Comprehensive histopathological analysis of gastric cancer in European and Latin America populations reveals differences in PDL1, HER2, p53 and MUC6 expression.

Introduction: Gastric cancer (GC) burden is currently evolving with regional differences associated with complex behavioural, environmental, and genetic risk factors. The LEGACy study is a Horizon 2020-funded multi-institutional research project conducted prospectively to provide comprehensive data on the tumour biological characteristics of gastroesophageal cancer from European and LATAM countries.

Material And Methods: Treatment-naïve advanced gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma patients were prospectively recruited in seven European and LATAM countries.

Association between a geriatric measure tool and adverse outcomes among older adults treated in an emergency department: a retrospective cohort study.

The COVID-19 pandemic provided an ideal scenario for studying the care of the elderly population, we implemented a tool named the Geriatric Measure (GM) tool to determine the severity and need for hospitalization. The objective of the study is to evaluate if the results of a brief Geriatric Measure tool are associated with mortality and other outcomes among older adults with COVID-19 treated in the emergency department. Retrospective observational cohort study.

Single-nucleotide polymorphism analysis accurately predicts multiple impairments in hippocampal activity and memory performance in a murine model of idiopathic autism.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) comprises alterations in brain anatomy and physiology that ultimately affect information processing and behavior. In most cases, autism is considered idiopathic, involving alterations in numerous genes whose functions are not extensively documented. We evaluated the C58/J mouse strain as an idiopathic model of ASD, emphasizing synaptic transmission as the basis of information processing.

Managing xylazine-involved overdoses in a community harm reduction setting: lessons from Tijuana, Mexico.

Background: Xylazine is a α2-adrenergic receptor agonist, used for sedation in veterinary contexts. Although it is increasingly found in overdose deaths across North America, the clinical management of xylazine-involved overdoses has not been extensively studied, especially in community-based harm reduction settings. Here we present a clinical series of xylazine-involved overdose and share the clinical approach and lessons learned by a community overdose response team in Tijuana, Mexico amidst the arrival of xylazine.

The public health risks of counterfeit pills.

Synthetic illicit drugs, such as nitazenes and fentanyls, are becoming commonplace in countries around the world, including in Europe, Australia, and Latin America, which raises concern for overdose crises like those seen in North America. An important dimension of the risk represented by synthetic drugs is the fact that they are increasingly packaged in counterfeit pill form. These pills-often indistinguishable from authentic pharmaceuticals-have substantially widened the scope of populations susceptible to synthetic drug overdose in North America (eg, among adolescents experimenting with pills or tourists from the USA seeking psychoactive medications from pharmacies in Mexico).

Bactericidal activity of gold and silver nanoparticles in solution and supported on polyhihydroxybutyrate nanospheres.

This work presents the effect of Polyhydroxybutyrate nanospheres (PHB-NSs) on the bacterial activity of plasmonic nanoparticles (NPs). The PHB-NSs were used as a substrate for the metal-NPs. Silver and gold NPs in colloidal solution were synthesized by chemical reduction, while PHB-NSs were synthesized by a physical method.

Malaysia outbreak survivors retain detectable Nipah antibodies and memory B cells after 25 years.

Objective: To evaluate the long-term humoral immune response to Nipah virus (NiV) in a cohort of 25 survivors after 25 years of post-infection.

Methods: A total of 25 survivors of NiV infection from the 1998 outbreak were recruited for sample collection. The serum IgG antibody response to NiV antigens, specifically nucleocapsid (N), fusion glycoprotein (F) and attachment glycoprotein (G) was evaluated using ELISA.

The Jalap Roots: A Herbal Legacy from the Neotropics to the World.

Etnopharmacological Relevance: The Convolvulaceae or morning glory family, with about 2000 species in the world's Tropics and subtropics, stands out among the plants used in traditional medicine. Medicinal plant complexes with important purgative properties have been developed in Mexico and Brazil from members of the genera Ipomoea and Operculina with storage roots. Popularly known as the jalap roots, their resin glycosides cause purgative and laxative activities that facilitate bowel movements.

Impact of postharvest processing on the health benefits of durian-derived products.

Durian (Durio zibethinus Murr.) is a seasonal fruit with a short harvesting period, requiring postharvest processing such as cutting, peeling, freeze-drying, cooking, and frying to enhance its shelf life and nutritional quality. In this study, fresh Monthong durian (MTD), MTD Sticks, MTD Cake, and MTD Chips were analyzed for polyphenols, phenolic acids, tannins, flavonoids and thermal stability.

Ecotoxicology of cephalopod early life phases: review and perspectives.

The present review provides the first analysis and synthesis of the available scientific information on the effects of anthropogenic contaminants on cephalopod embryos, paralarvae, and juveniles. We evaluated 46 articles published between 1970 and 2023 that focused on trace elements (69%), pharmaceutical compounds (11%), persistent organic compounds (11%), and plastics (9%). To date, the greatest scientific effort has originated from Europe and Asia (France [57%], China [9%], Italy [7%], and Spain [4%]), with few reports available from the rest of the world.

AI Methods for Antimicrobial Peptides: Progress and Challenges.

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are promising candidates to combat multidrug-resistant pathogens. However, the high cost of extensive wet-lab screening has made AI methods for identifying and designing AMPs increasingly important, with machine learning (ML) techniques playing a crucial role. AI approaches have recently revolutionised this field by accelerating the discovery of new peptides with anti-infective activity, particularly in preclinical mouse models.

Rapid response electroencephalography decreases time to seizure diagnosis in pediatric acute care patients.

Objectives: Pediatric status epilepticus (SE) carries a high risk of morbidity and mortality and can result in neurologic injury. Establishing seizure activity on conventional EEG (cEEG) is essential but can delay treatment of seizures due to technician limitations. Rapid response EEG (rrEEG) device Ceribell and its Brain Stethoscope function can be used and interpreted rapidly by bedside providers with minimal training.

Use and knowledge of the two FIGO systems for nongestational abnormal uterine bleeding in the reproductive years: A multinational survey.

Objective: To evaluate the worldwide use of FIGO's two systems for the classification of causes and contributors to nongestational abnormal uterine bleeding in the reproductive years by obstetrics and gynecology professionals worldwide, to identify knowledge gaps, and explore barriers to implementation.

Methods: An electronic survey was developed by members of FIGO's Menstrual Disorders and Related Health Impacts (MDRHI) Committee to assess knowledge of abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) and the two FIGO AUB systems among obstetricians and gynecologists. The survey was conducted online from February 28 to June 30, 2023, and comprised demographic questions, educational content inquiries, and a knowledge assessment.

Land Use Change Consistently Reduces α- But Not β- and γ-Diversity of Bees.

Land use change threatens global biodiversity and compromises ecosystem functions, including pollination and food production. Reduced taxonomic α-diversity is often reported under land use change, yet the impacts could be different at larger spatial scales (i.e.

Intradermal Incobotulinum Toxin A for Postbreast Cancer Treatment Asymmetry: A Literature Review and Case Report.

Background: Botulinum toxin (BTX) is globally the most common aesthetic procedure. Its usage has expanded beyond facial treatments to therapeutic areas, including managing scars and postsurgical deformities. Breast cancer survivors often face significant deformities and asymmetry during recovery.

Fire in the tree: The origin and distribution of fire-adapted traits within conifers and their influence on speciation rates across the conifer phylogeny.

Premise: Considering rapidly changing fire regimes due to anthropogenic disturbances to climate and fuel loads, it is crucial to understand the underpinnings driving fire-adapted trait evolution. Among the oldest lineages affected by fire is Coniferae. This lineage occupies a variety of fire prone and non-fire prone habitats across all hemispheres and has four fire-adapted traits: (1) thick bark; (2) serotiny; (3) seedling grass stage; and (4) resprouting ability.

Role of extracellular vesicles in the pathogenesis of mosquito-borne flaviviruses that impact public health.

Mosquito-borne flaviviruses represent a public health challenge due to the high-rate endemic infections, severe clinical outcomes, and the potential risk of emerging global outbreaks. Flavivirus disease pathogenesis converges on cellular factors from vectors and hosts, and their interactions are still unclear. Exosomes and microparticles are extracellular vesicles released from cells that mediate the intercellular communication necessary for maintaining homeostasis; however, they have been shown to be involved in disease establishment and progression.

Novel transfer learning based bone fracture detection using radiographic images.

A bone fracture is a medical condition characterized by a partial or complete break in the continuity of the bone. Fractures are primarily caused by injuries and accidents, affecting millions of people worldwide. The healing process for a fracture can take anywhere from one month to one year, leading to significant economic and psychological challenges for patients.

Fluoride Induces Toxic Effects on the A549 Pulmonary Cell Line at Non-cytotoxic Concentrations.

Fluoride is emitted into the air not only through gas emissions but also from volcanic ash, leading to contact via inhalation. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the cellular and biochemical responses in the A549 cell line after exposure to NaF (sodium fluoride) concentrations lower than those previously used in other studies to determine the impact on the lung epithelium. A549 cells were exposed to different concentrations (0.

ZIC1 is a context-dependent medulloblastoma driver in the rhombic lip.

Transcription factors are frequent cancer driver genes, exhibiting noted specificity based on the precise cell of origin. We demonstrate that ZIC1 exhibits loss-of-function (LOF) somatic events in group 4 (G4) medulloblastoma through recurrent point mutations, subchromosomal deletions and mono-allelic epigenetic repression (60% of G4 medulloblastoma). In contrast, highly similar SHH medulloblastoma exhibits distinct and diametrically opposed gain-of-function mutations and copy number gains (20% of SHH medulloblastoma).

Edible Mushrooms: a Nutrient-Rich Ingredient for Healthier Food Products - A Review.

Objective Of The Review: Edible mushrooms are found to be foods with high nutritional content, which have been shown to be more widely used ingredients in cooking in traditional dishes. This article explores the rising trend in the use of edible mushrooms in new formulations of functional foods, taking advantage of their properties and benefits in human health.

Recent Findings: The use of mushrooms as an ingredient in new or modified food formulations is driven by solid evidence of their nutritional content and bioactivity.

Is biparametric MRI a feasible option for detecting clinically significant prostate cancer?: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Multiparametric MRI (Mp-MRI) is a key tool to screen for Prostate Cancer (Pca) and Clinically Significant Prostate Cancer (CsPca). It primarily includes T2-Weighted imaging (T2w), diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), and Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced imaging (DCE). Despite its improvements in CsPca screening, concerns about the cost-effectiveness of DCE persist due to its associated side effects, increased cost, longer acquisition time, and limitations in patients with poor kidney function.

Reliability of the OMERACT Giant cell arteritis Ultrasonography Score (OGUS): results of a patient-based exercise involving experts and non-experts in vascular ultrasonography.

Objective: To test the reliability of the Outcome Measures in Rheumatology Giant cell arteritis (GCA) Ultrasonography Score (OGUS) and other composite scores in a patient-based exercise involving experts and non-experts in vascular ultrasonography.

Methods: Six GCA patients were scanned twice (two rounds separated ≥3 hours) by 12 experts and 12 non-experts. Non-experts received 90 min of theoretical and 240 min of practical training between rounds 1 and 2.

Describing quality of life trajectories in young Hispanic women with breast cancer: 5-year results from a large prospective cohort.

Introduction: Cancer treatments have a detrimental impact on the quality of life (QoL) of young women with breast cancer (YWBC). Research exploring QoL trajectories has been mostly centered on postmenopausal women. Here we report longitudinal changes across all QoL domains and associated factors in YWBC.