than the general population. They, and people who care about them, have said mental health research is very important, and some autistic adults have said quality of life is the most helpful area to research when focusing on mental health. Autistic people should also be more deeply involved in making decisions in research.

Comparing Cost and Acceptability of Two Instruments to Measure Instrumental Activities of Daily Living in Older People in Chile.

Introduction: Population aging and increasing long-term care needs call for designing and implementing better tools for assessing functional ability. In Chile, the Lawton and Brody (L&B) scale is used for identifying limitations with instrumental activities. This study compared the costs and acceptability of the L&B with a new instrument to measure instrumental activities of daily living (IADL): the Instrument for the Assessment of Functionality Stages (Instrumento de Evaluación de Estadios de Funcionalidad; IDEEF).

The public health challenges of female migration: the Venezuelan diaspora in Andean countries.

Background: Venezuelan migration has experienced an unprecedented increase in the last decade, with approximately 7.7 million Venezuelan-born individuals residing in other countries as of 2024. Our study aims to identify the potential and actual demand for healthcare services (SRH) in the Venezuelan diaspora's four primary destinations within the Andean Countries: Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Chile.

Effects of Anxiety, Stress and Perceived Social Support on Depression and Loneliness Among Older People During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Path Analysis.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, older people were exposed to high levels of anxiety and stress leading to loneliness and depressive disorders. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of anxiety, positive coping, perceived social support, and perceived stress on depression and loneliness among older people during the COVID-19 pandemic. This was a cross-sectional online/telephone survey.

The Case for Universal Long-Term Care.

Long-term care (LTC) is one of the most pressing public policy challenges today. Implementing policies to meet the population's demands becomes relevant in many countries, particularly in a context of rapid population aging. Both the technical complexities and the financial burden of implementing LTC policies discourage policy makers' actions in this area.

The impact of COVID-19 on deaths from dementia and Alzheimer's disease in Chile: an analysis of panel data for 16 regions, 2017-2022.

Background: Although several studies have documented the detrimental impacts of global COVID-19 containment measures on individuals with Alzheimer's disease and dementia, a comprehensive analysis of mortality rates for these conditions within the Chilean population is notably lacking. This study aimed to analyze the impact of COVID-19 on mortality rates among individuals with dementia and Alzheimer's disease in Chile.

Methods: A retrospective longitudinal cross-sectional study was conducted, considering mortality data for specific mental health conditions during the pre-pandemic and pandemic contexts of COVID-19 in Chile.

Ethical issues in research with second victims: A scoping review.

Background: Second victim is the name given to the healthcare personnel-most often a nursing professional-involved with the error that led to the adverse event to a patient and who, as a result, have experienced negative psychological effects. Research with second victims has increased over the years, however concerns exist with regards to the ethical risks imposed upon these individuals.

Aim: To explore the extent to which research with second victims of adverse events in healthcare settings adhere to ethical requirements.

Gender differences in life expectancy free of depressive symptoms in Chile between 2003 and 2016.

The aim of the study was to analyze gender differences in life expectancy free of depressive symptoms among the adult population in Chile between 2003 and 2016. The Sullivan method was used to estimate the total and marginal life expectancy, based on prevalence data from the National Health Survey (2003, 2010 and 2016), and abridged life tables for the Chilean population. There was a compression of morbidity among middle-aged men during the first period and among younger and older women during the last one.

Predictive ability of both the healthy aging index and the frailty index for all-cause mortality.

Aim: We aimed to develop and assess a modified healthy aging index (HAI) among Chileans aged 60 years and older and compare its predictive ability for all-cause mortality risk with the frailty index (FI).

Methods: This prospective study analyzed data from the Chilean National Health Survey (CNHS) conducted in 2009-2010. We included 847 adults with complete data to construct the HAI and FI.

Spectralities of ADHD: hauntological diagnosis amidst agency, politics and pedagogies.

Hauntology has become an increasingly alluring concept in social sciences to reflect upon everyday life and how subjects dwell upon scenarios pervaded not only by the potency of the actual but also the haunting of the past and the virtual. Drawing on the concept of 'hauntology', we inquire about recurring temporalities and spectrality themes concerning the 'controversial' diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in Chile. Using participant observation and in-depth interviews with health practitioners, teachers, school staff, diagnosed children, and their peers from 3-year-long research, we examine how the performance of the diagnosis by clinicians at times can produce a modification of the temporality of the diagnosed children from that moment forth.

Multidimensional Frailty, Quality of Life and Self-Management in Aging Hispanics Living With HIV.

An observational cross-sectional study was conducted to examine multidimensional frailty and its potential impact on quality of life (QOL) in aging Hispanic people living with HIV (PLWH) and assess the extent to which HIV self-management moderates this association. The sample included 120 Hispanic PLWH aged 50 years and older ( = 59.11; = 7.

BENDI: Improving Cognitive Assessments in Toddlers and Children with Down Syndrome Using Stealth Assessment.

Cognitive assessment is a fundamental step in diagnosing intellectual and developmental disabilities, designing interventions, and evaluating their impact. However, developed and developing countries have different access to tools designed for these purposes. Our goal was to develop a battery for cognitive assessment mediated by digital technology that allows the exploration of cognitive domains (inhibitory control, attention, motor ability, and context memory) in children with Down Syndrome (DS) in Chile.

COVID-19's impact on worker stress in human service organizations: The mediating role of inclusion.

Human service organizations faced extraordinary challenges due to COVID-19. Despite the increasing interest and research in this new scenario, there has been limited discussion about the impact of COVID-19 on workers, the challenges they faced, and the resulting stress. This study aimed to analyze the impact of COVID-19 on work-related stress and the mediating role of inclusion among workers in human service organizations in Chile during the pandemic.

Quality of life of family carers of people living with dementia: review of systematic reviews of observational and intervention studies.

Introduction: Family members are the primary source of support for the growing number of people living with dementia (PLWD) worldwide. However, caring for a person living with dementia can have detrimental impacts on the carer quality of life (QoL). This review of systematic reviews explored the factors associated with the QoL of family carers of PLWD and interventions aimed at improving their QoL.

Predictors of Unmet Needs in Chilean Older People with Dependency: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Approximately one in five Chilean older adults has some degree of dependency. Limited evidence is available on self-perceived needs in Latin-American older people. The main aim of this study was to identify predictors of unmet needs of dependent older persons without cognitive impairment, considering personal and primary informal caregivers' factors.

Human Resources for Care in Latin America and the Caribbean: Current Needs and Future Demands.

Objectives: To estimate the current gap and the necessary supply of human resources for care (HRC) for older people experiencing severe care dependence in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC).

Design: Simulation study using previous estimations of severe care dependence for LAC countries.

Setting And Participants: Older people (aged 65+) experiencing severe care dependence in 26 countries of LAC.

Who cares for the carer? Codesigning a carer health and wellbeing clinic for older care partners of older people in Australia.

Introduction: Older carers or 'care partners' of older people experiencing care needs often provide essential support, at times while neglecting their own health and well-being. This is an increasingly frequent scenario due to both demographic changes and policy shifts towards ageing in place. Multiple community stakeholders within the care and support ecosystem hold valuable expertise about the needs of older care partners, and the programme and policy responses that may better support their health and well-being.

The development and validation of the Discrimination and Stigma Scale Ultra Short for People Living with Dementia (DISCUS-Dementia).

Background: The recent World Health Organization (WHO) blueprint for dementia research and Lancet Commission on ending stigma and discrimination in mental health has identified a gap around dementia-related measures of stigma and discrimination that can be used in different cultural, language and regional contexts.

Aims: We aimed to characterise experiences of discrimination, and report initial psychometric properties of a new tool to capture these experiences, among a global sample of people living with dementia.

Method: We analysed data from 704 people living with dementia who took part in a global survey from 33 different countries and territories.

Accessing Dementia Care in Brazil: An Analysis of Case Vignettes.

Background And Objectives: Despite the rapid increase in the number of people living with dementia in Brazil, dementia care is limited. This study describes how people living with dementia and their carers access care, treatment, and support, and identifies what characteristics are likely to enable or prevent access.

Research Design And Methods: We created 10 vignettes to illustrate fictitious but realistic scenarios involving people living with dementia in Brazil.

The association of hearing loss with depressive symptoms and cognitive function among older people: Results from the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Aging.

Objectives: Hearing loss, depression, and cognitive decline are common among older people. We investigated the association of hearing loss with depressive symptoms and cognitive function in a nationally representative sample of people aged 50+ in Brazil.

Methods: Data from the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Aging (ELSI-Brazil) included information on self-reported hearing loss, hearing aid use (effective or not effective), depressive symptoms (CES-D-8), and a global cognitive score (composed of immediate and late recall, verbal fluency, orientation and prospective memory) in a sample of 9412 individuals.

Long-term functional ability trajectories and mental health among older people before and after the COVID-19 pandemic onset in Chile.

Objectives: Despite the advances in understanding the complex association between functional abilities and mental health in old age, studies have overlooked two important aspects. First, traditionally, research has employed cross-sectional designs, measuring limitations at a single time point. Second, most gerontological studies on this field have been conducted before the COVID-19 pandemic onset.