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Fzf1 is a transcription factor containing five zinc fingers (ZFs). It regulates the expression of at least five downstream genes, including , , 3, and , by recognizing a consensus sequence, CS2, found in these gene promoters. These gene products are involved in cellular responses to various chemical stresses.

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The silencing information regulator (SIR) complex contains up to four proteins, namely Sir1, Sir2, Sir3, and Sir4. While Sir2 encodes a NAD-dependent histone deacetylase, other SIR proteins mainly function as structural and scaffold components through physical interaction with various proteins. The SIR complex displays different conformation and composition, including Sir2 homotrimer, Sir1-4 heterotetramer, Sir2-4 heterotrimer, and their derivatives, which recycle and relocate to different chromosomal regions.

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