Air pollution is associated with increased risk of venous thromboembolism: the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.

Air pollution exposure may induce procoagulant effects, and chronic exposure may be linked to greater risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE). We tested the hypothesis that air pollution is associated with increased VTE risk in the prospective Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA), which has well-characterized air pollution measures and information on potential confounding factors. We included 6,651 participants recruited in 2000-2002 (baseline age range: 45-84 yrs; 53% female).

Revealing Ultrafast Optical Nonlinearity of Trapped Exciton Polaritons in Atomically Thin Semiconductors.

Nonlinearities are fundamental to modern optical technologies. Exciton polaritons in semiconductor microcavities provide a promising route to strong nonlinearities. Monolayer TMDs, with tightly bound excitons and strong oscillator strength, enable polaritonic phenomena under ambient conditions but face challenges from weak polariton interactions due to small exciton Bohr radius.

Quantification of memory effects in topological two-band open quantum systems.

We incorporate non-Markovian profiles and Linear Response Theory to analyze memory effects in two-band topological quantum systems. Furthermore, we have applied a measure of non-Markovianity in terms of nonlinear optical spectroscopy. On the other hand, we resort to memory kernel, solve the integro-differential equation of the open two-band topological quantum system to describe the degrees of non-Markovianity, calculate response factors based on Linear Response Theory, and analyze non-Markovian dynamics by varying the parameters of the nonlinear spectroscopy environment of the respective open quantum system.

Dietary inflammatory index scores and cognitive aging: results from the Framingham heart Study offspring cohort.

Background: Nutritional factors can abet or protect against systemic chronic inflammation, which plays an important role in the development and progression of dementia. We evaluated whether higher (i.e.

Deforming Ice with Drops.

A uniform solidification front undergoes nontrivial deformations when encountering an insoluble dispersed particle in a melt. For solid particles, the overall deformation characteristics are primarily dictated by heat transfer between the particle and the surrounding, remaining unaffected by the rate of approach of the solidification front. In this Letter we show that, conversely, when interacting with a droplet or a bubble, the deformation behavior exhibits entirely different and unexpected behavior.

Molecular-scale in-operando reconfigurable electronic hardware.

It is challenging to reconfigure devices at molecular length scales. Here we report molecular junctions based on molecular switches that toggle stably and reliably between multiple operations to reconfigure electronic devices at molecular length scales. Rather than static on/off switches that always revert to the same state, our voltage-driven molecular device dynamically switches between high and low conduction states during six consecutive proton-coupled electron transfer steps.

Association between dietary inflammatory index score and incident dementia.

Introduction: We evaluated whether higher Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) scores were associated with increased incidence of all-cause dementia and Alzheimer's disease (AD) dementia over 22.3 years of follow-up in the community-based Framingham Heart Study Offspring cohort.

Methods: One thousand four hundred eighty-seven participants (mean ± standard deviation, age in years 69 ± 6) completed food frequency questionnaires (FFQs) and had incident all-cause dementia and AD surveillance data available.

The Psychology Behind the Efficacy of a Buddy System for Enhancing Retention in Dermatological Clinical Trials.

Retention in dermatological clinical trials is critical for ensuring the validity and reliability of study outcomes, yet participant dropout remains a pervasive challenge. In this analysis, the primary aim is to explore the psychological mechanisms underpinning the efficacy of a buddy system in enhancing retention rates in such trials. The buddy system, where participants are paired with peers who have previously participated in similar clinical trials offers mutual support and leverages the principles of social bonding, accountability, and shared experience to foster commitment and reduce attrition.

A rapid CAT transformation protocol and nuclear transgene expression tools for metabolic engineering in Cyanidioschyzon merolae 10D.

The eukaryotic red alga Cyanidioschyzon merolae 10D is an emerging algal host for synthetic biology and metabolic engineering. Its small nuclear genome (16.5 Mb; 4775 genes), low intron content (39), stable transgene expression, and capacity for homologous recombination into its nuclear genome make it ideal for genetic and metabolic engineering endeavors.

Factors Associated With Shock at Presentation in Kawasaki Disease Versus Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children Associated With Covid-19.

Background: While clinical overlap between Kawasaki disease (KD) and multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) has been evident, information regarding those presenting with shock has been limited. We sought to determine associations with shock within and between diagnosis groups.

Methods: The International KD Registry enrolled contemporaneous patients with either KD or MIS-C from 39 sites in 7 countries from January 1, 2020, to January 1, 2023.

Urinary Metal Levels, Cognitive Test Performance, and Dementia in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.

Importance: Metals are established neurotoxicants, but evidence of their association with cognitive performance at low chronic exposure levels is limited.

Objective: To investigate the association of urinary metal levels, individually and as a mixture, with cognitive tests and dementia diagnosis, including effect modification by apolipoprotein ε4 allele (APOE4).

Design, Setting, And Participants: The multicenter prospective cohort Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) was started from July 2000 to August 2002, with follow-up through 2018.

Complications Beyond Borders: A Case Study on a Retained Surgical Towel Leading to an Intra-abdominal Abscess Post-hysterectomy.

This report discusses a significant complication following a hysterectomy performed in Mexico on a 46-year-old woman who developed an intra-abdominal abscess due to a retained surgical towel - a severe but rare surgical error. Initially, her post-surgical symptoms, such as abdominal pain, fever, and malaise, were dismissed by her surgeon in Mexico as typical recovery effects. However, as her condition worsened, she sought emergency care in Arizona.

Comprehensive characterization of gas dynamic virtual nozzles for x-ray free-electron laser experiments.

We introduce a hardware-software system for rapidly characterizing liquid microjets for x-ray diffraction experiments. An open-source python-based software package allows for programmatic and automated data collection and analysis. We show how jet speed, length, and diameter are influenced by nozzle geometry, gas flow rate, liquid viscosity, and liquid flow rate.

Optimization of P-electrode structures to enhance current spreading uniformity in micro-LEDs.

In this study, we designed and fabricated parallel-connected green micro-LEDs with three different P-electrode configurations: rounded (Sample A), cross-shaped (Sample B), and circular (Sample C). We then systematically evaluated the impact of these electrode shapes on the devices' optoelectronic performance. The results show that the shape of the P-electrode significantly influences the optoelectronic performance of micro-LEDs.