Biomechanical Outcomes of Glenoid Bone Graft Fixation Techniques: A Systematic Review.

Background: The Latarjet and other bony augmentation procedures are commonly used to treat anterior shoulder instability in the setting of significant glenoid bone loss. Although several fixation strategies have been reported, the biomechanical strength of these techniques remains poorly understood.

Purpose: To perform a systematic review of the biomechanical strength of glenoid bony augmentation procedures for anterior shoulder instability.

No Association Between Donor Variables and Clinically Significant Outcomes, Reoperations, and Failure After Osteochondral Allograft Transplantation.

Background: Mismatch between osteochondral allograft (OCA) donor and recipient sex has been shown to negatively affect outcomes. This study accounts for additional donor variables and clinically relevant outcomes.

Purpose: To evaluate whether donor sex, age, donor-recipient sex mismatch, and duration of graft storage affect clinical outcomes and failure rates after knee OCA transplantation.

A Biokinetic Approach in Primary Knee Osteoarthritis Prevention and Management - Exploring Movement Profiles and Kinetic Chain Interactions: Current Concepts.

Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic disease characterized by increasing prevalence and significant physical, psychological, and economic burdens. Despite extensive research, the definition, risk factors, and effective cost-efficient treatments for knee OA remain unclear. This article aims to revisit primary knee OA, understanding its etiology, and focusing on prevention and individualized non-operative treatment modalities.

Scaphoid Fractures and Nonunion: A Survey-based Review of Hand Surgeon's Practice and the Evidence.

Purpose: The Evidence-Based Practice Committee of the American Society for Surgery of the Hand set out to assess the membership's practice patterns (PPs) and familiarity with evidence-based principles for scaphoid fracture and nonunion management.

Methods: Using a consensus-generated 25-item online survey, all the American Society for Surgery of the Hand members were invited to participate via email in September 2023. Two question types were used including evidence-based practice (EBP) and PPs.

A Comparison of Throwing Arm Kinetics and Ball Velocity in Professional Baseball Pitchers with the Fastest Maximum Joint and Segment Velocities.

Background: Significant associations have been established among individual maximum joint and segment velocities with throwing arm kinetics and ball velocity in baseball.

Purpose: Investigate how pitches with the fastest maximum joint and segment velocities, in both ideal and non-ideal sequence order, may impact ball velocity and throwing arm kinetics in professional baseball pitchers.

Methods: Professional(n=338) pitchers threw 8-12 fastball pitches while evaluated with 3D-motion capture (480 Hz).

A Novel Description of Medial Meniscus Vascularization: A Multicenter Study Introducing the "Medial Meniscal Artery".

Background: The microvasculature of the human meniscus has been previously described by Arnoczky and Warren. However, to date, the qualitative and quantitative extra-articular vascular anatomy of the medial meniscus has not been characterized.

Purposes: To perform a qualitative and quantitative anatomic study of the extra-articular medial meniscal vasculature and to introduce the novel "medial meniscal artery" (MMA), potentially providing future guidelines for the treatment of meniscal abnormalities.

Establishing Clinically Significant Improvement for Patients After Arthroscopic Surgery for Shoulder Instability With Large Labral Tears.

Background: Patients with large labral tears represent a subset of traumatic shoulder instability cases. Outcomes after arthroscopic stabilization in these patients have been studied less compared with other tears.

Purpose: To establish minimal clinically important difference (MCID), Patient Acceptable Symptom State (PASS), and substantial clinical benefit (SCB) thresholds for patients after arthroscopic repair of labral tears ≥270°.

Biomechanical Problems Related to Lesser Toes Dysfunction and Amputation.

Should we care about the biomechanics of the foot or the full locomotor system? Anatomic changes are the main concerns of an orthopedic surgeon; however, the main objectives of treatment for lesser toe dysfunctions are to relieve the patient's symptoms to preserve or improve function. It is imperative to understand that the foot is part a three-dimensional biokinetic system that needs to function combined so that loads are harmoniously distributed throughout the body without harmful effects, especially for one of the most frequent voluntary neuromotor tasks in humans: walking.

Men and women demonstrate comparable rates of failures and reoperations following primary osteochondral allograft transplantation of the knee, but women undergo reoperation sooner.

Purpose: To compare the differences between men and women who receive primary osteochondral allograft transplantation of the knee with regard to preoperative disease presentation, failures and reoperations.

Methods: A retrospective review of patients ≥18 years old who underwent primary osteochondral allograft transplantation between 2002 and 2020 by a single surgeon with a minimum of 2-year follow-up was performed. Demographic, preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative data were collected for all included patients.

Editorial Commentary: Meniscal Allograft Transplantation Is a Powerful Tool for Treating Pain for Properly Indicated Patients, but Ability to Prevent Osteoarthritis Progression Remains Undetermined.

In well-indicated patients, meniscal allograft transplantation (MAT) survivorship can approach 80% to 90% at 10 years and 50% to 60% at 15 years, although these studies have included mostly younger patients (mean ages 25-30 years). Evidence-based indications for MAT are symptomatic meniscal deficiency in the absence of uncorrected osteoarthritis and malalignment in the young, active patient. The definition of young and active continues to evolve as demands of an aging population grow, and MAT has been performed with favorable outcomes in those over 40 and even 50 years old.

Professional baseball pitchers produce similar ball velocity and kinematics when pitching from the wind-up and stretch deliveries: a biomechanical analysis.

Historically, the wind-up delivery is considered a more biomechanically advantageous pitching motion compared to the stretch. Recently, some pitchers have shifted to pitching exclusively from the stretch regardless of the game situation. The goal of this study was to compare temporal, kinematic and kinetic variables between the wind-up and stretch deliveries.

Multiligament knee injury (MLKI): an expert consensus statement on nomenclature, diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation.

Multiligament knee injuries (MLKIs) represent a broad spectrum of pathology with potentially devastating consequences. Currently, disagreement in the terminology, diagnosis and treatment of these injuries limits clinical care and research. This study aimed to develop consensus on the nomenclature, diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation strategies for patients with MLKI, while identifying important research priorities for further study.

Kiteboarding Injuries: Epidemiology, Common Treatment Strategies, and Time to Return to Kiteboarding Following Injury.

Objective: To evaluate the prevalence and types of injuries incurred during kiteboarding (1), along with treatment approaches (2). In addition, the time to return to kiteboarding following injury (3) and factors associated with the rate and type of injury were analyzed (4).

Setting: Recreational kiteboarding.

Comparison of Patient-Reported Outcomes for Immediate Unrestricted Weightbearing Versus Restricted Rehabilitation Protocols After Osteochondral Allograft Transplantation to the Distal Femur.

Background: There is no standardized rehabilitation protocol after osteochondral allograft (OCA) transplantation surgery to the distal femur. The spectrum of recommendations includes restrictions to toe-touch weightbearing (TTWB) for 6 weeks and immediate weightbearing as tolerated (WBAT).

Purpose/hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to compare outcomes for immediate unrestricted WBAT to restricted TTWB after OCA transplantation to the distal femur.

Patellar tendon restoration techniques: a systematic review of outcomes for repair and reconstruction methods.

Purpose: This systematic review aims to delineate the various methods to repair or reconstruct the patellar tendon using the available literature.

Methods: MEDLINE and PubMed electronic databases were searched for English language clinical studies involving patellar tendon rupture repair or reconstruction that reported patient-reported outcome scores (PROS) between January 1st, 1953 and June 17th, 2021. Data was extracted on full text articles to collect functional outcome scores and rupture category, including acute, chronic, post-total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and post-anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR).

Osteochondral Allograft Reaming Significantly Affects Chondrocyte Viability.

Background: Chondrocyte viability is associated with the clinical success of osteochondral allograft (OCA) transplantation.

Purpose: To investigate the effect of distal femoral OCA plug harvest and recipient site preparation on regional cell viability using traditional handheld saline irrigation versus saline submersion.

Study Design: Controlled laboratory study.