Are More Adults Bleeding After Tonsillectomy Than in the Past?

Objective: Post-tonsillectomy hemorrhage (PTH) rates have increased in children over the last decade. This study aimed to determine whether PTH incidence in adults had also increased over the last 15 years.

Study Design: Retrospective study.

Tau oligomers impair memory and synaptic plasticity through the cellular prion protein.

Deposition of abnormally phosphorylated tau aggregates is a central event leading to neuronal dysfunction and death in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other tauopathies. Among tau aggregates, oligomers (TauOs) are considered the most toxic. AD brains show significant increase in TauOs compared to healthy controls, their concentration correlating with the severity of cognitive deficits and disease progression.

Pulmonary langerhans cell histiocytosis secondary to Marijuana use: a case report and systematic review of the literature.

Background: Pulmonary Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis (PLCH) is a rare interstitial lung disease primarily affecting young to middle-aged smokers. While traditionally linked to tobacco use, there is growing evidence that cannabis use may contribute to PLCH.

Methods: We present a case of a 52-year-old male with PLCH associated with heavy cannabis use.

Multi-level Factors to Build Confidence and Support in Active Surveillance for Low-Risk Prostate Cancer: A Qualitative Study.

Background: Active surveillance (AS) is the guideline-recommended treatment for low-risk prostate cancer and involves routine provider visits, lab tests, imaging, and prostate biopsies. Despite good uptake, adherence to AS, in terms of receiving recommended follow-up testing and remaining on AS in the absence of evidence of cancer progression, remains challenging.

Objective: We sought to better understand urologist, primary care providers (PCPs), and patient experiences with AS care delivery to identify opportunities to improve adherence.

Unique presentation of cavernous sinus thrombosis in a paediatric patient.

A paediatric patient presented with periorbital oedema and fever. Initially, there was low suspicion for cavernous sinus thrombosis and orbital cellulitis due to the presence of full extraocular movements. However, given worsening bilateral periorbital oedema, lethargy and sepsis, neuroimaging was performed demonstrating inflammation and enhancement of the leptomeninges and left cavernous sinus, and raising concern for cavernous sinus thrombosis in the setting of orbital cellulitis.

Vancomycin-induced acute generalised exanthematous pustulosis.

Antibiotics have been well documented to result in several dermatological adverse reactions. Many of these adverse reactions are rashes that are difficult to distinguish. We present a case of a female patient in her 30s with acute generalised exanthematous pustulosis following vancomycin treatment for left breast cellulitis.

Protection of β2GPI-Deficient Mice from Thrombosis Reflects a Defect in PAR3-facilitated Platelet Activation.

Antibodies to β2-glycoprotein I (β2GPI) cause thrombosis in antiphospholipid syndrome, however the role of β2GPI in coagulation in vivo is not understood. To address this issue, we developed β2GPI-deficient mice (Apoh-/-) by deleting exon 2 and 3 of Apoh using CRISPR/Cas9 and compared the development of thrombosis in wild-type (WT) and Apoh-/- mice using rose bengal and FeCl3-induced carotid thrombosis, laser-induced cremaster arteriolar injury, and inferior vena cava (IVC) stasis models. We also compared tail bleeding times and activation of platelets from WT and Apoh-/- mice in the absence and presence of β2GPI.

Poor Olfaction and Risk of Stroke in Older Adults: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study.

Background: Poor olfaction may be associated with adverse cerebrovascular events, but empirical evidence is limited. We aimed to investigate the association of olfaction with the risk of stroke in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study.

Methods: We included 5799 older adults with no history of stroke at baseline from 2011 to 2013 (75.

"It was frightening because it could be my own grandparents": A qualitative study of vicarious exposure to anti-Asian racism.

Objective: From the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been a proliferation of anti-Asian racism. In addition to being personal targets of racism, members of the Asian American community have also been vicariously exposed to repeated news and social media stories about anti-Asian racism. Emerging research suggests that vicarious exposure to racism during the pandemic is associated with decreased well-being, although mechanisms of action are not yet clear.

Small molecule modulators of B56-PP2A restore 4E-BP function to suppress eIF4E-dependent translation in cancer cells.

Dysregulated eIF4E-dependent translation is a central driver of tumorigenesis and therapy resistance. eIF4E binding proteins (4E-BP1/2/3) are major negative regulators of eIF4E-dependent translation that are inactivated in tumors through inhibitory phosphorylation or downregulation. Previous studies have linked PP2A phosphatase(s) to activation of 4E-BP1.

Assessment of simulation training efficacy in improving microsurgical skills: a retrospective analysis.

Background: Microsurgery demands an intensive period of skill acquisition due to its inherent complexity. The development and implementation of innovative training methods are essential for enhancing microsurgical outcomes. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of a simulation training program on the clinical results of fingertip replantation surgeries.

Impact of Medicaid Policies on Pre-pregnancy Preventive Dental Care.

Background: Dental care before pregnancy is critical for preventing poor oral health, which is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. People with low incomes, however, may face insurance-related barriers to obtaining dental care. Medicaid expansion under the Affordable Care Act increased access to dental care utilization among adults with low incomes.

Operationalising a Haemophilia Gene Editing Lexicon for Practical Use.

Introduction: Gene editing therapies offer the possibility of substantial improvement in treatment and quality of life for people with haemophilia (PWH) in a landscape of dynamic therapeutic advancement. Developing a common and understandable language to discuss gene editing will be essential to ensure these treatments can be deployed in a safe and effective manner with fully informed and shared decision-making between healthcare professionals (HCPs) and PWH. A lexicon explaining and clarifying key concepts is one potential tool to address these aims.

"It's Like You're Feeding Your Child Twice": Barriers and Facilitators to Human Milk Feeding Children With Cystic Fibrosis.

Background: Cystic Fibrosis Foundation guidelines recommend human milk (HM) as the ideal source of nutrition for children with CF (cwCF). Despite known pulmonary and nutritional benefits, fewer cwCF ever receive HM compared to the general population. Early nutrition choices are preference-sensitive, yet little is known about the factors that impede or sustain HM feeding among parents of cwCF.

Personalized Photoprotection: Expert Consensus and Recommendations From a Delphi Study Among Dermatologists.

Background: Recommending comprehensive personalized photoprotection requires an accurate assessment of the patient's skin, including phototype, lifestyle, exposure conditions, environmental factors, and concomitant cutaneous conditions as well as deep knowledge of the available options: sunscreen ingredients (type of filters, spectrum coverage, sun protection factor, enhanced active ingredients), oral photoprotection, and other methods of sun protection and avoidance.

Objectives: To establish consensus-based recommendations endorsed by an international panel of experts for personalized medical photoprotection recommendations that are applicable globally.

Methods: A two-round Delphi study was designed to determine the degree of agreement and relevance of aspects related to personalized medical photoprotection.

A Cross-Species Atlas of the Dorsal Vagal Complex Reveals Neural Mediators of Cagrilintide's Effects on Energy Balance.

Amylin analogs, including potential anti-obesity therapies like cagrilintide, act on neurons in the brainstem dorsal vagal complex (DVC) that express calcitonin receptors (CALCR). These receptors, often combined with receptor activity-modifying proteins (RAMPs), mediate the suppression of food intake and body weight. To understand the molecular and neural mechanisms of cagrilintide action, we used single-nucleus RNA sequencing to define 89 cell populations across the rat, mouse, and non-human primate caudal brainstem.

Dual Biologic Therapy Induces Remission in Refractory Crohn's Disease With Vedolizumab and Ustekinumab.

Background: Despite advancements in the therapeutic armamentarium for Crohn's disease (CD), biologic and small molecule monotherapies are associated with sub-optimal response and remission rates. Utilizing dual biologic therapy (DBT) holds the potential to increase efficacy in the treatment of refractory or partially responsive CD. Evidence pertaining to this strategy remains limited.

Temporal variations in and predictive values of ABG results prior to in-hospital cardiac arrest.

In-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) has been understudied relative to out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Further, studies of IHCA have mainly focused on a limited number of pre-arrest patient characteristics (e.g.

Intermittent Sinus Pause/Asystole in the Setting of Anticholinergic Overdose.

Anticholinergic toxicity typically presents with symptoms of cutaneous vasodilation, delirium, mydriasis, urinary retention, hyperthermia, anhidrosis, and tachycardia. This case report presents a 68-year-old female patient who exhibited some of these signs and symptoms after ingesting an unknown quantity of dicyclomine. However, she displayed one notable exception to the classic toxidrome.

Cocaine-induced Vasculitis: Uncommon Manifestations in the Lower Extremities - A Case Report.

Levamisole-induced vasculitis is a recognized dermatopathologic phenomenon frequently observed in individuals engaged in illicit substance use, particularly cocaine. Levimasole's structural resemblance to cocaine leads to its utilization as a cutting or bulking agent, creating an illusion of unaltered purity. While this vasculitis typically manifests in cartilaginous areas such as the ears and nose, it can also occur, though less commonly, in the lower extremities.

Unveiling Lyme Neuroborreliosis in the Absence of Dermatological Symptoms.

Lyme neuroborreliosis can present with isolated neurological manifestations, posing diagnostic challenges, especially in the absence of hallmark dermatological symptoms like erythema migrans. This case highlights a patient with isolated cervical radiculopathy due to Lyme neuroborreliosis, presenting without systemic features such as fever, arthralgia, or rash. The diagnosis was confirmed through serological testing, with positive findings on the Western blot.

Evaluation of Thigh Muscle Strength in Adolescent Patients After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction With Lateral Extra-articular Tenodesis or Anterolateral Ligament Reconstruction.

Background: There has been increased interest in lateral extra-articular procedures, such as anterolateral ligament reconstruction (ALLR) or lateral extra-articular tenodesis (LET), to reduce anterolateral rotation instability of the knee after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). Despite promising surgical outcomes with these techniques, their impact on knee strength recovery is unknown.

Hypothesis: Patients undergoing lateral extra-articular procedures at the time of ACLR would have impaired thigh muscle strength at 6 to 9 months after surgery.