Perioperative immunotherapy plus chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone for patients with resectable pulmonary lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma.

Background: Primary pulmonary lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma (PLELC) is a rare subtype of non-small-cell lung cancer. This study aims to compare the efficacy and safety of perioperative PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor plus chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone in stage II-IIIB PLELC patients.

Patients And Methods: This retrospective study included stage II-IIIB PLELC patients.

Apatinib Mesylate Inhibits Cell Proliferation and the Metastasis of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Through ERK/ELK-1/Snail Pathway.

This study aimed to evaluate the impact of apatinib (APT) mesylate on the growth, migration ability, and underlying mechanisms in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) cell lines Kyse30 and Kyse150. Additionally, the anti-metastatic effects of APT mesylate were further validated in a nude mouse xenograft metastasis model. In vitro, APT mesylate treatment significantly reduced cell viability and migration ability in both cell lines in a dose- and time-dependent manner.

Pembrolizumab Retreatment in Patients with Advanced or Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma Who Responded to First-course Pembrolizumab-based Therapy.

Patients with metastatic solid tumors who previously had stable disease or a response with immunotherapy may derive benefit from immunotherapy retreatment. This post hoc analysis evaluated pembrolizumab retreatment in patients with advanced/metastatic urothelial carcinoma who received pembrolizumab in KEYNOTE-045, KEYNOTE-052, or KEYNOTE-361, and either stopped pembrolizumab after a complete response (CR) or completed pembrolizumab (35 cycles [∼2 yr]) with an objective response or stable disease. Upon disease progression, protocol-specified pembrolizumab retreatment (200 mg intravenously every 3 wk) was administered for ≤17 cycles.

Efficacy of local-regional radiotherapy in de novo metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients receiving chemo-immunotherapy: A multicenter, propensity score matching study.

Background: To evaluate the efficacy of local-regional radiotherapy (LRRT) in de novo metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma (dm NPC) patients receiving chemo-immunotherapy as first-line treatment and select the beneficiaries from LRRT.

Methods And Materials: M1-NPC patients receiving platinum-based chemo-immunotherapy with or without LRRT from four centers were included in this study. The propensity score matching (PSM) analysis was employed to balance the baseline characteristics between the LRRT and non-LRRT groups.

MAPK14/p38α shapes the molecular landscape of endometrial cancer and promotes tumorigenic characteristics.

The molecular underpinnings of high-grade endometrial carcinoma (HGEC) metastatic growth and survival are poorly understood. Here, we show that ascites-derived and primary tumor HGEC cell lines in 3D spheroid culture faithfully recapitulate key features of malignant peritoneal effusion and exhibit fundamentally distinct transcriptomic, proteomic, and metabolomic landscapes compared with conventional 2D monolayers. Using a genetic screening platform, we identify MAPK14 (which encodes the protein kinase p38α) as a specific requirement for HGEC in spheroid culture.

Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning Predicting Transarterial Chemoembolization Outcomes: A Systematic Review.

Background: Major society guidelines recommend transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) as the standard of care for intermediate-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. However, predicting treatment response remains challenging.

Aims: As artificial intelligence (AI) may predict therapeutic responses, this systematic review aims to assess the performance and effectiveness of radiomics and AI-based models in predicting TACE outcomes in patients with HCC.

The long-term survival outcome of sporadic bilateral renal cell carcinoma and optimization of surgical treatment: a large-scale population-based cohort study.

Sporadic bilateral renal cell carcinoma (BRCC) is a rare situation of RCC. The treatment for BRCC is controversial and there is a lack of authoritative guidelines about the management of BRCC. Patients diagnosed with sporadic BRCC between 2004 and 2020 were identified from Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database.

Target trial emulation to evaluate the effect of immune-related adverse events on outcomes in metastatic urothelial cancer.

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are an important therapeutic pillar in metastatic urothelial carcinoma (mUC). The occurrence of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) appears to be associated with improved outcomes in observational studies. However, these associations are likely affected by immortal time bias and do not represent causal effects.

Clinical and dosimetric feasibility of sparing submandibular gland in patients with oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: To investigate the incidence of submandibular gland (SMG) involvement and explore the feasibility of sparing SMG in the oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).

Methods: This study retrospectively analyzed patients between January 2018 to October 2022. Ten patients with tongue squamous cell carcinoma receiving postoperative radiotherapy were replanned to investigate the feasibility of sparing SMG.

Long-term outcomes of surgical treatment of non-small cell lung cancer with oligometastatic disease involving only the brain in the era of PET/CT.

Background: The prognosis of patients with synchronous oligometastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has been improving owing to advancements in imaging techniques and new treatment approaches such as tyrosine kinase inhibitors. This study aimed to investigate the long-term outcomes, including the clinical course after recurrence, of patients with synchronous oligometastatic NSCLC with only brain metastases, treated with bifocal treatment.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 22 patients with clinical T1-4 and N0-1 NSCLC with synchronous brain metastases who were diagnosed by preoperative PET/CT and brain CT or MRI and underwent pulmonary resection for the primary site and surgery or radiation therapy for brain metastases at our institution from 2005 to 2019.

The efficacy and safety of belzutifan inhibitor in patients with advanced or metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma: a meta-analysis.

Background: The belzutifan is a hypoxia inducible factor-2 alpha (HIF-2α) inhibitor for the treatment of advanced or metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma (mccRCC) and has exhibited good safety and efficacy in clinical trials. We conducted a meta-analysis of relevant studies to further clarify the efficacy and safety of belzutifan for the treatment of mccRCC.

Methods: Multiple databases and abstracts from major scientific meetings were systematically reviewed for eligible articles published before June 1, 2024.

Lactate-related gene signatures as prognostic predictors and comprehensive analysis of immune profiles in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Objectives: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is an aggressive malignancy with high rates of morbidity and mortality, largely because of its late diagnosis and metastatic potential. Lactate metabolism and protein lactylation are thought to play roles in NPC pathogenesis by modulating the tumor microenvironment and immune evasion. However, research specifically linking lactate-related mechanisms to NPC remains limited.

A multicenter, randomized, parallel-controlled clinical trial protocol to evaluate the safety and efficacy of irreversible electroporation compared with radiofrequency ablation for the treatment of small hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: At present, the main clinical application of local ablation therapy, such as radiofrequency ablation (RFA), is to heat the tissue to a certain temperature. However, high temperature will cause thermal damage. Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a novel minimally invasive local ablation technology for tumors.

Proteomic profiling reveals the significance of lipid metabolism in small cell lung cancer recurrence and metastasis.

Background: Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a lethal and recalcitrant malignancy with early metastases. However, the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying its aggressive characteristics remain relatively elusive.

Methods: In this study, we conducted a comprehensive proteomic analysis of 90 primary tumors, 15 patient-matched lymph node metastatic tumors, and 15 brain metastatic tumors derived from a cohort of 105 SCLC patients.

Thyroid metastases from cervical carcinoma: unusual implications for clinicians-case report.

Background: Thyroid metastases from uterine cervical carcinoma are exceedingly rare. Imaging examination and pathological detection exert a pivotal function in distinguishing between benign and malignant thyroid tumors, as well as differentiating metastases from primary thyroid cancer.

Case Presentation: Here, we present two cases of uterine cervical cancer metastasizing to the thyroid gland, confirmed by postoperative histopathology at our hospital.

Intraoperative Molecular Imaging With Pafolacianine: Histologic Characteristics of Identified Nodules.

Background: With increased early detection efforts, surgery for early-stage lung cancer is expected to rise. Pafolacianine is the first FDA approved targeted optical imaging agent indicated as an adjunct for intraoperative identification of malignant and nonmalignant pulmonary lesions in adult patients with known or suspected cancer in the lung.

Methods: This is a retrospective review of the malignant and nonmalignant lesions identified by pafolacianine with intraoperative molecular imaging (IMI) in the multi-center Phase 2 and Phase 3 ELUCIDATE clinical trials.

Optimal timing of anti-PD-1 antibody combined with chemotherapy administration in patients with NSCLC.

Background: Anti-programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) antibody combined with chemotherapy simultaneously is regarded as the standard treatment for patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) by current clinical guidelines. Different immune statuses induced by chemotherapy considerably affect the synergistic effects of the chemo-anti-PD-1 combination. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the optimal timing of combination treatment administration.

A rare KLHDC4 variant Glu510Lys is associated with genetic susceptibility and promotes tumor metastasis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Various genetic association studies have identified numerous single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) risk. However, these studies have predominantly focused on common variants, leaving the contribution of rare variants to the "missing heritability" largely unexplored. Here, we integrate genotyping data from 3,925 NPC cases and 15,048 healthy controls to identify a rare SNP, rs141121474, resulting in a Glu510Lys mutation in KLHDC4 gene linked to increased NPC risk.

Final results of a multicenter prospective study of stereotactic body radiotherapy for previously untreated solitary primary hepatocellular carcinoma (the STRSPH study): Stereotactic body radiotherapy for newly diagnosed single primary liver cancer.

Aim: To report final results of a prospective study of stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) in patients with previously untreated solitary primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methods: This prospective, single-arm, multicenter phase II trial recruited patients with HCC who were unsuitable for, or refused, surgery and radiofrequency ablation, with 3-year overall survival (OS) rates as the primary endpoint and survival outcomes and adverse events as secondary endpoints. The prescribed SBRT dose was 40 Gy in five fractions.

ULBP2 promotes progression of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma by modulating MAPK signaling pathway.

Background: UL16-binding protein 2 (ULBP2) is significantly overexpressed in diverse cancers, it may also serve as a potential prognostic factor. Nonetheless, the mechanism of action and functions associated with ULBP2 in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSCC) are unexplored. This study aims to clarify the role and mechanism of ULBP2 in HNSCC and determine whether this molecule promotes tumor progression through modulation multiple downstream MAPK signaling.

Real-World Outcomes in Patients With Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Treated With First-Line Nivolumab Plus Ipilimumab in the United States.

Purpose: Nivolumab plus ipilimumab (NIVO + IPI) is a first-in-class combination immunotherapy for the treatment of intermediate- or poor (I/P)-risk advanced or metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). Currently, there are limited real-world data regarding clinical effectiveness beyond 12-24 months from treatment initiation. In this real-world study, treatment patterns and clinical outcomes were evaluated for NIVO + IPI in a community oncology setting.

A rare perspective: fine-needle aspiration cytologic features of hyaline vascular type of Castleman disease: A case report.

Rationale: Castleman disease, also known as Castleman syndrome, is a rare, nonmalignant lymphoproliferative disorder. The localized subtype of this disease is primarily the hyaline vascular type of Castleman disease (HVCD). Although this disease is a benign lesion, the histologic features are similar to those of some malignant lymphomas, so an accurate diagnosis of the disease is required.

AMPK down-regulating Beclin-1 in prostate cancer patients with bone metastasis: An observational study.

Bone metastasis is frequently seen in patients, particularly those with prostate cancer, showing a higher hazard that deteriorates the quality of life of patients, leading to poor prognosis, which eventually causes significant mortality in prostate cancer patients. The present study investigated the mechanism of prostate cancer with bone metastasis by utilizing prostate specimens from patients. A total of 418 patients were initially enrolled for clinical analysis, including age, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels, body mass index (BMI), prostate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and bone MRI, while pathological analysis included grade group and carcinoma of the prostate.

The clinical value of Delphian and pre-tracheal lymph nodes in predicting lateral lymph nodes metastasis of papillary thyroid carcinoma.

Background: Occult lymph node metastasis of papillary thyroid carcinoma is common. However, whether undergoing prophylactic lateral lymph node dissections is still controversial. This cross-sectional study with large cohort of patients aims to investigate the clinical value of Delphian and pre-tracheal lymph node in predicting lateral lymph node metastasis of papillary thyroid carcinoma.

EFFECT OF ADHESIVE LLC CELL PRETREATMENT BY OXAMATE ON THE SURVIVAL INDEXES AFTER TRANSITION TO DE-ADHESIVE GROWTH.

Background: The ability to metabolic reprogramming is a distinctive feature of metastatically active tumor cells. A classic example of metabolic reprogramming, characteristic of almost all malignant cells, is aerobic glycolysis. Therefore, inhibition of glycolysis in tumor cells is considered a promising strategy for antitumor therapy.