Prevalence of cardiometabolic co-morbidities in patients with persons without chronic hepatitis B: The FitLiver cohort study.

Background: Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) affects > 300 million people worldwide. The combination of CHB and cardiometabolic co-morbidities increases the risk of liver-related morbidity and mortality. However, international guidelines for CHB treatment do not provide recommendations for follow-up examinations or treatment of patients with CHB and cardiometabolic comorbidities.

Potential mechanisms and therapeutic prospects of the association between infection and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis.

() infection is a known inducer of various gastrointestinal diseases, including gastritis, gastric ulcers, and gastric cancer. However, in recent years, research on the potential association between infection and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) has been scarce. This large-scale multicenter study, covering more than 360 hospitals across 26 medical systems in the United States, systematically evaluated the association between infection and MASH.

Metabolic Fingerprint of Dual Body Fluids Deciphers Diabetic Retinopathy.

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a microvascular complication of diabetes, affecting 34.6% of diabetes patients worldwide. Early detection and timely treatment can effectively improve the prognosis of DR.

Aptamer-Conjugated Exosomes Ameliorate Diabetes-Induced Muscle Atrophy by Enhancing SIRT1/FoxO1/3a-Mediated Mitochondrial Function.

Background: Muscle atrophy is associated with Type 2 diabetes mellitus, which reduces the quality of life and lacks effective treatment strategies. Previously, it was determined that human umbilical cord mesenchymal stromal cell (hucMSC)-derived exosomes (EXOs) ameliorate diabetes-induced muscle atrophy. However, the systemic application of EXOs is less selective for diseased tissues, which reduces their efficacy and safety associated with their nonspecific biological distribution in vivo.

Genetic Mediators of Celiac Disease and Premature Ovarian Failure: Hypothyroidism and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.

Background: Observational studies suggested celiac disease (CD) possibly be a risk factor for premature ovarian failure (POF). However, causality remains unclear. And hypothyroidism and systemic lupus erythematosus may be the mediating factors.

Prevention of refeeding syndrome: Evaluation of an enteral refeeding protocol for severely undernourished children.

Objectives: Refeeding syndrome (RS) defines the deleterious clinical and metabolic changes occurring during nutritional support of severely malnourished patients. Pediatric guidelines to prevent and treat RS are scarce and highly variable. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of an enteral refeeding protocol in severely undernourished hospitalized children with anorexia nervosa (AN) or organic diseases (OD).

The impact of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors on the incidence, therapy, and outcomes of fournier gangrene: insights from a systematic review of case reports.

Background: The clinical characteristics, therapy, and outcome of Fournier Gangrene (FG) in patients using sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) were examined in this systematic review.

Methods: Without a publication year restriction, we searched PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Cochrane. Additionally, we manually searched bibliographies using the terms "Fournier's gangrene" and "SGLT2 inhibitors.

Associations of the triglyceride-glucose index and remnant cholesterol levels with the prevalence of Carotid Plaque in patients with type 2 diabetes: a retrospective study.

Background: The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index has been identified as an alternative biomarker for insulin resistance (IR), while residual cholesterol (RC) is a simple, cost-effective, and easily detectable lipid metabolite. However, the associations of these two markers with carotid plaque presence remain unclear. Thus, this study aimed to explore their associations with carotid plaque presence.

Does diabetes modify the triglyceride-glucose index associated with cardiovascular events and mortality? A meta-analysis of 50 cohorts involving 7,239,790 participants.

Introduction: Previous studies highlighted the association between the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and cardiovascular events in patients with diabetes. However, whether diabetes affects TyG-cardiovascular diseases (CVD) is still unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the association between the TyG index and CVD risk, stratified by diabetes status, as well as the potential modifying effect of diabetic status.

Efficacy of double filtration plasmapheresis in hyperlipidemia acute pancreatitis: a retrospective observational study.

Background: This study examines the role and effectiveness of double filtration plasmapheresis (DFPP) in managing hyperlipidemiclipidemic acute pancreatitis (HLAP).

Methods: Comparative analysis was conducted between two groups: one treated with DFPP and one without. Comparative parameters included blood lipid levels, inflammatory factors, vital signs, disease severity scores, and complication rates.

Trend of the lipid profile in a cohort with severe hypercholesterolemia in Osona county (Barcelona, Spain), between 2009 and 2021.

Background: Various studies confirm that the prevalence of dyslipidemia and other cardiovascular factors is high.

Objective: To evaluate the trend of the lipid profile (LP) in a cohort with severe hypercholesterolemia and its relationship with lipid-lowering treatment during the period 2009-2021.

Methods: Cross-sectional study carried out in the Osona county (Barcelona).

The obesity paradox in osteoporosis risk among older adults is mostly driven by women: a population-based prospective study.

Objectives: The obesity paradox is common among older adults at risk for various diseases. Although this paradox has also been observed in the association between obesity and osteoporosis, the available evidence remains controversial. This study aimed to investigate the association between obesity and OP risk in an older population.

Gestational weight gain patterns as predictors of cesarean deliveries in women diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus.

Background: Obesity and excessive gestational weight gain (GWG) have been linked to an increased risk of cesarean section. However, existing literature primarily focuses on weight gain during individual trimesters, lacking a comprehensive assessment of GWG trajectories across all three trimesters. This study aimed to investigate the impact of pre-pregnancy BMI and changes in GWG trajectories from the first to the third trimester on cesarean section in women with confirmed gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).

Association between elevated glycosylated hemoglobin levels and hypertension among US adults: NHANES 2011-2018.

Introduction: Hypertension (HTN) and diabetes frequently coexist. This study aims to elucidate the associations between HTN and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), as well as the connections between distinct forms of HTN and HbA1c.

Methods: We collected data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2018 in this study, including anthropometric tests and biochemical measures.

Kdm2a inhibition in skeletal muscle improves metabolic flexibility in obesity.

Skeletal muscle is a critical organ in maintaining homoeostasis against metabolic stress, and histone post-translational modifications are pivotal in those processes. However, the intricate nature of histone methylation in skeletal muscle and its impact on metabolic homoeostasis have yet to be elucidated. Here, we report that mitochondria-rich slow-twitch myofibers are characterized by significantly higher levels of H3K36me2 along with repressed expression of Kdm2a, an enzyme that specifically catalyses H3K36me2 demethylation.

Characteristics of different lipid droplet-mitochondrial contacts patterns during lipid droplet metabolism in T2DM-induced MASLD.

Mitochondrial function is crucial for hepatic lipid metabolism. Current research identifies two types of mitochondria based on their contact with lipid droplets: peridroplet mitochondria (PDM) and cytoplasmic mitochondria (CM). This work aimed to investigate the alterations of CM and PDM in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) induced by spontaneous type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in db/db mice.

New advances in novel pharmacotherapeutic candidates for the treatment of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) between 2022 and 2024.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) covers a broad spectrum of profile from simple fatty liver, evolving to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), to hepatic fibrosis, further progressing to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). MASLD has become a prevalent disease with 25% in average over the world. MASH is an active stage, and requires pharmacological intervention when there is necroptotic damage with fibrotic progression.

Interconnections between BDH1-plasma protein-type 2 diabetes Mellitus: a mediated mendelian randomization analysis using plasma proteomics.

With the rapid advancement of proteomics, numerous scholars have investigated the intricate relationships between plasma proteins and various diseases. Therefore, this study aims to elucidate the relationship between BDH1 and type 2 diabetes using Mendelian randomization (MR) and to identify novel targets for the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes through proteomics. This study primarily employed the Mendelian Randomization (MR) method, leveraging genetic data from numerous large-scale, publicly accessible genome-wide association studies (GWAS).

The lean body mass to visceral fat mass ratio is negatively associated with cardiometabolic disorders: a cross-sectional study.

The literature has documented conflicting and inconsistent associations between muscle-to-fat ratios and metabolic diseases. Additionally, different adipose tissues can have contrasting effects, with visceral adipose tissue being identified as particularly harmful. This study aimed to explore the relationship between the ratio of the lean mass index (LMI) to the visceral fat mass index (VFMI) and cardiometabolic disorders, including dyslipidemia, hypertension, and diabetes, as previous research on this topic is lacking.

Long-term burden of body mass index since childhood and impaired physical performance in midlife.

Background: The impact of long-term burden of body mass index (BMI) since childhood on physical performance in midlife remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the association between cumulative exposure to BMI since childhood and midlife physical performance by using data from the Bogalusa Heart Study (BHS).

Methods: This longitudinal study consisted of 749 participants (aged 37.

MCT1 lactate transporter blockade re-invigorates anti-tumor immunity through metabolic rewiring of dendritic cells in melanoma.

Dendritic cells (DC) are key players in antitumor immune responses. Tumors exploit their plasticity to escape immune control; their aberrant surface carbohydrate patterns (e.g.

Targeting glycolytic reprogramming by tsRNA-0032 for treating pathological lymphangiogenesis.

Lymphangiogenesis is vital for tissue fluid homeostasis, immune function, and lipid absorption. Abnormal lymphangiogenesis has been implicated in several diseases such as cancers, inflammatory, and autoimmune diseases. In this study, we elucidate the role of tsRNA-0032 in lymphangiogenesis and its molecular mechanism.

Diabetes Mellitus Impairs Blood-Brain Barrier Integrality and Microglial Reactivity.

Diabetes mellitus (DM), a chronic metabolic disorder that adversely affects the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and microglial function in the central nervous system (CNS), contributing to neuronal damage and neurodegenerative diseases. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms linking diabetes to BBB dysfunction and microglial dysregulation remain poorly understood. Here, we assessed the impacts of diabetes on BBB and microglial reactivity and investigated its mechanisms.

Management of severe post-bariatric hypoglycaemia with octreotide delivered via a Tandem t:slim insulin pump.

A woman in her 40s presented with severe post-bariatric hypoglycaemia that persisted despite nutritional therapy and pharmacological therapy with acarbose and subcutaneous octreotide with meals. The nutritional limitations were difficult to sustain, and she developed adverse effects to the pharmacological therapy, and hence, doses could not be increased. She was subsequently treated with subcutaneous octreotide via an insulin pump, with a continuous basal rate and additional bolus doses with meals.