Artificial intelligence for diagnosing exudative age-related macular degeneration.

Background: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a retinal disorder characterized by central retinal (macular) damage. Approximately 10% to 20% of non-exudative AMD cases progress to the exudative form, which may result in rapid deterioration of central vision. Individuals with exudative AMD (eAMD) need prompt consultation with retinal specialists to minimize the risk and extent of vision loss.

Disparities in the implantation of secondary prevention implantable cardioverter defibrillator in the United States.

Background: The annual incidence of sudden cardiac death is over 300,000 in the United States (US). Historically, inpatient implantation of secondary prevention implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) has been variable and subject to healthcare disparities.

Objective: To evaluate contemporary practice trends of inpatient secondary prevention ICD implants within the US on the basis of race, sex, and socioeconomic status (SES).

Ongoing contraceptive goals of patients who did not achieve desired postpartum permanent contraception prior to hospital discharge.

Objective: To evaluate reasons for non-fulfillment and ongoing contraceptive plans of patients who desired but did not receive inpatient postpartum permanent contraception (PC).

Study Design: Multi-site retrospective cohort study of 1254 patients with unfulfilled inpatient postpartum PC. We analyzed the reason for PC non-fulfillment, documented contraceptive plan, and method prescription or provision at hospital discharge, six-weeks, and one-year postpartum.

Case Series and Review of Literature for Superior Vena Cava Injury During Laser Lead Extraction.

Transvenous laser lead extraction poses a risk of major complications (0.19%-1.8%), notably injury to the superior vena cava (SVC) in 0.

Neurodevelopmental Outcomes After Late Preterm Antenatal Corticosteroids: The ALPS Follow-Up Study.

Importance: The Antenatal Late Preterm Steroids (ALPS) trial changed clinical practice in the United States by finding that antenatal betamethasone at 34 to 36 weeks decreased short-term neonatal respiratory morbidity. However, the trial also found increased risk of neonatal hypoglycemia after betamethasone. This follow-up study focused on long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes after late preterm steroids.

Causal Association Analysis of Periodontitis and Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization Study.

Background: Periodontitis has been reported to be associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including ulcerative colitis (UC), and Crohn's disease (CD). However, the causality of these 2 diseases remains unclear. We conducted bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) to investigate the causal relationship between periodontitis and IBD.

Documentation of prenatal contraceptive counseling and fulfillment of permanent contraception: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Barriers exist for the provision of surgery for permanent contraception in the postpartum period. Prenatal counseling has been associated with increased rates of fulfillment of desired postpartum contraception in general, although it is unclear if there is impact on permanent contraception specifically. Thus, we aimed to investigate the association between initial timing for prenatal documentation of a contraceptive plan for permanent contraception and fulfillment of postpartum contraception for those receiving counseling.

Symptom effects and central mechanism of acupuncture in patients with functional gastrointestinal disorders: a systematic review based on fMRI studies.

Background: Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) are closely related to disorders of brain-gut interaction. FGIDs are the dominant disease of acupuncture treatment, which can improve the symptoms and emotional state.

Aim: To evaluate the results and quality of the available clinical evidence and to summarize the central mechanism and effect of acupuncture on FGIDs.

Breastfeeding Initiation, Duration, and Associated Factors Among People With Hepatitis C Virus Infection.

Objective: To characterize breastfeeding behaviors and identify factors associated with breastfeeding initiation among people with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection.

Methods: We conducted a secondary analysis of a multicenter observational cohort of pregnant people with singleton gestations and HCV seropositivity. This analysis includes individuals with data on breastfeeding initiation and excludes those with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) co-infection.

Mortality post in-patient catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation in rural versus urban areas: Insights from national inpatient sample database.

Background: A growing body of evidence is supportive of early atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation to maintain sinus rhythm. Disparities in health care between rural and urban areas in the United States are well known. Catheter ablation (CA) of AF is a complex procedure and its outcomes among rural versus urban areas has not been studied in the past.

The Role of Omega-3 Fatty Acids in the Treatment of Depression in Children and Adolescents: A Literature Review.

Depression is one of the most common mental disorders diagnosed in children and adolescents. Many individuals benefit from pharmacotherapy including antidepressants, however, there is a fair likelihood of remission and recurrence. Of the several pathophysiologies, depression has been linked to inflammation.

Irritable Bowel Syndrome Is an Independent Risk Factor for Developing Opioid Use Disorder in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Background: Symptoms of IBS can fluctuate even when IBD is in clinical remission. Patients with IBD are at an increased risk of developing opioid addiction. The aim of the study was to determine whether IBS is an independent risk factor for developing opioid addiction and related gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with IBD.

Outcomes of induction vs prelabor cesarean delivery at <33 weeks for hypertensive disorders of pregnancy.

Background: Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are the leading cause of indicated preterm birth; however, the optimal delivery approach for pregnancies complicated by preterm hypertensive disorders of pregnancy remains uncertain.

Objective: This study aimed to compare maternal and neonatal morbidity in patients with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy who either went induction of labor or prelabor cesarean delivery at <33 weeks' gestation. In addition, we aimed to quantify the length of induction of labor and rate of vaginal delivery in those who underwent induction of labor.

Outcomes of Ventricular Tachycardia Catheter Ablation in Patients Who Underwent Cardiac Defibrillator Implantation Nationwide Readmission Database Analysis.

The timing of when to perform ventricular tachycardia (VT) ablation while receiving an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) during the same hospitalization has not been explored. This study aimed to investigate the use and outcomes of VT catheter ablation in patients with sustained VT receiving ICD in the same hospital stay. The Nationwide Readmission Database 2016 to 2019 was queried for all hospitalizations with a primary diagnosis of VT with subsequent ICD during the same admission.

Time to early resuscitative intervention association with mortality in trauma patients at risk for hemorrhage.

Background: Hemorrhage is the leading cause of preventable death after injury. Others have shown that delays in massive transfusion cooler arrival increase mortality, while prehospital blood product resuscitation can reduce mortality. Our objective was to evaluate if time to resuscitation initiation impacts mortality.

Short-term neonatal outcomes of pregnancies complicated by maternal obesity.

Background: Maternal obesity complicates a high number of pregnancies. The degree to which neonatal outcomes are adversely affected is unclear.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate neonatal outcomes of pregnancies complicated by maternal obesity.