Conceptualizing and Measuring Violence: A Feminist Critical Measurement Analysis of Gender-Based Violence Research in a Government Policy-Based Setting.

Feminist methodological advances in gender-based violence research have yet to be comprehensively integrated into policy-based research. This article discusses methodological concerns identified when reviewing the UK government's public consultation for its 2021 Tackling Violence Against Women and Girls Strategy. We apply intersectional feminist perspectives and critical measurement analysis, and discuss two areas of methodological concern: issues with conceptualizations of violence, and issues with the measurement of public experiences, attitudes, and opinions, and implications for the accuracy of the survey.

Cutaneous Hemangioma With Epithelioid Features Harboring TPM3/4::ALK Fusions: A Distinct Entity or a Molecular Variant of Epithelioid Hemangioma?

Vascular neoplasms with epithelioid cytomorphology encompass a wide spectrum of benign and malignant lesions, including epithelioid hemangioma (EH), cutaneous epithelioid angiomatous nodule (CEAN), epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EHE), and epithelioid angiosarcoma (EAS). Recently, the first case of a cutaneous hemangioma with epithelioid features harboring a TPM3::ALK fusion was reported. Herein, we report 4 additional cases, including 1 case with an alternate TPM4::ALK fusion, and expand on the clinicopathologic and molecular genetic features of these unusual vascular lesions.

Patient perspectives on medications for alcohol use disorder: A systematic scoping review.

Front-line treatments for alcohol use disorder (AUD) include psychotherapy and medication, and both treatments are underused. However, utilization rates of medications for alcohol use disorder (MAUD) are particularly low. The goal of the present scoping review is to characterize patient perspectives about MAUD to identify barriers to MAUD and potential areas of future work to increase access, initiation, and retention on MAUD.

Single-cell RNA-seq data have prevalent blood contamination but can be rescued by Originator, a computational tool separating single-cell RNA-seq by genetic and contextual information.

Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data from complex human tissues have prevalent blood cell contamination during the sample preparation process. They may also comprise cells of different genetic makeups. We propose a new computational framework, Originator, which deciphers single cells by genetic origin and separates immune cells of blood contamination from those of expected tissue-resident cells.

Reprogramming of Thyroid Cancer Metabolism: from Mechanism to Therapeutic Strategy.

Thyroid cancer as one of the most prevalent malignancies of endocrine system, has raised public concern and more research on its mechanism and treatment. And metabolism-based therapies have advanced rapidly, for the exclusive metabolic profiling of thyroid cancer. In thyroid cancer cells, plenty of metabolic pathways are reprogrammed to accommodate tumor microenvironment.

Deficiency of neuronal LGR4 increases energy expenditure and inhibits food intake via hypothalamic leptin signaling.

The metabolic effects of leucine-rich repeat-containing G protein-coupled receptor 4 (LGR4) remain largely unknown. Here, we showed that knockdown of Lgr4 in nestin progenitor or Sp1 mature neurons reduced high fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity by increasing energy expenditure and inhibiting food intake. Deficiency of LGR4 in AgRP neurons increased energy expenditure, and inhibited food intake, leading to alterations in glucose and lipid metabolism.

The effects of photosynthetic rate on respiration in light, starch/sucrose partitioning, and other metabolic fluxes within photosynthesis.

In the future, plants may encounter increased light and elevated CO levels. How consequent alterations in photosynthetic rates will impact fluxes in photosynthetic carbon metabolism remains uncertain. Respiration in light (R) is pivotal in plant carbon balance and a key parameter in photosynthesis models.

Management of corneal injuries in spaceflight and recommendations for planetary missions.

In February 1968, NASA purchased 400 antigravity ballpoint pens from the Fisher Pen Company for the Apollo Program to prevent potential harm to astronauts and equipment. Mechanical pencils previously used in microgravity posed risks like eye injuries from floating fragments penetrating the cornea. The cornea is vulnerable to abrasions, perforations, and chemical burns in such environments, affecting crewmembers aboard the International Space Station (ISS).

Unusual fundus lesion in mosaic neurofibromatosis type 2.

Background: Neurofibromatosis is a neurocutaneous syndrome that predisposes individuals to a variety of tumors. In type 2, these typically do not present until early adulthood. We present a case of an unusual fundus lesion in neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) in a young child.

Implementation of Office-Based Procedures in Large Institutions.

This article discusses the background of office-based procedures in otolaryngology, including definitions of important terms related to office-based procedures. Using a framework of safety, functional logistics, and economics, this article can serve as a guide for how to implement office-based procedures at a large institution.

Comparison of continuous versus on-demand proton pump inhibitor therapy in symptom control of patients with Barrett's esophagus.

Background: Whether continuous proton pump inhibitor (PPI) therapy is superior to on-demand therapy for symptom control of Barrett's esophagus patients is unclear. The study aimed to compare the efficacies of the symptom control and the frequency of co-existent erosive esophagitis in patients with Barrett's esophagus by either continuous or on-demand PPI therapy.

Methods: We randomly assigned (1:1) consecutive adult patients with symptomatic Barrett's esophagus to receive on-demand or continuous esomeprazole (40 mg q.

The Salient Aroma Hypothesis: host plant specialization is linked with plant volatile availability in Lepidoptera.

Host plant use in Lepidoptera has been a primary focus in studies of ecological specialization, and multiple factors are likely to be involved in shaping the evolution of diet breadth. Here, we first describe the Salient Aroma Hypothesis, suggesting that the availability of chemical information, particularly host-associated aromas, plays a critical role in shaping dietary specialization. According to the Salient Aroma Hypothesis, herbivores active during periods when chemical information is abundant, particularly during the daytime hours when plant aromas are hypothesized to be more prevalent, are more likely to evolve specialized diets.

Geospatial Clustering of 9-1-1 Responses for Pediatric Firearm Injuries Over Time.

Objectives: We evaluated spatial clustering of pediatric firearm injuries using national 9-1-1 emergency medical services (EMS) responses, locations where these events occurred, and geographic changes over time.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study from January 1, 2012 through December 31, 2022 using 9-1-1 EMS responses for children in 50 states from the National EMS Information Systems (NEMSIS). For 37 states with continuous data over the study period, we evaluated spatial changes over time.

Reirradiation Special Medical Physics Consultations: Lessons Learned from Nearly 3000 Courses of Treatment.

Introduction: Reirradiation (reRT) has become increasingly prevalent due to an aging population and advancements in cancer detection and treatment. However, the field is still lacking standardized dosimetric evaluation methods and reRT workflows, which leads to difficulty in correlating clinical outcomes with delivered dose. This study reports on the implementation and evolution of a standardized reRT workflow in the Department of Radiation Oncology at [redacted], describing insights gained from nearly 3000 external beam reirradiation courses delivered since 2017.

A longitudinal examination into childhood abuse and substance use to PTSD symptoms and deviant peer association: Impact of developmental timing of abuse.

Background: Following child abuse, adolescents often endorse PTSD symptoms and use substances. However, few studies have addressed the longitudinal underlying effects of deviant peer association and revictimization and the developmental impact of PTSD symptoms and substance use.

Objective: To address these limitations, the current study utilized the susceptibility and self-medication hypothesis to examine abuse in childhood ages 0-12 and adolescence ages 12-16 as predictors of substance use in mid-adolescence at age 16 and symptoms of (PTSD) in late adolescence at age 18 mediated by associating with deviant peers and revictimization using a sample of 596 (73.

The Quit Together couples-focused pilot randomized trial of tobacco cessation for pregnant smokers.

Aims: This study reports on the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of prenatal and postnatal couples-focused telephone counseling for pregnant tobacco smokers.

Design And Setting: This pilot randomized controlled trial (RCT) was conducted online in Romania and enrolled a total of 90 pregnant smokers and 77 of their life partners.

Participants: 90 adult pregnant smokers and 77 of their life partners were randomized either to (1) Motivation and Problem Solving (MAPS) telephone counseling (n = 45 pregnant smokers who received up to 8 pre/postnatal telephone counseling sessions and n = 40 partners who received up to 4 sessions) or (2) usual care (n = 45 pregnant smokers and n = 37 partners).

Whole plant transpiration responses of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) to drying soil: Water channels and transcription factors.

Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is the main legume crop for direct human consumption worldwide. Among abiotic factors affecting common bean, drought is the most limiting.

Factors associated with perceived medication safety during transitions of care in patients with cancer: A secondary data analysis of a cross-sectional survey.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate perceived medication safety in patients with cancer during transitions of care and identify factors associated with their safety perceptions.

Methods: A secondary data analysis was performed on a cross-sectional survey data of from patients with four types of cancer (i.e.

Innovative Approaches to Mental Health Education: Standardized Patients and Tag Team Simulation.

Background: Nursing students often feel unprepared to care for patients with psychiatric diagnoses and alcohol use disorder (AUD), leading to low confidence, with fear and stigma impacting care. Simulation offers a way to build these skills.

Purpose: This project assessed the effectiveness of standardized patients and tag team simulation in increasing nursing students' exposure and confidence managing mental healthcare and AUD.

Impact on Patient Outcomes of Continuous Vital Sign Monitoring on Medical Wards: Propensity-Matched Analysis.

Background: Continuous and wireless vital sign (VS) monitoring on hospital wards is superior to intermittent VS monitoring at detecting VS abnormalities; however, the impact on clinical outcomes remains to be confirmed. A recent propensity-matched study of primary surgical patients found decreased odds of intensive care unit (ICU) admission and mortality in patients receiving continuous monitoring. Primary surgical patients are inherently different from their medical counterparts who typically have high morbidity, including frailty.

Longitudinal Outcomes in Pi*MZ Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficient Individuals with Tobacco Smoking History from the SPIROMICS Cohort.

Background: Reliable data about the natural history of lung function decline in alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) deficient Pi*MZ heterozygotes is largely missing. We hypothesized that, in adults with a tobacco smoking history, lung function deteriorates faster in Pi*MZ compared to Pi*MM genotype.

Methods: We identified 1856 Pi*MM and 79 Pi*MZ participants with ≥20 pack-years tobacco smoking history from the SPIROMICS cohort by DNA sequencing and followed them over a median of 4.

Prehospital Trauma Compendium: Prehospital Management of Adults with Traumatic Out-of-Hospital Circulatory Arrest - A Joint Position Statement and Resource Document of NAEMSP, ACS-COT, and ACEP.

The National Association of Emergency Medical Services Physicians (NAEMSP), American College of Surgeons Committee on Trauma (ACS-COT), and American College of Emergency Physicians (ACEP) believe that evidence-based, pragmatic, and collaborative protocols addressing the care of patients with traumatic out-of-hospital circulatory arrest (TOHCA) are needed to optimize patient outcomes and clinician safety. When the etiology of arrest is unclear, particularly without clear signs of life-threatening trauma, standard basic and advanced cardiac life support (BCLS/ACLS) treatments for medical cardiac arrest is appropriate. Traumatic circulatory arrest may result from massive hemorrhage, airway obstruction, obstructive shock, respiratory disturbances, cardiogenic causes or massive head trauma.

The Nuclear Receptor NR1B1/RARα Arrests the Differentiation of Anti-Tumor Effector Cytotoxic T Cells.

NR1B1/RARα expression is dynamically regulated in cytotoxic lymphocytes (CTLs) in tumors, but the importance of its expression in anti-tumor CTLs remains unknown. RARα gene expression is upregulated in CTLs in tumor microenvironments (TME), but its protein expression is downregulated by retinoic acid. The role of RARα expression in regulating anti-tumor effector CTL (Teff) differentiation is reported.

CNM-Au8 in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: The HEALEY ALS Platform Trial.

Importance: Bioenergetic failure has been proposed as a driver of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). CNM-Au8 is a suspension of gold nanocrystals that catalyzes the conversion of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide hydride into NAD+, resulting in an increase of cellular adenosine triphosphate production.

Objective: To determine the effects of CNM-Au8 on ALS disease progression.