Clinical Application of 3D-Printed Artificial Vertebral Body (3DP AVB): A Review.

: The choice of prosthesis for vertebral body reconstruction (VBR) remains a controversial issue due to the lack of a reliable solution. The subsidence rate of the most commonly used titanium mesh cages (TMC) ranges from 42.5% to 79.

Minimally invasive versus conventional methods for aortic root surgery: Choosing the right approach.

Objective: Partial upper sternotomy is preferred for isolated aortic valve replacement because of its optimal surgical visibility and favorable cosmetic outcomes; however, it is not commonly used for aortic root surgery, and the conventional median sternotomy is still the preferred method for most surgeons. We aimed to compare the safety and effectiveness of a minimally invasive approach (partial sternotomy [PS]) and conventional approach (median sternotomy [FS]) for aortic root surgery.

Methods: Patients who underwent aortic root surgery at our hospital from 2016 to 2021 were retrospectively enrolled and divided into two groups.

iPSC-Derived Endothelial Cells Reveal LDLR Dysfunction and Dysregulated Gene Expression Profiles in Familial Hypercholesterolemia.

Defects in the low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) are associated with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH), manifested by atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. LDLR deficiency in hepatocytes leads to elevated blood cholesterol levels, which damage vascular cells, especially endothelial cells, through oxidative stress and inflammation. However, the distinctions between endothelial cells from individuals with normal and defective LDLR are not yet fully understood.

Redo aortic root surgery post-Ross procedure.

Background: Despite numerous advantages of the Ross procedure, it presents a risk of late autograft and right ventricular outflow tract conduit failure. This study aimed to analyze the outcomes of autograft dysfunction reoperations using autograft-sparing and root replacement techniques.

Methods: Between 2015 and 2023, 49 patients underwent redo root surgery in our institution.

A clinical case of successful palliative endovascular treatment of a patient with a single ventricle, mitral valve atresia, an intact atrial septum and persistent cardinal vein.

Background: Treatment of newborns with univentricular hemodynamics in combination with an anomaly of pulmonary venous return has the worst correction results in modern cardiac surgical papers. According to the data obtained by different authors, postoperative mortality in this cohort of patients varies from 41.7 to 53%.

Hypotension-Avoidance Versus Hypertension-Avoidance Strategies in Noncardiac Surgery : An International Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Among patients having noncardiac surgery, perioperative hemodynamic abnormalities are associated with vascular complications. Uncertainty remains about what intraoperative blood pressure to target and how to manage long-term antihypertensive medications perioperatively.

Objective: To compare the effects of a hypotension-avoidance and a hypertension-avoidance strategy on major vascular complications after noncardiac surgery.

High-Frequency versus Low-Frequency Spinal Cord Stimulation in Treatment of Chronic Limb-Threatening Ischemia: Short-Term Results of a Randomized Trial.

Introduction: The objective of the study is to determine if high-frequency (1 kHz) spinal cord stimulation (SCS) is better than low-frequency SCS for pain relief in chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI).

Methods: HEAL-SCS trial was designed as an open-label, parallel-group, single-center randomized study with a 1:1 allocation ratio. The trial was conducted in Meshalkin National Medical Research Center between August 2018 and February 2020.

Influence of lamina vastoadductoria dissection on the outcomes of femoral artery extensive lesion stenting: A pilot randomised investigation.

Objective: Aim of the study was to improve the immediate and long-term results of stenting of the superficial femoral artery in extended lesions with the changing of the biomechanics of superficial ffemoral artery and of the first portion of the popliteal artery.

Methods: Pilot randomized prospective single-center study were included 70 patients. Patients were randomized into two groups in 1 × 1 format for 35 people using the envelope method.

[Outcomes of endoprosthetic repair of abdominal aortic aneurysm].

Aim: The study was aimed at assessing efficacy and safety of endovascular treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysms based on 11-year experience with implantation of stent grafts.

Patients And Methods: We retrospectively analysed outcomes of treatment of 242 patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm during the period from 2008 to 2019. Of these, 210 (86.

Results of concomitant cryoablation for atrial fibrillation during mitral valve surgery.

Objectives: Concomitant atrial fibrillation ablation during mitral valve (MV) surgery using radio frequency energy sources has been reported previously with excellent outcomes. However, data regarding the effectiveness of concomitant cryoablation remain limited. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of concomitant cryoablation in patients scheduled for MV surgery.

Calcium administration In patients undergoing CardiAc suRgery under cardiopulmonary bypasS (ICARUS trial): Rationale and design of a randomized controlled trial.

Introduction: Weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is a critical step of any cardiac surgical procedure and often requires pharmacologic intervention. Calcium ions are pivotal elements for the excitation-contraction coupling process of cardiac myocytes. Thus, calcium administration might be helpful during weaning from CPB.

[Hybrid grafts for aortic arch reconstruction: evolution and state of the art].

The analysis of the gained experience in treatment of patients with pathology of the arch and descending portion of the aorta is suggestive that the 'frozen elephant trunk' technique is an effective and safe method. In this connection, there is an increasing need for universal hybrid devices characterized by ease of use and durability in various aortic pathologies. Discussed in the article is the state of the art of the technology of treatment of patient with aortic arch pathology by means of hybrid grafts, followed by comparative analysis of currently used vascular hybrid prostheses, and although none of the hybrid grafts available worldwide is either universal or ideal, the grafts for the 'frozen elephant trunk' procedure continue to be improved, which will inevitably lead to wide implementation of this technique.

Electrophysiological reactions to intraoperative irritation of the optic nerve. Case report and review of possible mechanisms.

Background: Intraoperative control of optic nerve function conservation during neurosurgical operations currently relies mainly on visual evoked potential monitoring. Unfortunately, this detects peril only when the visual pathways are already compromised, sometimes irreversibly. In contrast, electrophysiological stimulation mapping of the nerves can be a fully preventive measure.

Allografts and xenografts for right ventricular outflow tract reconstruction in Ross patients.

Objectives: Pulmonary allografts (AG) are the gold standard for right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) reconstruction during the Ross procedure. However, there is limited availability of AG in some countries, and the use of alternative grafts for RVOT reconstruction remains controversial. This study aimed to compare the rates of freedom from RVOT graft dysfunction for AG and diepoxide-treated pericardial xenografts (DPXG).

Generation of a spinal muscular atrophy type III patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cell line ICGi003-A.

Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a genetic disease, which characterized by the degeneration of motor neurons in the spinal cord and further striated muscle atrophy. The research of the processes in diseased neurons is complicated due to the impossibility of obtaining them safely from patients. Thus, we generated SMA type III induced pluripotent stem cell lines via using non-integrated episomal plasmid vectors.

Generation of three Duchenne muscular dystrophy patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) lines ICGi002-A, ICGi002-B and ICGi002-C.

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a severe and rapidly progressive hereditary muscular disease with X-linked recessive inheritance, occurring mainly in males. A complete loss of dystrophin resulted from out-of-frame deletion mutations in the DMD gene leads to Duchenne muscular dystrophy. DMD induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are a suitable cell model to study muscle development and disease mechanisms underlying muscular dystrophy and to screen novel compounds with potential therapeutic effects.

Chemoradiotherapy Increases Intratumor Heterogeneity of HPSE Expression in the Relapsed Glioblastoma Tumors.

Adjuvant chemoradiotherapy is a standard treatment option for glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Despite intensive care, recurrent tumors developed during the first year are fatal for the patients. Possibly contributing to this effect, among other causes, is that therapy induces changes of polysaccharide heparan sulfate (HS) chains in the cancer cells and/or tumor microenvironment.

The Functional Properties of Mg-Zn-X Biodegradable Magnesium Alloys.

The implantation of metallic devices in orthopaedic surgical procedures and coronary angioplasty is associated with the risk of various adverse events: (i) mechanical (premature failure), (ii) chemo-mechanical (corrosion and corrosion-fatigue degradation) and (iii) biomedical (chronic local inflammatory reactions, tissue necrosis, etc.). In this regard, the development of biodegradable implants/stents, which provide the necessary mechanical support for the healing period of the bone or the vessel wall and then are completely resorbed, has bright prospects.

Chondroitin sulfate content and decorin expression in glioblastoma are associated with proliferative activity of glioma cells and disease prognosis.

Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) are important components of brain extracellular matrix (ECM), although their contribution in gliomagenesis remains underinvestigated. Here, both chondroitin sulfate (CS) content/distribution and expression of a number of CSPG core proteins were studied in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) tumours with different prognosis (n = 40) using immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR analysis. Survival rates for clinically different patient groups were compared using the Kaplan-Meier analysis and univariate Cox model.

Methods for Correction of the Single-Nucleotide Substitution c.840C>T in Exon 7 of the SMN2 Gene.

The CRISPR/Cas technology has a great potential in the treatment of many hereditary diseases. One of the prospective models for the CRISPR/Cas-mediated therapy is spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), a disease caused by deletion of the SMN1 gene that encodes the SMN protein required for the survival of motor neurons. SMA patients' genomes contain either single or several copies of SMN2 gene, which is a paralog of SMN1.

Generation of two spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) type I patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) lines and two SMA type II patient-derived iPSC lines.

Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a neuromuscular disease caused by deletion or mutation in SMN1 gene. SMA human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) represent a useful and valid model for the study of the disorder, as they provide in vitro the target cells. We generated iPSCs from a SMA type I patient and SMA type II patient by using non-integrating episomal plasmid vectors.

Prediction of Prolonged ICU Stay in Cardiac Surgery Patients as a Useful Method to Identify Nutrition Risk in Cardiac Surgery Patients: A Post Hoc Analysis of a Prospective Observational Study.

Background: Cardiovascular surgery patients with a prolonged intensive care unit (ICU) stay may benefit most from early nutrition support. Using established scoring systems for nutrition assessment and operative risk stratification, we aimed to develop a model to predict a prolonged ICU stay ≥5 days in order to identify patients who will benefit from early nutrition interventions.

Methods: This is a retrospective analysis of a prospective observational study of patients undergoing elective valvular, coronary artery bypass grafting, or combined cardiac surgery.