The effects of daily dose and treatment duration of metformin on the prevalence of vitamin B12 deficiency and peripheral neuropathy in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A multicenter cross-sectional study.

Aims: To evaluate the prevalence of vitamin B12 deficiency in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus receiving metformin treatment and to investigate the effects of metformin daily dose and treatment duration on the prevalence of vitamin B12 deficiency and peripheral neuropathy (PN).

Materials And Methods: In this multicenter cross-sectional study, 1027 Chinese patients who had been taking ≥1000 mg/day metformin for ≥1 year were enrolled using proportionate stratified random sampling based on daily dose and treatment duration. Primary measures included the prevalence of vitamin B12 deficiency (<148 pmol/L), borderline B12 deficiency (148 pmol/L-211 pmol/L), and PN.

Reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the new fear of hypoglycemia scale: FH-15.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the Fear of Hypoglycemia scale with 15 items (FH-15).

Methods: After obtaining the original author's authorization, the English version of the FH-15 scale was translated, back translated, and culturally debugged to obtain the Chinese version of FH-15. A convenient sampling method was used to extract patients with type 2 diabetes from four tertiary hospitals in Tianjin.

Long noncoding RNA GAS5 impairs the proliferation and invasion of endometrial carcinoma induced by high glucose via targeting miR-222-3p/p27.

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been identified to be critical functional regulator in the human tumors, while the deepgoing mechanism by which lncRNAs modulates the endometrial carcinoma is still elusive. In this work, we found that lncRNA GAS5 was under-expressed in the endometrial carcinoma tissue specimens, especially these samples with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Besides, the aberrant under-expression of GAS5 was correlated with the advanced tumor stage as well as poor prognosis outcome.

miR-194 suppresses high glucose-induced non-small cell lung cancer cell progression by targeting NFAT5.

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is linked to an increased risk of lung cancer; however, the exact molecular basis is unclear.

Methods: We used a microarray method and found a group of microRNAs differently expressed in lung cancer cells at high or low glucose treatment.

Results: Among these, miR-194 changed significantly, which indicated further analysis.

[Effect of long-term deep slow-wave sleep deprivation on the reproductive system in male rats].

To investigate the effect of long-term deep slow-wave sleep deprivation on the gonad axis, sperm abnormality rate, and structure of the testis in male rats and possible mechanisms. A total of 30 specific pathogen-free male Wistar rats aged 5 weeks were randomly divided into slow-wave sleep deprivation group 1 (SD1 group) , slow-wave sleep and sleep time deprivation group 2 (SD2 group) , and control group, with 10 rats in each group. The flower pot method was used to establish a model of sleep deprivation.

Ox40 regulates the conversion and suppressive function of double-negative regulatory T cells.

Naïve CD4 T cells can be converted to double-negative regulatory T cells (DNT) by mature dendritic cells (mDCs) and IL-2 stimulation, with IL-2 enhancing the proliferation and Perforin expression of DNT. However, the molecules that affect the conversion of DNT are still not clear. Here, we investigated the effects of Ox40 on the conversion and function of DNT in vitro and in vivo without IL-2.

LncRNA LINC00968 accelerates the proliferation and fibrosis of diabetic nephropathy by epigenetically repressing p21 via recruiting EZH2.

Emerging evidence have indicated the vital roles of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the pathophysiological process of diabetic nephropathy. However, the deepgoing mechanism that lncRNAs regulate the diabetic nephropathy pathogenesis is still ambiguous. In present study, we found that lncRNA LINC00968 expression was high-expressed in the diabetic db/db mouse tissue and high-glucose induced mesangial cells.

Effects of telmisartan on TNFα induced PPARγ phosphorylation and insulin resistance in adipocytes.

Background: Telmisartan is an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) and a partial agonist of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ (PPARγ). It has been shown to significantly enhance insulin sensitivity in clinical studies and in vitro experiments. However, the effect of telmisartan on PPARγ in adipocytes remains unknown.

[Effect of hepatitis C virus nonstructural protein 5A and its domains II on hepatocyte gluconeogenesis in mice].

To investigate the role of hepatitis C virus nonstructural protein 5A (NS5A) and its domains I, II, and III in regulating gluconeogenesis in mice and the underlying mechanism. A total of 60 male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into six groups. Recombinant lentiviral particles with specific expression of full-length NS5A, NS5A domain I, NS5A domain II, or NS5A domain III were injected via the caudal vein to establish a mouse model, and the group without injection and the group with the injection of the lentiviral particles containing enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) were established as negative control.

JinqiJiangtang tablets for pre-diabetes: A randomized, double-blind and placebo-controlled clinical trial.

This study observed the efficacy and safety of JinqiJiangtang tablets (JQJT tablets, a traditional Chinese patent medicine) for pre-diabetes. Four hundred patients with pre-diabetes at five centres were treated for 12months and followed for an additional 12months to investigate the preventative effects of JQJT tablets (Registration ID: ChiCTR-PRC-09000401). The incidence rate of diabetes mellitus was the primary endpoint.

Serum adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein levels are associated with peripheral arterial disease in women, but not men, with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Background: Adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein (A-FABP) has been recognized as an important player in macrophage cholesterol trafficking and inflammation, and may promote the development of atherosclerosis. To further elucidate the role of A-FABP in atherosclerosis in diabetes, we investigated the relationship between serum A-FABP concentrations and peripheral arterial disease (PAD) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: In all, 488 inpatients with T2DM were enrolled in the study (254 men, 234 women; mean (±SD) age 57.

[Correlation study between obesity and dawn phenomenon in patients with type 2 diabetes].

Objective: To investigate the correlation between the frequency of dawn phenomenon and obesity in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Methods: This study was conducted in 98 patients with type 2 diabetes admitted to the Metabolic Disease Hospital of Tianjin Medical University from 2011 to 2014. The subjects were divided into 3 groups according to BMI: the normal weight (BMI 18.

Analysis of association among clinical features and shorter leukocyte telomere length in mitochondrial diabetes with m.3243A>G mitochondrial DNA mutation.

Background: Mitochondrial diabetes is a kind of rare diabetes caused by monogenic mutation in mitochondria. The study aimed to summarize the clinical phenotype profiles in mitochondrial diabetes with m.3243 A>G mitochondrial DNA mutation and to investigate the mechanism in this kind of diabetes by analyzing the relationship among clinical phenotypes and peripheral leukocyte DNA telomere length.

Attenuation of myocardial apoptosis by alpha-lipoic acid through suppression of mitochondrial oxidative stress to reduce diabetic cardiomyopathy.

Background: Cardiac failure is a leading cause of the mortality of diabetic patients. In part this is due to a specific cardiomyopathy, referred to as diabetic cardiomyopathy. Oxidative stress is widely considered to be one of the major factors underlying the pathogenesis of the disease.

[Effects of lisinopril on diabetic peripheral neuropathy: experiment with rats].

Objective: To investigate the effects of lisinopril, an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, on diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DNP).

Methods: Twenty-five Wistar rats underwent intravenous injection of streptozocin to establish diabetes models and 10 rats were injected with sodium citrate solution as normal controls. The diabetic rats were randomly divided into 2 groups: lisinopril group treated with gastric perfusion of lisinopril daily for 8 weeks, and diabetic control group.

Mitochondrial gene mutations and type 2 diabetes in Chinese families.

Background: Numerous mitochondrial DNA mutations are significantly correlated with development of diabetes. This study investigated mitochondrial gene, point mutations in patients with type 2 diabetes and their families.

Methods: Unrelated patients with type 2 diabetes (n = 826) were randomly recruited; unrelated and nondiabetic subjects (n = 637) served as controls.