Assessment and application of tropical cyclone clustering in the South China Sea.

Accurate classification of tropical cyclone (TC) tracks is essential for evaluating and mitigating the potential disaster risks associated with TCs. In this study, three commonly used methods (K-means, Fuzzy C-Means, and Self-Organizing Maps) are assessed for clustering historical TC tracks that originated in the South China Sea from 1949 to 2023. The results show that the K-means method performs the best, while the Fuzzy C-Means and Self-Organizing Maps methods are also viable alternatives.

Assessing the impact of climate change on water requirement and yield of sugarcane over different agro-climatic zones of Tamil Nadu.

The DSSAT CANEGRO model was calibrated and verified using field experimental data from five Tamil Nadu Agroclimatic Zones (1981-2022). The genetic coefficients of the sugarcane cultivar (CO-86032) were calculated. R obtained between measured and simulated stalk fresh mass was 0.

Establishing a Gross Primary Productivity Model by SIF and PRI on the Rice Canopy.

Solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) has shown remarkable results in estimating vegetation carbon cycles, and combining it with the photochemical reflectance index (PRI) has great potential for estimating gross primary productivity (GPP). However, few studies have used SIF combined with PRI to estimate crop canopy GPP. Large temporal and spatial variability between SIF, PRI, and GPP has also been found in remote sensing observations, and the observed PRI and SIF are influenced by the ratio of different observed information (e.

Effects of Ecological Restoration and Climate Change on Herbaceous and Arboreal Phenology.

With global climate change, changes in vegetation phenology have become increasingly evident. Horqin Sandy Land is located near the eastern part of the West Liaohe River. It is the largest sandy land in China and its ecological environment is fragile.

Impacts of large-scale climatic circulation on floods through precipitation and temperature in the Lancang-Mekong River Basin.

The importance of large-scale climatic circulation impacts on precipitation and floods in the Lancang-Mekong River Basin (LMRB) has been widely acknowledged. However, the mechanisms related to the impacts of circulation on floods are not yet fully understood. To address this issue, circulations were characterized by using the climate indices, and floods were represented by the flood volume and simulated using an improved hydrological-hydrodynamic model.

Study of Changes in the Ulan Buh Desert under the Dual Impacts of Desert Farmland Development and Climate Change.

Desert farmland provides food for desert areas, but water is the main limiting factor of this region, thus desert farmland has an extremely fragile ecological environment. This study investigated the temporal and spatial variations of vegetation NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) in the Ulan Buh Desert, China, from 1990 to 2022, using long-term Landsat satellite data obtained from the Google Earth Engine platform and local statistical data. The results showed that from 1990 to 2022, the NDVI exhibited relatively small fluctuations and a steady increase.

Analysis of Growing Season Normalized Difference Vegetation Index Variation and Its Influencing Factors on the Mongolian Plateau Based on Google Earth Engine.

Frequent dust storms on the Mongolian Plateau have adversely affected the ecological environmental quality of East Asia. Studying the dynamic changes in vegetation coverage is one of the important means of evaluating ecological environmental quality in the region. In this study, we used Landsat remote sensing images from 2000 to 2019 on the Mongolian Plateau to extract yearly Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) data during the growing season.

[Transmission and Growth Characteristics of Severe PM Pollution Events from 2013 to 2021 in Xingtai, Hebei].

The correlation between the growth rate of PM with transport source, atmospheric circulation, and wind field were analyzed, focusing on the severe and above pollution process (SAAP) in Xingtai, Hebei Province from 2013 to 2021. The results showed that from 2013 to 2021, a total of 164 pollution processes and 103 SAAP occurred in Xingtai. In the ground circulation, although the probability occurrence of the inverted trough was low, the probability of pollution was the highest (61.

Reservoir operation affects propagation from meteorological to hydrological extremes in the Lancang-Mekong River Basin.

Hydrological extremes intensified by meteorological extremes are threatening water security in the Lancang-Mekong River Basin (LMRB), and reservoir operation may mitigate hydrological extreme through regulating hydrological processes during meteorological extreme. However, the capacity of reservoirs in modulating propagation from meteorological extremes to hydrological extremes has seldom been quantified. This study adopted the VIC-Reservoir hydrological model to assess the impact of reservoir operation on the propagation at multi-timescales in the LMRB.

Sensitivity of WRF/Chem simulated PM2.5 to initial/boundary conditions and planetary boundary layer parameterization schemes over the Indo-Gangetic Plain.

The ability of a chemical transport model to simulate accurate meteorological and chemical processes depends upon the physical parametrizations and quality of meteorological input data such as initial/boundary conditions. In this study, weather research and forecasting model coupled with chemistry (WRF-Chem) is used to test the sensitivity of PM predictions to planetary boundary layer (PBL) parameterization schemes (YSU, MYJ, MYNN, ACM2, and Boulac) and meteorological initial/boundary conditions (FNL, ERA-Interim, GDAS, and NCMRWF) over Indo-Gangetic Plain (Delhi, Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, and Rajasthan) during the winter period (December 2017 to January 2018). The aim is to select the model configuration for simulating PM which shows the lowest errors and best agreement with the observed data.

Third international challenge to model the medium- to long-range transport of radioxenon to four Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty monitoring stations.

In 2015 and 2016, atmospheric transport modeling challenges were conducted in the context of the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT) verification, however, with a more limited scope with respect to emission inventories, simulation period and number of relevant samples (i.e., those above the Minimum Detectable Concentration (MDC)) involved.

[Climate changes in southern Taihang Mountain area from 1980 to 2019].

Southern Taihang Mountain area is an important part of the key ecological regions along the Yellow River in China. Understanding the climate change trend in this area is of significance for the maintenance of ecological security and the planning and decision-making of major ecological projects in the Yellow River Basin. Taking Jiyuan City in southern Taihang Mountain area as the research area, we analyzed the climate change trend in Jiyuan based on the meteorological data from 1980 to 2019.

Marketplace or Hybrid: Vendor's Information Sharing with e-Retailer.

This study explores the information sharing (IS) in a supply chain (SC) with a vendor selling goods via an e-retailer to consumers. Four scenarios were considered for the multistage game between the vendor and the e-retailer, and the vendor's policy of IS and the e-retailer's decision on online platform access were discussed under each scenario. The results show that the e-retailer will access the online platform at a low fixed access fee and will not at a high fixed access fee.

Variability and time series trend analysis of rainfall in the mid-hill sub humid zone: a case study of Nauni.

The spatiotemporal variability of rainfall, particularly in the context of climate change, has been imperative for examining the cropping patterns, farming sustainable crop production, and food security in rainfed areas. To that end, trend analysis was done to study the change in rainfall patterns in the mid-hills of Himachal Pradesh. The study investigated the historical rainfall data from 1971 to 2020 on a monthly, annual, seasonal, and decadal basis by using the variability analysis methods, viz.

[Effects of Tropical Cyclones on Ozone Pollution in the Pearl River Delta in Autumn].

Based on the tropical cyclone track data in the northwest Pacific Ocean from 2015 to 2020, meteorological observation data, and ozone concentration monitoring data in the Pearl River Delta (PRD), the impacts of four tropical cyclones, namely the westbound tropical cyclone (type A), East China Sea tropical cyclone (type B), offshore tropical cyclone (type C), and offshore tropical cyclone (type D), on ozone concentration in the PRD were analyzed. The results showed that:under the influence of the type A tropical cyclone, the risk of regional ozone concentration exceeding the standard exhibited little change. Under the influence of the type B tropical cyclone, the risk of ozone exceeding the standard in the PRD was obviously increased.

Climate change and hunter-gatherers in montane eastern DR Congo.

Mountain environments experience more rapid changes in temperature than lower elevations. However, little is known about the climatic changes already observed in African mountains, or the adaptation strategies used by hunter-gatherer communities. Semi-structured interviews were administered to 100 Twa hunter-gatherers living around Mt Kahuzi in eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo (DR Congo).

Influence of meteorological conditions on the negative oxygen ion characteristics of well-known tourist resorts in China.

Using negative oxygen ion (NOI) observations, with an hourly resolution, the automatic weather station (AWS), and a comparative analysis of three well-known scenic locations, namely, Zoige Wetland Nature Reserve (ZWNR), Sichuan Panda Nature Habitat (PNH), and Hangzhou West Lake (HWL) Scenic Area was performed and the dynamic mechanisms of typical wetlands in response to a NOI surge were investigated. The findings are as follows. ① At HWL, NOI concentration was higher than in the metropolitan center.

Seasonality, atmospheric transport and inhalation risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in PM and PM from industrial belts of Odisha, India.

This study is the first attempt to assess the presence of 16 priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) enlisted by the US Environmental Protection Agency in PM and PM from industrial areas of Odisha State, India. During 2017-2018, bimonthly sampling of PM and PM was carried out for 24 h in the industrial and mining areas of Jharsuguda and Angul in Odisha during the pre-monsoon, monsoon, and post monsoon seasons. Highest mean concentration of ∑PAHs in PM was observed during the post monsoon (170 ng/m) period followed by pre-monsoon (48 ng/m) and monsoon (16 ng/m ) periods, respectively.

[Analysis of the Continuous Heavy Pollution Process in the Winter of 2016 in Beijing, Tianjin, and Hebei].

From December 16 to 21, 2016, continuous heavy haze occurred in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region of China. To further understand the development mechanism of haze and improve the forecasting of haze events, a variety of data, background circulation, and the meteorological elements of this severe haze process were comprehensively analyzed. The results show that the process lasted for a long time, pollution intensity was high, influence area was wide, visibility was low, and external transport was the main cause.

Assessment of air pollution status during COVID-19 lockdown (March-May 2020) over Bangalore City in India.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which became a global pandemic by March 2020, forced almost all countries over the world to impose the lockdown as a measure of social distancing to control the spread of infection. India also strictly implemented a countrywide lockdown, starting from 24 March to 12 May 2020. This measure resulted in the reduction of the sources of air pollution in general: industrial, commercial, and vehicular pollution in particular, with visible improvement in ambient air quality.

Analysis on the impact of two winter precipitation episodes on PM in Beijing.

In this paper, the circulation background, the characteristics of meteorological elements configuration in the boundary layer and the stable meteorological conditions in two precipitation episodes (during February 19-21, 2015 and February 10-13, 2016, respectively) within the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region are compared and analyzed. Data from conventional meteorological observations, air quality monitoring, reanalysis and numerical models are used. The results show that before the two precipitation processes in 2015 and 2016, the circulations in the middle and high latitudes of Asia and Europe demonstrate "two troughs and one ridge".