Differential Effects of Extracellular Vesicles from Two Different Glioblastomas on Normal Human Brain Cells.

Glioblastomas (GBMs) are dreadful brain tumors with abysmal survival outcomes. GBM extracellular vesicles (EVs) dramatically affect normal brain cells (largely astrocytes) constituting the tumor microenvironment (TME). We asked if EVs from different GBM patient-derived spheroid lines would differentially alter recipient brain cell phenotypes.

Extracorporeal shock wave therapy shows comparative results with other modalities for the management of plantar fasciitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Plantar fasciitis (PF) is one of the most common causes of heel pain. With its treatment being mainly conservative, a lot of controversy surrounds the choice of the best conservative management for this entity. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to compare the effectiveness of extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) to other conservative treatment options for the management of plantar fasciitis PF.

Social determinants of health and mild cognitive impairment in a diverse community sample.

Background: The associations between community-wide social determinants of health and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) among individuals warrant investigation.

Methods: Among 2830 dementia-free individuals aged 65+ years in a community-based US study, we examined cross-sectional associations of MCI (Clinical Dementia Rating = 0.5) with the following potential social determinants of health: at the census tract or block group level obtained from public sources: neighborhood disadvantage (Area Deprivation Index, ADI), air pollution with fine particulate matter (PM), greenspace, Walkability Index, ambulatory healthcare availability per square mile, homicide rate; and at the individual participant level, birth/schooling in a southern US state.

Are There Differences in Short-Term Postoperative Outcomes Among Surgical Subspecialists Performing Lower Extremity Flap Procedures? A National Surgical Quality Improvement Project (NSQIP) Analysis of 1324 Patients.

Soft tissue flaps are an integral and versatile tool to help manage soft tissue defects of varying severities. These complex procedures can be done by a variety of specialties and can lead to a variety of postoperative complications. Locoregional flaps are the middle rung of the reconstructive ladder and can be performed by surgeons of various training pathways.

How Canines Can Assist Our Patients with Diabetes: Diabetes Alert Dogs: What Are Their Capabilities?

Background: The canine olfactory system is used for tasks that greatly aid society, such as detecting explosives, finding lost persons, and detecting many diseases and abnormal blood sugar levels early. However, the reliability of detection of glycemic fluctuations is questionable.

Methods: We reviewed the literature on the capability of canines in detecting significant variations in blood sugar.

Efficacy and Safety of Sovateltide in Patients with Acute Cerebral Ischaemic Stroke: A Randomised, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Multicentre, Phase III Clinical Trial.

Background And Objectives: Sovateltide (Tycamzzi™), an endothelin-B (ET-B) receptor agonist, increases cerebral blood flow, has anti-apoptotic activity, and promotes neural repair following cerebral ischaemic stroke. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the efficacy and safety of sovateltide in adult participants with acute cerebral ischaemic stroke.

Methods: This was a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre, Phase III clinical trial of sovateltide in participants with cerebral ischaemic stroke receiving standard of care (SOC) in India.

Tail Tales: What We Have Learned About Regeneration from Xenopus Laevis Tadpoles.

This review explores the regenerative capacity of , focusing on tail regeneration, as a model to uncover cellular, molecular, and developmental mechanisms underlying tissue repair. tadpoles provide unique insights into regenerative biology due to their regeneration-competent and -incompetent stages and ability to regrow complex structures in the tail, including the spinal cord, muscle, and skin, after amputation. The review delves into the roles of key signaling pathways, such as those involving reactive oxygen species (ROS) and signaling molecules like BMPs and FGFs, in orchestrating cellular responses during regeneration.

Allergic Contact Dermatitis Associated With Men's Personal Care Products: A Review of Allergens.

Personal care product usage is becoming increasingly prevalent among men due to evolving attitudes surrounding appearance, aging, and masculinity. Given the specific characteristics of male skin compared with female skin and varying product use between males and females, the occurrence of allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) due to men's personal care products needs to be better characterized. The purpose of this review was to identify specific product types and ingredients causing ACD in males.

Veterinarian Use of and Sentiment Regarding Standard of Care for Feline Ovarian Pedicle Tie.

Ligation of the feline ovarian pedicle is commonly performed via autoligation ("pedicle tie") by high-quality high-volume surgeons. It is not commonly taught in veterinary school, resulting in general practice veterinarians who are not comfortable with the technique, despite being faster than double ligation with suture, having very low risk of hemorrhage-related complications, and no increased risk for student surgeons. This study aimed to determine the use of and opinions regarding standard of care (SOC) related to the pedicle tie for feline ovariohysterectomy.

Exploring the Benefits of Stroboscopic Technology and Guided Visualization in Teaching Suturing Techniques to Veterinary Medicine Students.

Suturing is widely regarded to be a core competency of veterinary education. With curricular requirements expanding, training interventions that improve students' suturing skills without added time would be valuable. This study evaluated the effects of stroboscopic visual resistance training, a technique using intermittent occlusion of vision, and guided visualization on suturing technique and speed.

Bleaching Gels and Light-Emitting Diodes: Comparison of Tooth Color Change.

Objectives: To measure difference in tooth shade and color achieved via two different over-the-counter bleaching agents with and without their associated light-emitting diodes (LEDs).

Methods: A total of 84 extracted human anterior teeth were randomly divided into seven groups. Gypsum models were made with 6 extracted teeth in an arch form (n = 12; 2 arches/group).

Cervical Laminoplasty is Associated With Lower Health Care Costs as Compared With Cervical Fusion Procedures: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Comparative Studies.

Study Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to examine the cost of CLP versus CF stratified by approach to guide decision-making.

Summary Of Background Data: Cervical laminoplasty (CLP) and cervical fusion (CF) are viable alternatives for surgical management of cervical spine myelopathy, with no clear consensus on clinical superiority.

Apoptosis is increased in cortical neurons of female Marfan Syndrome mice.

Marfan Syndrome (MFS) is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder that affects connective tissue throughout the body due to mutations in the gene. Individuals with MFS display symptoms in different organs, particularly in the vasculature, but the mechanisms of this multi-system dysfunction are still under investigation. There is still a gap in our understanding of the impact of monogenic connective tissue aberrations on the brain.

Pediatric Dentists' Practice Patterns in the Screening, Diagnosis, and Management of Temporomandibular Disorders.

Background/objectives: Pain associated with temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) is the main non-odontogenic cause of orofacial pain among youth. Pediatric dentists are often the first healthcare practitioners to perform a comprehensive oral examination in children, which should include evaluation of the temporomandibular joint, masticatory muscles, and surrounding structures for signs and/or symptoms of TMD. This study assessed pediatric dentists' practice patterns in the screening, diagnosis, and management of TMD.

Sexual Dimorphism in Impairment of Acetylcholine-Mediated Vasorelaxation in Zucker Diabetic Fatty (ZDF) Rat Aorta: A Monogenic Model of Obesity-Induced Type 2 Diabetes.

Several reports, including our previous studies, indicate that hyperglycemia and diabetes mellitus exert differential effects on vascular function in males and females. This study examines sex differences in the vascular effects of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in an established monogenic model of obesity-induced T2D, Zucker Diabetic Fatty (ZDF) rats. Acetylcholine (ACh) responses were assessed in phenylephrine pre-contracted rings before and after apocynin, a NADPH oxidase (NOX) inhibitor.

Maternal Dietary Deficiencies in Folic Acid and Choline Change Metabolites Levels in Offspring after Ischemic Stroke.

: Ischemic stroke is a major health concern, and nutrition is a modifiable risk factor that can influence recovery outcomes. This study investigated the impact of maternal dietary deficiencies in folic acid (FADD) or choline (ChDD) on the metabolite profiles of offspring after ischemic stroke. : A total of 32 mice (17 males and 15 females) were used to analyze sex-specific differences in response to these deficiencies.

A Review of Survey Instruments and Pharmacy Student Outcomes for Stress, Burnout, Depression and Anxiety.

While the need to measure burnout, stress and mental health among pharmacy students has been emphasized in the literature, there is limited information on which validated scales should be used. The objective of this scoping review was to identify published studies that used validated scales for burnout, stress and mental health among pharmacy students to provide recommendations for implementation at schools/colleges of pharmacy. Thirty-two out of 153 articles published in the United States from 1 January 2000 to 30 September 2022 were included and categorized into studies measuring stress (20), burnout (4) and depression/anxiety (8).

Activity of Organoboron Compounds against Biofilm-Forming Pathogens.

Bacteria have evolved and continue to change in response to environmental stressors including antibiotics. Antibiotic resistance and the ability to form biofilms are inextricably linked, requiring the continuous search for alternative compounds to antibiotics that affect biofilm formation. One of the latest drug classes is boron-containing compounds.