Artificial Oxygen Carriers Save Lives in Expanded Access Use: Three Cases when Blood Was Not an Option.

Clinical Features: Sickle cell patients may develop a multitude of antibodies and experience life-threatening events with transfusion such as hyperhemolysis syndrome or delayed hemolytic transfusion reaction. Further transfusion may not be possible in such cases.

Therapeutic Challenge: When conventional blood products are not available for transfusion yet the patient requires additional oxygen-carrying support, artificial oxygen carriers may be required.

Modulating the p53-MDM2 pathway: the therapeutic potential of natural compounds in cancer treatment.

The p53-MDM2 pathway plays a crucial role regulating tumor suppression and is a focal point of cancer research. This literature review delves into the complex interplay between the tumor suppressor protein p53 and its main regulator MDM2, highlighting their interaction and implications in cancer development and progression. The review compiles and summarizes the existing understanding of the biology and regulation of p53 and MDM2, emphasizing their roles in various cellular processes, including cell cycle regulation, DNA repair, apoptosis, and metabolism.

Case Report: Catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome in a pediatric patient after percutaneous treatment of aortic re-coarctation.

A female patient in middle childhood was diagnosed with coarctation of the aorta at one month of age and underwent a successful cortectomy. At 11 years old, she developed re-coarctation, which was managed through interventional cardiology. Shortly after the procedure, she experienced a sudden and severe clinical decline, presenting with hypoperfusion of the lower extremities, gastrointestinal bleeding, acute kidney injury, and pancreatitis.

Metagenomic analysis of fungal assemblages at a regional scale in high-altitude temperate forest soils: alternative methods to determine diversity, composition and environmental drivers.

Background: Understanding the diversity and distribution of fungal communities at a regional scale is important since fungi play a crucial role in ecosystem functioning. Our study used environmental metagenomics to determine fungal communities in mountainous forest soils in the central highlands of Mexico.

Methods: We used four different bioinformatic workflows to profile fungal assemblages, .

Constructing age-structured matrix population models for all fishes.

Matrix population models are essential tools in conservation biology, offering key metrics to guide species management and conservation planning. However, the development of these models is often limited by insufficient life history data, particularly for non-charismatic species. This study addresses this gap by using life history data from FishBase and the FishLife R package, complemented by size-dependent natural mortality estimates, to parameterize age-structured matrix population models applicable to most fish species.

Mechanisms of Keap1/Nrf2 modulation in bacterial infections: implications in persistence and clearance.

Pathogenic bacteria trigger complex molecular interactions in hosts that are characterized mainly by an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) as well as an inflammation-associated response. To counteract oxidative damage, cells respond through protective mechanisms to promote resistance and avoid tissue damage and infection; among these cellular mechanisms the activation or inhibition of the nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is frequently observed. The transcription factor Nrf2 is considered the regulator of several hundred cytoprotective and antioxidant genes.

The innate defenders: a review of natural killer cell immunotherapies in cancer.

Cancer is a condition that has been with us for centuries; however, the therapies that have been developed are often associated with significant toxicity and various side effects. Recent advances in immunology have revealed the potential of the immune system to fight cancer, leading to the emergence of immunotherapy. This review focuses on Natural Killer (NK) cells, innate immune effectors with a remarkable ability to directly kill cancer cells.

The response of health systems to the needs of migrants and refugees in the COVID-19 pandemic: a comparative case study between Mexico, Colombia and Peru.

Background: Protecting the health of migrants and refugees during the pandemic was a significant challenge in the Latin American region. We aimed to describe and contrast the response of the health systems of Mexico, Colombia and Perú to migrants' and refugees' health needs during the COVID-19 pandemic, and to situate the response in the context of the migration and health policies of each country.

Methods: We conducted case studies of the three countries.

Treatment with Sulodexide Downregulates Biomarkers for Endothelial Dysfunction in Convalescent COVID-19 Patients.

Introduction: Persistent elevation of biomarkers associated with endothelial dysfunction in convalescent COVID-19 patients has been linked to an increased risk of long-term cardiovascular complications, including long COVID syndrome. Sulodexide, known for its vascular endothelial affinity, has demonstrated pleiotropic protective properties. This study aims to evaluate the impact of sulodexide on serum levels of endothelial dysfunction biomarkers in patients during the convalescent phase of COVID-19.

The Linear Retrograde Infiltration (LiRi) Technique for Buttock Fat Infiltration: A Cohort Evolution.

Background: Autologous fat grafting in the buttocks has gained great popularity However, one of the main risks is infiltration of fat into the systemic venous system, leading to potential complications such as macroscopic fatty embolism (MAFE), which can be fatal.

Objectives: This study evaluated the safety and efficacy of the LiRi (Linear Retrograde infiltration) for autologous fat grafting in the buttocks, and its evolution over a six-month follow-up period.

Methods: The procedure was performed in 114 patients.

Microstructural Assessment of Molybdenum Disulfide Coatings Using Nanoindentation Hardness.

MoS coatings are used extensively in aerospace and defense applications due to their ultralow friction and high wear resistance. Burnished and resin-bonded MoS coatings are commonly used in these applications due to simplicity in deposition and history of use, despite issues with consistency in coating properties and performance. Physical vapor deposition (PVD) of MoS thin films has emerged as a process alternative in the past 50 years, promising far greater control over film structure and composition but at a greater cost.

Head and Neck Rhabdomyosarcoma in Pediatric Patients: An International Collaborative Study.

Background: Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS), a rare malignant tumor, frequently affects pediatric patients, with 35%-40% occurring in the head and neck. This study analyzes the clinicopathologic profile of pediatric head and neck rhabdomyosarcomas from Brazil, Guatemala, Mexico, and South Africa.

Methods: We reviewed 44 cases from 10 Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology services, conducting immunohistochemical analyses of desmin, myogenin, Myo-D1, and Ki67, with quantification via QuPath software.

Patient and public involvement in neonatal research - experiences and insights from parents and researchers.

Background: Involving parents in decisions about the care of their infant is common practice in most neonatal intensive care units. However, involvement is less common in neonatal research and a gap appears to exist in understanding the process of patient and public involvement. The aim of this study was to explore parents and researchers' experiences of patient and public involvement in a neonatal research project.

Burdens of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease attributable to sugar-sweetened beverages in 184 countries.

The consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) is associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). However, an updated and comprehensive assessment of the global burden attributable to SSBs remains scarce. Here we estimated SSB-attributable T2D and CVD burdens across 184 countries in 1990 and 2020 globally, regionally and nationally, incorporating data from the Global Dietary Database, jointly stratified by age, sex, educational attainment and urbanicity.

Prevalence of and factors associated with long COVID among diverse healthcare workers in the UK: a cross-sectional analysis of a nationwide study (UK-REACH).

Objectives: To assess the prevalence of UK healthcare workers (HCWs) who reported symptoms of COVID-19 lasting for longer than 5 weeks and examine associated factors with experiencing long COVID in an ethnically diverse cohort.

Design: A cross-sectional study using data from the UK Research study into Ethnicity And COVID-19 Outcomes in HCWs cohort study.

Setting: Data were collected electronically between December 2020 and March 2021.

[Total hip arthroplasty secondary to ocronotic arthropathy. A case report].

Introduction: alkaptonuria is a rare hereditary metabolic disorder which is characterized by deficiency of the enzyme homogentisate 1,2 dioxygenase, which is responsible for the oxidation and renal elimination of homogentisic acid (HGA), which causes its accumulation. The excessive accumulation of HGA results in ochronosis and ochronotic arthropathy, which mainly affects the thoracolumbar spine and the large joints, leading to the need for joint replacement seeking to improve function and quality of life.

Clinical Case: hereby is presented a 67-years-old female patient with history of alkaptonuria with diffuse painful right hip of 4 years of evolution.

[Hand infections. Part 1: General and superficial hand infections].

This review article will cover both general aspects of hand infections and the most common superficial hand infections. Hand and wrist infections are commonly encountered in clinical practice both by the generalist orthopaedic surgeon and the hand surgeon. Clinically, they appear as a spectrum, from easy to resolve superficial infections, to life and limb threatening deep infections (for example, necrotizing fasciitis).

[Clinical-functional results in patients with Weber A and B fractures with early rehabilitation and early weight bearing protected with circular appliance immobilization].

Introduction: the post-surgical management of ankle fractures is still controversial, and there is no consensus on which rehabilitation regimen should be included as the best. The objective of the study was to describe the clinical and functional results of post-surgical patients with A/B Weber ankle fracture managed with early rehabilitation through early support and immobilization with circular appliance immobilization.

Material And Methods: prospective observational study of patients with postoperative Weber A and B ankle fractures, who were prescribed a program of early gradual weight-bearing and protected with a circular appliance and were compared with patients who did not receive weight-bearing.

[Triangular fibrocartilage complex and ligamentary injuries: correlation between MRI and wrist arthroscopy findings].

Introduction: wrist ligament injuries and triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) lesions are common but often underdiagnosed conditions causing chronic wrist pain. The diagnostic challenge necessitates a combination of clinical examination, imaging studies, and arthroscopy, considered the gold standard. Ligament injuries, particularly scapholunate ligament (SL), and TFCC lesions account for significant wrist instability and ulnar-sided wrist pain, respectively.

[Risk factors for the development of surgical wound infections in patients with closed fractures].

Introduction: orthopedic device-associated infections (ODI) are considered surgical site infections (SSI). SSIs are generally attributed to contamination during surgery, but they require certain factors for their development. Therefore, the objective of this study was to analyze the risk factors for the development of SSIs in patients with closed fractures.

Distribution of the Pfirrmann Classification by BMI and Age in a Mexican Population.

This study aimed to delineate trends in intervertebral disc degeneration among Mexican patients, specifically focusing on the distribution and correlation between BMI and Pfirrmann classification results within the Mexican population. Conducted using the public health database of Mexico City. The study involved 51 patients sampled via convenience sampling, with exclusive utilization of internal MRI data from L4-L5 and L5-S1 discs.

[Total knee artroplasty: degree of post-operative functionality in adults].

Introduction: the two most used types of prosthesis are posterior cruciate ligament preserving (CR) and posterostabilized (PS). Proponents of CR TKA cited greater stability, greater range of motion, better proprioception, and greater kickback associated with the native posterior cruciate ligament.

Objective: to assess the degree of pain, return of mobility and functionality of the joint of patients who had TKA, between the years January 2018 and December 2022 at the Juárez Centro Medical Surgical Unit, using their records as a study unit.