Wyburn-Mason disease: Management of a Spetzler-Martin grade 5 arteriovenous malformation with predominant thalamic involvement.

Wyburn-Mason disease (WMD) is a rare congenital phakomatosis known for its complex arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) predominantly affecting the brain and ocular structures. We present the case of a 19-year-old female with an unruptured Spetzler-Martin grade 5 left thalamic AVM, who initially exhibited progressive visual impairment and migraines. Following diagnosis, she was treated with trametinib, a MEK inhibitor; however, nine months later, she developed acute complications, including left monocular blindness and right hemisensory loss.

A valid novel ground reaction force distribution algorithm to determine midfoot kinetics of gait with a single force plate.

Background: Understanding midfoot joint kinetics is valuable for improved treatment of foot pathologies. Segmental foot kinetics cannot currently be obtained in a standard gait lab without the use of multiple force plates or a pedobarographic plate overlaid with a force plate due to the single ground reaction force (GRF) vector.

Research Question: Can an algorithm be created to distribute the GRF into multiple segmental vectors that will allow for calculation of accurate midfoot and ankle moments?

Methods: 20 pediatric subjects (10 typically developing, 10 with foot pathology) underwent multi-segment foot gait analysis using the Milwaukee Foot Model.

Does enteral nutrition protect against stress ulceration in the critically ill?

Purpose Of Review: Critically ill patients are at risk of gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) due to stress ulceration. Strategies to reduce the risk include administration of prophylactic ulcer healing medications. Enteral nutrition (EN) may be favourably associated with GIB risks.

Scrolling to Success: Leveraging Social Media to Highlight Wellness Culture in Orthopedic Surgery Residency Programs.

Background Burnout, characterized by emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and reduced personal accomplishment, profoundly affects interprofessional collaboration. Despite rising burnout rates, there is a paucity of research regarding the use of social media to support wellness culture, particularly among orthopedic surgery residents. Methods A list of all US orthopedic surgery residency programs was compiled through the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) and associated social media accounts were identified.

2024 analysis of compensation, job duties, and benefits among US shelter medicine veterinarians.

Objective: To understand the salary, benefits, hours, and job duties of shelter medicine veterinarians.

Methods: Similar to a 2018 survey, an anonymous survey on compensation and duties of shelter medicine veterinarians was conducted via a commercial platform from January 4 to 31, 2024. The survey was distributed through social media, message boards, and specialty listservs.

Infrastructure and resourcing of diversity, equity, inclusion, and accessibility initiatives across US pharmacy schools.

Objectives: This study assesses the infrastructure and resources surrounding diversity, equity, inclusion, and accessibility (DEIA) efforts in pharmacy education. The objectives were to investigate leadership roles and qualifications, resource commitment, challenges faced, and proudest accomplishments related to DEIA initiatives in colleges and schools of pharmacy.

Methods: A 27-question survey was distributed to CEO deans of US colleges and schools of pharmacy.

California mice (Peromyscus californicus) adjust mouth movements for vocal production during early postnatal development.

Background: The order Rodentia is the largest group of mammals. Diversification of vocal communication has contributed to rodent radiation and allowed them to occupy diverse habitats and adopt different social systems. The mechanism by which efficient vocal sounds, which carry over surprisingly large distances, are generated is incompletely understood.

Polymorphisms in nanog are associated with oral leukoplakia: case-control study.

To investigate the association of NANOG polymorphisms with oral leukoplakia. In this case-control study, 68 cases of oral leukoplakia, and 21 of normal oral mucosa (control) were submitted to genotyping of tagSNPs polymorphisms: rs877716 and rs10845877 in NANOG, through real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Pearson's chi-squared and Fisher's exact statistical tests were used, with a significance of 5%.

Deleterious impacts of Western diet on jejunum function and health are reversible.

The goal of this study was to determine whether the influence of a high-fat high-sugar diet (Western diet) on intestinal function and health was reversible. We measured transepithelial short circuit current (), across freshly isolated segments of jejunum from male C57Bl/6J mice randomly assigned to one of the following groups for the study duration: high-fat high-sugar diet for 24 wk (HFHS), HFHS diet for 12 wk then switched to standard chow and water for a further 12 wk (Std), and lean controls (standard chow and water for 24 wk). At the completion of the study, segments of jejunum were frozen for Western blot determination of key proteins involved in secretory and absorptive functions, as well as senescence.

Near-infrared imaging retinal diagnostic applications-a review.

Objective: Near-infrared reflectance (NIR) is a commonly performed noncontact and rapid imaging technique. This paper reviews the clinical applications of NIR for diagnosing and monitoring retinal diseases.

Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted across the Pubmed database.

Effects of Stigmatizing Language on Trainees' Clinical Decision-Making in Substance Use Disorders: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objectives: Substance use disorder (SUD) continues to be one of the most stigmatized and under-treated conditions in the United States. Stigmatizing language used by healthcare workers can transmit bias to others within healthcare, including medical trainees. This study investigates how stigmatizing language and undergraduate medical education (UME) curricula may influence trainees' clinical decision-making for patients with SUD.

Impact of Medical Improvisation on Therapeutic Use of Self: A Randomized Controlled Waitlist Study.

Importance: The application of interpersonal skills is considered therapeutic use of self, a pillar of occupational therapy practice, and a required competency for occupational therapy education (American Occupational Therapy Association [AOTA], 2020). Medical improvisation (medical improv) uses the principles of improvisational theater to enhance professional competencies and shows promising results in health professions education (Gao et al., 2019).

Implications of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Geriatric Patients With Pseudodementia.

This report discusses the case of a female in her 80s with treatment-resistant depression and increasing cognitive decline in recent years. The patient had performed normally on mini-mental status exams (MMSE), had unremarkable CT scans, and been diagnosed with pseudodementia. She had been referred to psychiatry and received multiple courses of different antidepressants and mood-stabilizing medications.

Low Middle Income Countries and Academic Productivity of Neurosurgery: A Quantitative Analysis From Pakistan.

Neurosurgical training and practice rely heavily on research, which is a pivotal marker of academic productivity. This study investigates the current landscape of neurosurgery publications originating from Pakistan, encompassing overall research output, prevalent topics, and disparities across institutions and regions. Electronic databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and ScienceDirect, were systematically searched up to November 1, 2023, using specified keywords.

Human body donation programs best practices and recommended standards: A task force report from the American Association for Anatomy.

The American Association for Anatomy recently charged a task force with updating and expanding upon best practices and recommendations for human body donation programs. The task force comprised American Association for Anatomy members with specific and detailed knowledge about the legal, ethical, and procedural operations of body donation programs in the United States. The task force developed both foundational and aspirational recommendations.

Genetic Manipulation of Caveolin-1 in a Transgenic Mouse Model of Aortic Root Aneurysm: Sex-Dependent Effects on Endothelial and Smooth Muscle Function.

Marfan syndrome (MFS) is a systemic connective tissue disorder stemming from mutations in the gene encoding Fibrillin-1 (Fbn1), a key extracellular matrix glycoprotein. This condition manifests with various clinical features, the most critical of which is the formation of aortic root aneurysms. Reduced nitric oxide (NO) production due to diminished endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) activity has been linked to MFS aortic aneurysm pathology.

Compare and Contrast of the Cellular Actions of Related Flavonoids, Apigenin and Chrysin.

In this review, we provide an evidence-based approach to determine the cellular and systemic actions of two structurally similar flavonoids, apigenin and chrysin. We have clearly evaluated and charted the overlapping and diverging properties of these two sister flavonoids. Based on two separate Omics-based approaches by our group and independent reports from others, the cholesterol-lowering properties have been revealed.

COEPA ready: Innovative pedagogy for integrating social determinants of health in PharmD curricula.

Background: The American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy Curriculum Outcomes and Entrustable Professional Activities (COEPA) recognize the need for social determinants of health (SDH) education for pharmacy learners. However, there is a dearth of published strategies for incorporating comprehensive SDH education in Doctor of Pharmacy curricula. The objectives of this study were to: 1) highlight unpublished exemplars of SDH teaching models and 2) propose strategies for teaching SDH.