Exercise-induced BDNF production by mononuclear cells of sedentary and physically active obese men.

Background: Obesity and low physical activity changes the redox state and neurotrophin secretion by leukocytes. However, the role of exercise on brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) production and oxidative stress markers of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) remains unknown. This study aimed to verify the impact of acute maximal exercise on oxidative stress markers and the BDNF production by stimulated PBMC from sedentary and physically active obese men.

Comparison of Mechanical Insufflation-Exsufflation and Endotracheal Suctioning in Mechanically Ventilated Patients: Effects on Respiratory Mechanics, Hemodynamics, and Volume of Secretions.

Context: Cough assist (CA) is a device to improve bronchial hygiene of patients with secretion in the airways and ineffective cough.

Aims: To compare the physiological effects and the volume of secretion of mechanical insufflation-exsufflation (CA device) with isolated endotracheal suctioning in mechanically ventilated patients.

Settings And Design: Randomized crossover trial.

The modulation of inflammatory parameters, Brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels and global histone H4 acetylation status in peripheral blood of patients with Gaucher disease type 1.

Objectives: Gaucher's disease type 1 (GD1) pathophysiology includes an imbalance on brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels and in the inflammatory system. However, the pathways involved remain poorly understood. The hypothesis of this study is that epigenetic mechanisms might be involved, at least partially, in this phenomenon.

Endobronchial perfluorocarbon reduces inflammatory activity before and after lung transplantation in an animal experimental model.

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of liquid perfluorocarbon (PFC) as an adjuvant substance for lung preservation and assess its role in pulmonary protection after transplantation.

Methods: Seventy-two rat lungs were flushed with low-potassium dextran (LPD) solution and randomized into three main groups: control with LPD alone and experimental with 3 (PFC3) and 7 mL/kg (PFC7) of endobronchial PFC instilled just after harvest. Each group was divided into four subgroups according to preservation time (3, 6, 12, and 24 hours).

Factors associated with failure in ventilatory weaning of children undergone pediatric cardiac surgery.

Objective: To assess factors associated with failure in ventilatory weaning of children undergone surgical correction of congenital heart diseases.

Methods: Cohort study with 29 children. The heart diseases were divided into cyanotic (nine children) and acyanotic (20 children).