Increased interest with the introduction of fast-track diagnostic pathway is associated with the regionally increased frequency of giant cell arteritis in Poland: a study based on POLVAS registry data.

Slavic populations, such as those in Poland, are considered to have a low prevalence of giant cell arteritis (GCA), although epidemiological data are sparse. The study aimed to compare the reported frequency of GCA in various regions of Poland and analyze the differences between them. We conducted a multicenter, retrospective study of all GCA patients included in the POLVAS registry-the first large multicenter database of patients with vasculitis in Poland.

Increasing neurologically intact survival after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest among elderly: Singapore Experience.

Objectives: With more elderly presenting with Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrests (OHCAs) globally, neurologically intact survival (NIS) should be the aim of resuscitation. We aimed to study the trend of OHCA amongst elderly in a large Asian registry to identify if age is independently associated with NIS and factors associated with NIS.

Methods: All adult OHCAs aged ≥18 years attended by emergency medical services (EMS) from April 2010 to December 2019 in Singapore was extracted from the Pan-Asian Resuscitation Outcomes Study (PAROS) registry.

Temporal trends in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest with an initial non-shockable rhythm in Singapore.

Aim: Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) with an initial non-shockable rhythm is the predominant form of OHCA in adults. We evaluated its 10-year trends in epidemiology and management in Singapore.

Methods: Using the national OHCA registry we studied the trends of 20,844 Emergency Medical Services-attended adult OHCA from April 2010 to December 2019.

Camillo Golgi's Impact on Malaria Studies.

Camillo Golgi was an esteemed Italian physician and biologist who made major advances in malaria research between the late 19th and early 20th centuries. His groundbreaking contributions in histology, especially through the development of the Golgi staining technique, revolutionized our understanding of cell structures-including parasites-through visualization. Golgi staining also allowed researchers to observe its complex life cycle while documenting it.

Preclinical EIS Study of the Inflammatory Response Evolution of Pure Titanium Implant in Hank's Biological Solution.

Pure titanium (Ti) is investigated in a pre-clinical study in Hank's biological solution using electrochemical methods, open circuit potential, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy to highlight the time effect in extreme body conditions, such as inflammatory diseases, on degradability due to corrosion processes occurring on the titanium implant. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) data are presented as Nyquist and Bode plots. The results show the increasing reactivity of titanium implants in the presence of hydrogen peroxide, which is an oxygen-reactive compound that describes inflammatory conditions.

Higher order aberrations and visual function in a young Asian population of high myopes.

Purpose: To examine the associations between higher order aberrations (HOAs), visual performance, demographics, and ocular characteristics in a young Asian population with high myopia.

Methods: This was a retrospective review of military pre-enlistees conducted between March 2014 to September 2018. Visual acuity and contrast sensitivity were tested under photopic, mesopic and simulated night conditions.

A Systematic Implementation of Telemedicine in Singapore's COVID-19 Community Recovery Facilities.

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Association of SNTB1 with High Myopia.

Purpose: To investigate the associations of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) in the SNTB1 gene with high myopia in a Han Chinese population.

Materials And Methods: Based on previous studies, four SNPs from the SNTB1 gene were chosen for genotyping. This is a case-control genetic association study comprising 193 high myopia participants and 135 normal emmetropic controls from a Han Chinese population.

Correlation of myopia severity with visual performance.

Purpose: To describe visual performance in high myopia.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 148 emmetropes [spherical equivalent (SE) - 0.50 to + 1.

Refractive outcomes, corneal haze and endothelial cell loss after myopic photorefractive keratectomy in an Asian population: The Singapore Armed Forces' experience.

Importance: This study reports outcomes of myopic photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) in a mainly ethnic Chinese population in Singapore.

Background: To assess the incidence and associations of corneal haze and endothelial cell count (ECC) loss up to 12 months after PRK.

Design: This was a retrospective case series conducted in a tertiary eye centre.

National Tobacco Control Policies from the Perspectives of Singapore Young Male Adults.

Between 2016 and 2018, tobacco control legislation has undergone several amendments to further restrict tobacco use in Singapore. This study explored the attitudes toward these policy changes and the perceived effectiveness of legislations from the perspectives of young male adults in Singapore. Twenty-nine semi-structured telephone interviews were conducted among young male adults who have completed their National Service in 2017/18 and self-reported as a smoker at pre-enlistment screening.

Clinical characteristics of Polish patients with ANCA-associated vasculitides-retrospective analysis of POLVAS registry.

Objective: Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitides (AAV) are rare small to medium-size vessel systemic diseases. As their clinical picture, organ involvement, and factors influencing outcome may differ between countries and geographical areas, we decided to describe a large cohort of Polish AAV patients coming from several referral centers-members of the Scientific Consortium of the Polish Vasculitis Registry (POLVAS).

Methods: We conducted a systematic multicenter retrospective study of adult patients diagnosed with AAV between Jan 1990 and Dec 2016 to analyze their clinical picture, organ involvement, and factors influencing outcome.

Peripheral retinal changes in highly myopic young Asian eyes.

Purpose: To determine the type and prevalence of peripheral retinal changes and its relationship with axial length (AL) in a population of young Asian adult males.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of male subjects aged between 19 and 25 years old. High myopes [spherical equivalent refraction, (SER) < -6.

Incision-sparing management of canaliculitis: an efficacious alternative to surgical management.

Objective: The aim of this study was to describe the outcomes of conservative (punctal dilation, manual expression, microcurettage, and canalicular irrigation with antibiotics) and surgical (punctoplasty) modalities for the management of canaliculitis in an Asian population.

Methods: The medical records of 11 consecutive patients (12 eyes) presenting with canaliculitis to one surgeon from August 2010 to January 2014 were reviewed. The clinical presentation, findings, management, microbiology, and treatment outcomes were studied.

Relationship between Myopia Severity and Macular Retinal Thickness on Visual Performance under Different Lighting Conditions.

Objective: To evaluate the relationship between both spherical equivalent (SE) and retinal thickness (RT) on best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) among young Asian adult men under photopic, mesopic, and simulated night-vision goggle (NVG) lighting conditions.

Design: Community-based cross-sectional study.

Participants: Total of 698 myopic and 148 emmetropic subjects.

The Effect of a Diving Mask on Intraocular Pressure in a Healthy Population.

Purpose: Swimming goggles increase the intraocular pressure (IOP) via the periorbital frame pressure and suction effect. In comparison, diving masks have a larger frame rim and incorporate the nose. The exact effect(s) of diving masks on IOP is unknown.

Surgical injury-induced early neocortical microvascular changes and characteristics of the cells populating the peri-lesion zone.

Adult mammalian brain contains a number of specialized neurovascular structures termed "niches" that act as sources of neuronal cells throughout the individual's life. Some of the niches generate neurons to satisfy the need for 'replacement' neurons within the same or closely located brain structures, whereas the other can provide such cells for more distant destinations in the brain. A common characteristic of known neurovascular niches is the presence of a complex 3-dimensional network of basal lamina processes, called fractones.

Risk factors for early-onset corneal haze after photorefractive keratectomy in an Asian population: Outcomes from the Singapore Armed Forces Corneal Refractive Surgery Programme 2006 to 2013.

Purpose: To assess the incidence and risk factors for early corneal haze after myopic photorefractive keratectomy (PRK).

Setting: Tertiary eye center, Singapore.

Design: Retrospective case series.

Myopic Maculopathy and Optic Disc Changes in Highly Myopic Young Asian Eyes and Impact on Visual Acuity.

Purpose: To determine the prevalence and risk factors of myopic maculopathy and specific optic disc and macular changes in highly myopic eyes of young Asian adults and their impact on visual acuity.

Design: Prospective cross-sectional study.

Methods: In total, 593 highly myopic (spherical equivalent refraction [SER] less than -6.

A Review of Eyelid Margin Malpositions: A Unique Spectrum in a South-East Asian Tertiary Hospital.

Purpose: Due to the anatomical differences between the Asian and non-Asian eyelid, the authors hypothesize a different spectrum of eyelid margin malposition conditions seen in Singapore as compared with a predominant Caucasian population. The purpose of the study is to describe the spectrum of eyelid margin malpositions that were operated in a South-East Asian Tertiary Hospital.

Methods: Retrospective study involving all patients who required surgery for eyelid margin malpositions over a 2-year period.

Case report of optic disc drusen with simultaneous peripapillary subretinal hemorrhage and central retinal vein occlusion.

A 52-year-old Chinese gentleman presented with right eye floaters and photopsia over one week. His visual acuities were 20/20 bilaterally. Posterior segment examination showed a right eye swollen optic disc and central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) associated with an area of subretinal hemorrhage adjacent to the optic disc.