[Two Cases of Advanced Gastric Cancer Diagnosed as Pathological Complete Response after Preoperative Chemotherapy with S-1 and Oxaliplatin].

We herein report 2 cases of gastric cancer treated by S-1 and oxaliplatin combination therapy before later undergoing gastrectomy. The pathological results of both cases demonstrated complete response. Case 1 had a giant tumor which was suspected to have invaded the pancreas.

Spatial resolution compensation by adjusting the reconstruction kernels for iterative reconstruction images of computed tomography.

Purpose: Hybrid iterative reconstruction (IR) is useful to reduce noise in computed tomography (CT) images. However, it often decreases the spatial resolution. The ability of high spatial resolution kernels (harder kernels) to compensate for the decrease in the spatial resolution of hybrid IRs was investigated.

Correlation Between Telomere Attrition of Zona Fasciculata and Adrenal Weight Reduction in Older Men.

Context: Although numerous theories are reported on sex differences in longevity, the underlying biological mechanisms remain unknown. We previously reported that telomere length in the zona reticularis cells of the human adrenal cortex was significantly longer in older than that in younger subjects. However, we could not evaluate sex differences in the telomere lengths.

Correlation Between Differentiation of Adrenocortical Zones and Telomere Lengths Measured by Q-FISH.

Context: Adrenocortical zonation is associated with a markedly complex developmental process, and the pathogenesis and/or etiology of many disorders of adrenocortical zonal development have remained unknown. Cells from the three adrenocortical zones are morphologically and functionally differentiated, and the mature stage of cell development or senescence has been recently reported to be correlated with telomere length. However, the telomere length of each adrenocortical zonal cell has not yet been studied in human adrenal glands.

Long-term observation of antimicrobial susceptibility and molecular characterisation of Campylobacter jejuni isolated in a Japanese general hospital 2000-2017.

Objectives: Campylobacter jejuni (C. jejuni) is one of the most common pathogens that causes gastroenteritis. Because there is currently insufficient epidemiological information about the antimicrobial susceptibility and molecular characterisation of clinical isolates of C.

[A Case of Unresectable Pancreas Cancer with 32 Months Survival after Chemotherapy].

We report a case of unresectable pancreas cancer. A 70-year-old woman presented with worsening diabetes and serum CA19-9 elevation. A tumor with portal vein and supra-mesenteric vein invasion was observed by computed tomography.

Periodic Slow Waves Presenting as Ictal Electroencephalography Findings in Complex Partial Status Epilepticus.

The diagnosis of nonconvulsive status epilepticus (NCSE) largely relies on electroencephalography (EEG) findings, but the existing diagnostic criteria for EEG results are sometimes inconsistent. Much debate has centered on periodic epileptic discharges (PEDs) and their relationship with seizures. The recently published Salzburg Consensus Criteria for diagnosis of NCSE, which consider PEDs to be ictal findings under several conditions, have been proven to have high diagnostic accuracy.

Molecular Characterization of Fluoroquinolone-Resistant Moraxella catarrhalis Variants Generated by Stepwise Selection.

causes respiratory infections. In this study, fluoroquinolone-resistant strains were selected to evaluate the mechanism of fluoroquinolone resistance. Strains with reduced fluoroquinolone susceptibility were obtained by stepwise selection in levofloxacin, and fluoroquinolone targets and were sequenced.

How can we identify patients with delirium in the emergency department?: A review of available screening and diagnostic tools.

Delirium is a widespread and serious but under-recognized problem. Increasing evidence argues that emergency health care providers need to assess the mental status of the patient as the "sixth vital sign". A simple, sensitive, time-efficient, and cost-effective tool is needed to identify delirium in patients in the emergency department (ED); however, a stand-alone measurement has not yet been established despite previous studies partly because the differential diagnosis of dementia and delirium superimposed on dementia (DSD) is too difficult to achieve using a single indicator.

Accuracy of oncologist assessments of psychiatric problems in cancer inpatients.

Objective: Our objective was to examine the accuracy of non-psychiatrist assessments of psychiatric problems in cancer patients.

Method: We conducted a retrospective chart review of cancer patients who were admitted and referred to the consultation-liaison (C-L) team between January of 2011 and December of 2012. The agreement between non-psychiatrist assessments and final diagnoses by attending C-L psychiatrists was estimated for every category of referral assessment using codes from the International Classification of Mental and Behavioral Disorders (10th revision).

Pantoea calida bacteremia in an adult with end-stage stomach cancer under inpatient care.

Pantoea calida is a gram-negative bacillus that was first identified in 2010. Here, we describe the first known case of P. calida bacteremia in a 77-year-old woman with end-stage stomach cancer under inpatient care.

[A Study of Therapy for Locally Advanced Breast Cancer with Metastasis].

We reviewed 21 patients with locally advanced breast cancer with distant metastasis.The median age was 61 years.The median time to presentation at hospital was 13 months, and the median neoplasm diameter on the first visit was 10 cm.

Antimicrobial susceptibility to β-lactam antibiotics and production of BRO β-lactamase in clinical isolates of Moraxella catarrhalis from a Japanese hospital.

We investigated BRO-β-lactamase production of Moraxella catarrhalis isolates and its antimicrobial susceptibility to β-lactams. Of the 233 isolates, 232 were BRO producers and 224 were BRO-1 producers. Four isolates exhibited elevated ceftriaxone minimum inhibitory concentration (2 μg/mL) and different pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns and we expect this number to increase in the near future.

[A CASE OF WELL-DIFFERENTIATED LIPOSARCOMA IN THE RIGHT SCROTUM, DIAGNOSED AFTER LOCAL TUMOR EXCISION].

A 71-year-old male was referred to our hospital with right scrotal swelling. The ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed a 6.5 cm mass adjacent to the right testicle.

Reconsideration of the diagnosis and treatment of childhood migraine: A practical review of clinical experiences.

Objective: To provide insight into the wide spectrum of migraine during childhood to establish practical and comprehensive treatment strategies.

Background: Although recent studies have confirmed the effect of anti-migraine agents in childhood headaches fulfilling the criteria of migraine without aura, there have been no studies regarding the efficacy of these drugs in childhood migraine without aura not filling the diagnostic criteria.

Methods: In total, 154 patients with a clinical diagnosis of migraine, with onset of repetitive headaches at the age of ⩽15years, were retrospectively included from clinics in seven tertiary medical centers.

Evaluation of the modified carbapenem inactivation method and sodium mercaptoacetate-combination method for the detection of metallo-β-lactamase production by carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae.

We evaluated the effectiveness of carbapenem inactivation method (CIM) and modified CIM (mCIM). Our results indicated that mCIM with 4h incubation improved sensitivity and specificity for detecting carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae compared to CIM. Additionally, we developed a sodium mercaptoacetate-combination method (SMA-mCIM) to detect metallo-β-lactamase (MBL) with high sensitivity and specificity.

Outcomes after resection of occupational cholangiocarcinoma.

Background: Cholangiocarcinoma caused by exposure to 1,2-dichloropropane and/or dichloromethane is recognized as occupational cholangiocarcinoma. The aim of this study was to investigate the outcomes after resection of occupational cholangiocarcinoma to establish a treatment strategy for this disease.

Methods: Clinicopathological findings and outcomes after surgical intervention in 20 patients with occupational cholangiocarcinoma were investigated.

Comparison of the Modified-Hodge test, Carba NP test, and carbapenem inactivation method as screening methods for carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae.

We compared three screening methods for carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae. While the Modified-Hodge test and Carba NP test produced false-negative results for OXA-48-like and mucoid NDM producers, the carbapenem inactivation method (CIM) showed positive results for these isolates. Although the CIM required cultivation time, it is well suited for general clinical laboratories.

[A case of rectal cancer with multiple liver metastases successfully treated by repeated hepatectomy].

A 61-year-old man was diagnosed with rectal cancer with multiple liver metastases in December 2009, and low anterior resection of the rectum was performed. Postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy with 6 courses of oxaliplatin, Leucovorin, and 5-FU (FOLFOX4) and bevacizumab was initiated, followed by 5 courses of fluorouracil, Leucovorin, and irinotecan (FOLFIRI) and bevacizumab. Right posterior segment (S6, S7) hepatectomy with enucleation of S2, S3 and S5 was performed, and chemotherapy with FOLFOX4 (11 courses) was administered.

[A case of gastric cancer accompanied by disseminated carcinomatosis of the bone marrow successfully controlled by S-1 and cisplatin combination therapy].

We report a case of gastric cancer accompanied by disseminated carcinomatosis of the bone marrow treated with S-1 and cisplatin( CDDP) combination chemotherapy. The patient was a 68-year-old woman who was detected as having disseminated intravascular coagulation( DIC) during an examination for gastric cancer and she was diagnosed as having disseminated carcinomatosis of the bone marrow by lumbar puncture. She was immediately treated with S-1 and CDDP combination chemotherapy( S-1, 80 mg/body orally administered[ po] on days 1-21 and CDDP, 60 mg/body intravenously [iv] administered on day 8) and her DIC improved on the fourth day.

[Preoperative chemotherapy for advanced gastric cancer].

In the present study, we evaluated the outcome of preoperative treatment with S-1 and CDDP for the treatment of advanced gastric cancer. Fifty-five cases of advanced gastric cancer received pre-operative treatment with S-1 and CDDP. The tumor control rate( PR and CR according to RECIST criteria) was 55%.

[Long-term survival of a case with advanced sigmoid colon cancer and Virchow's lymph node metastasis].

A 63-year-old man presented with a tumor in his left supraclavicular fossa. Aspiration biopsy of the tumor revealed metastasis of an adenocarcinoma. Further examination indicated the presence of advanced sigmoid colon cancer with metastases to Virchow's lymph nodes and the para-aortic lymph nodes.

[A case of successful radical resection of rectal cancer with neo-adjuvant chemoradiotherapy].

In cases of advanced rectal cancer, preoperative chemoradiotherapy( CRT) serves to improve the local control rate, survival rate, radical resection rate, and/or probability of sphincter muscle preservation. According to the Japanese Society for Cancer of the Colon and Rectum (JSCCR) guidelines 2010 for the treatment of colorectal cancer, preoperative CRT is the standard treatment for rectal cancer in Europe and the United States. However, there is insufficient evidence in support of its efficacy and safety in Japan, and therefore, CRT needs to be evaluated in properly designed clinical trials.

[Contact investigation using QuantiFERON-TB Gold test to evaluate TB exposure in 61 subjects in a hospital setting--(1) Outline of the outbreak and its clinical picture].

The index case was a patient who was admitted to a general hospital and treated with pulsed corticosteroid therapy; her breathing was assisted by a respirator. Soon she developed tuberculosis (TB) and died. Immediately after her death, QuantiFERON-TB Gold (QFT) test was conducted in healthcare workers who were in close contact with the index case.

[A case of encephalopathy that was suspected to be caused by chemotherapy for colon cancer].

We report a case of encephalopathy that was suspected to be caused by chemotherapy for liver metastasis from sigmoid colon cancer. A 72-year-old male was suspected that he had drug-induced eukoencephalopathy because he was presented with physical disorders during the FOLFOX/bevacizumab therapy. Although a brain MRI revealed Alzheimer disease, leukoencephalopathy was not excluded from the diagnoses due to a fact that his findings could not be compared before and after the chemotherapy.