Surgical Treatment for Scaphocephaly Using a Modified Melbourne Technique in Mexico: An Illustrative Case and Literature Review.

Craniosynostosis is the premature fusion of one or more skull vault sutures, most commonly the sagittal sutures, leading to a long, narrow head shape known as scaphocephaly. Surgery is recommended to create space for brain growth to treat scaphocephaly. Delayed treatment may require more complex surgery to achieve the desired head shape.

Types of Injuries and the Severity of Shoulder Dysfunction Associated with Diabetes Mellitus in Patients with Functional Impairment: A Case-Control Study.

Background/objectives: Patients with diabetes have been reported to experience a higher prevalence of shoulder disorders compared to those without diabetes or with other medical conditions. However, the specific types of shoulder injuries and the extent of functional impairment associated with diabetes mellitus remain unclear. This study aimed to assess the association between diabetes and specific shoulder injuries, as well as the degree of functional impairment in affected patients.

Ectopic Papillary Thyroid Cancer: About a Case.

Cervical lymph nodes can indicate various inflammatory or cancerous conditions. Ectopic thyroid carcinoma, particularly papillary carcinoma, can be found in resected lymph nodes even without clinical thyroid abnormalities, known as hidden (incidental) metastasis. We present the case of a 42-year-old woman with a 5 cm thyroid nodule and associated symptoms.

Parenting Educational Styles and Obesity Association in Mexican Children.

Introduction Obesity can develop from childhood through adulthood and is influenced by genetics, family, and environmental factors. Parenting educational style is believed to contribute to an individual's future weight status. This study aims to assess the connection between parenting educational style and weight-related issues.

Metformin modulates corticosteroids hormones in adrenals cells promoting Mycobacterium tuberculosis elimination in human macrophages.

Research suggests that both tuberculosis (TB) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have an immuno-endocrine imbalance characterized by dysregulated proinflammatory molecules and hormone levels (high cortisol/DHEA ratio), impeding an effective immune response against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) driven by cytokines, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), and androgens like DHEA. Insulin, sulfonylurea derivatives, and metformin are commonly used glucose-lowering drugs in patients suffering from TB and T2DM. For this comorbidity, metformin is an attractive target to restore the immunoendocrine mechanisms dysregulated against Mtb.

Analysis of Survival Modification by Furosemide Use in a Cohort of Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients with Severe or Critical Disease in Mexico: Due to Its Chemical Structure, Furosemide Is More than Just a Diuretic.

In the ongoing fight against Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), researchers are exploring potential treatments to improve outcomes, especially in severe cases. This includes investigating the repurposing of existing medications, such as furosemide, which is widely available. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of furosemide on mortality rates among COVID-19 patients with severe or critical illness.

Cervical Cancer in Mexico: From a Renowned Vaccination Program to Unfulfilled Needs in Treatment Access.

Mexico's national human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination program was established in 2008, providing free access to HPV vaccines and quickly becoming an immense success story, achieving significant coverage among young Mexican females. However, despite these efforts and notable achievements, cervical cancer caused mainly by HPV remains a challenging issue among Mexican women aged 15 years or older. A critical obstacle faced by women in the country is a lack of early detection and screening resources, coupled with delays in diagnosis and treatment, exacerbated by the poor distribution of already insufficient healthcare resources.

Health Care Delays and Social Suffering Among Indigenous People with Diabetic Foot Complications in Mexico.

Diabetic foot (DF) is a leading cause of nontraumatic lower-extremity amputations, premature death, and a sign of social inequality in diabetes treatment. In Mexico, the incidence of DF is on the rise yet little is known about its impact among indigenous people, a disadvantaged group. Based on ethnographic research conducted in Oaxaca and analysis of institutional health-data, in this article we show the health care delays that rural indigenous people face when dealing with DF.

Perioperative Use of Levosimendan in Hepatic Transplantation With Diastolic Heart Failure: A Case Report.

Levosimendan is a medication with a range of pharmacological effects, making it appropriate for use in several clinical settings, including advanced heart failure with pulmonary hypertension, cardiogenic shock, and acute heart failure. This case report details the perioperative management of a male in their 40s with a complex medical history, including primary hypoparathyroidism, cirrhosis, and severe pulmonary hypertension, who underwent urgent cadaveric donor liver transplantation. Information available on the perioperative use of levosimendan is still insufficient to be able to regulate behaviors that can guide its management on a regular basis.

Surgical Treatment of Falcotentorial Meningioma: An Illustrative Case Report and Literature Review.

Falcotentorial meningiomas are rare tumors, representing only 2-3% of all intracranial meningiomas. These tumors can grow rapidly, leading to severe neurological complications. They grow at the junction of the tentorium cerebelli and the falx cerebri, in close proximity to the great vein of Galen.

Incidence of hip fractures in Mexico 2006-2019: increasing numbers but decreasing rates.

Unlabelled: This study, characterizing the incidence of hip fractures in Mexico, showed not only that the crude number of fractures has increased, but also there has been a decrease in fracture rates. Nonetheless, as the population ages in the coming decades, the current declines rate of could be expected to reverse.

Purpose: This study is to examine the incidence, rates, and time trends of hip fractures from 2006 to 2019 in Mexico.

p38 Molecular Targeting for Next-Generation Multiple Myeloma Therapy.

Resistance to therapy and disease progression are the main causes of mortality in most cancers. In particular, the development of resistance is an important limitation affecting the efficacy of therapeutic alternatives for cancer, including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy. Signaling pathways are largely responsible for the mechanisms of resistance to cancer treatment and progression, and multiple myeloma is no exception.

Easy and Safe Clamping of the Internal Jugular Vein and Internal Carotid Artery for End-to-Side Anastomosis in the Vessel-Depleted Neck.

Background: Damage to the vascular system resulting from radiotherapy and previous surgeries in patients with recurrent neck tumors has a negative impact on secondary reconstructions. In this study, we describe a simple method for occlusion of the great vessels of the neck in patients with difficult access to recipient vessels for anastomosis.

Methods: A 1 or 0 gauge silk ligature is placed at a circumference of 540 degrees around the vessel, holding the base of the suture with a fine hemostatic clamp exerting sufficient pressure to stop the blood flow in the vessel (internal carotid artery or internal jugular vein), to prepare the end-to-side anastomosis to the flap.

Aphasia improvement without logotherapy during motor neurorehabilitation of post-stroke hemiparesis using virtual reality or modified constraint-induced movement therapy: A retrospective cohort.

Background: Some research suggests that post-stroke aphasia can recover "on its own", however, there is evidence of a common neural substrate for motor and language systems. We hypothesize, that motor neurorehabilitation of hemiparesis could be related to simultaneous improvement in aphasia.

Objective: To measure changes in post-stroke aphasia and its relation with hemiparesis treated with different therapies.

Urban Stress and its Association with Symptoms of Depression, Fatigue, and Sleep Disruption in Women in Mexico City.

Women in urban neighborhoods often face disproportionately higher levels of environmental and social stressors; however, the health effects from urban stressors remains poorly understood. We aimed to evaluate the association between urban stress and symptoms of depression, fatigue, and sleep disruption in a cohort of 460 women in Mexico City. To assess urban stress, women were administered the Urban Annoyances (Nuisances Environnementales) scale.

Management of Late Twin-to-Twin Transfusion Syndrome beyond 26 Weeks: Comparison between Fetoscopic Laser Therapy versus Traditional Management.

Introduction: A proportion of monochorionic diamniotic (MCDA) twin pregnancies complicated by twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) can present after 26 weeks of gestation. The aim of this study was to compare perinatal outcomes of late TTTS treated by fetoscopic laser coagulation versus traditional management with amniodrainage and/or emergency preterm cesarean delivery (CD).

Methods: Retrospective cohort from January 2012 to January 2023 of consecutive MCDA twin pregnancies complicated by TTTS after 26 weeks and evaluated in our referring centers.

Spontaneous Intracranial Hemorrhage Associated With an Intracranial Meningioma.

Spontaneous intracranial hemorrhage associated with an intracranial meningioma is rare, with a reported incidence of below 2.4% of all meningiomas. Such cases are described with a cause subdural with intratumoral hemorrhage, which is a challenge for patients and healthcare professionals because it can occur spontaneously without other pathological antecedents.

Solitary Extramedullary Plasmacytoma of the Head and Neck: A Report of Three Cases Treated With Curative Radiotherapy and a Review of the Dose-Control Relationship.

Solitary plasmacytoma is an uncommon hematologic malignancy characterized by the monoclonal proliferation of abnormal plasma cells in the bone or extramedullary tissues and the absence of other multiple myeloma-defining clinical characteristics. Mostly, solitary extramedullary plasmacytoma (SEP) occurs in the head and neck region, also called solitary extramedullary plasmacytoma of the head and neck (SEPHN). Although the standard of care for SEPHN is not well established, either a surgical approach or localized external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) can be used as a definitive treatment.

Cytomegalovirus seropositivity correlates with both human β-defensin 1 and IFN-γ downregulation in women with obesity.

Human β-defensin 1 (hBD-1) is a constitutively expressed antimicrobial peptide with antiviral properties. CMV seropositivity has been associated with obesity. It is unknown if hBD-1 levels of are altered in women with obesity and/or CMV seropositivity.

A Multi-Component Educational Intervention for Addressing Levels of Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviors of Schoolchildren.

Physical inactivity and a sedentary lifestyle are risk factors for excess weight and obesity in childhood. It is, therefore, necessary to adopt strategies which can modify these behaviors during childhood, the age at which habits are formed. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of an educational intervention using digital media and face-to-face activities involving children, parents, and the school community on the level of physical activity and sedentary behavior among schoolchildren.

Associations between early-life exposure to PM and reductions in childhood lung function in two North American longitudinal pregnancy cohort studies.

Unlabelled: Data integration of epidemiologic studies across different geographic regions can provide enhanced exposure contrast and statistical power to examine adverse respiratory effects of early-life exposure to particulate matter <2.5 microns in diameter (PM). Methodological tools improve our ability to combine data while more fully accounting for study heterogeneity.

Changes in depressive and anxiety symptoms during COVID-19 in children from the PROGRESS cohort.

Background: We assessed associations between maternal stress, social support, and child resiliency during the COVID-19 pandemic in relation to changes in anxiety and depression symptoms in children in Mexico City.

Methods: Participants included 464 mother-child pairs from a longitudinal birth cohort in Mexico City. At ages 8-11 (pre-COVID, 2018-2019) and 9-12 (during COVID, May-Nov 2020) years, depressive symptoms were assessed using the child and parent-reported Children's Depressive Inventory.

Fracture incidence in children and adolescents 0-19 years old in Mexico: a 12-year cross-sectional analysis.

Unlabelled: The objective was to know the behavior of fractures in Mexican children and adolescents. According to our study, fractures in Mexican male children and adolescents seem to be decreasing; however, we still need more national studies to know the possible causes of these fractures.

Purpose: To describe the trends of fractures in Mexican children and adolescents across a 12-year period (2007 to 2019), and to analyze if these trends have changed over time between sexes and age groups.

Herpesvirus Screening in Childhood Hematopoietic Transplant Reveals High Systemic Inflammation in Episodes of Multiple Viral Detection and an EBV Association with Elevated IL-1β, IL-8 and Graft-Versus-Host Disease.

Infections remain a major cause of morbidity and mortality among hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients. Unlike Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) and Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV), Human Herpesvirus (HHV) 6, HHV7 and HHV8 are not routinely monitored in many centers, especially in the pediatric population of low-medium income countries. We screened EBV, HCMV, HHV6, HHV7 and HHV8 in 412 leukocytes-plasma paired samples from 40 pediatric patients assisted in a tertiary hospital in Mexico.

Atlas of Nervous System Vascular Malformations: A Systematic Review.

Vascular malformations are frequent in the head and neck region, affecting the nervous system. The wide range of therapeutic approaches demand the correct anatomical, morphological, and functional characterization of these lesions supported by imaging. Using a systematic search protocol in PubMed, Google Scholar, Ebsco, Redalyc, and SciELO, the authors extracted clinical studies, review articles, book chapters, and case reports that provided information about vascular cerebral malformations, in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.