The effectiveness and tolerability of clobazam in the pediatric population: Adjunctive therapy and monotherapy in a large-cohort multicenter study.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness and tolerability of clobazam therapy in the pediatric population in terms of seizure semiology, epileptic syndromes, and etiological subgroups.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted consisting of 1710 epileptic children from eight centers in seven geographic regions of Turkey. The initial efficacy of clobazam therapy was evaluated after three months of treatment.

Hyaluronic Acid Dermal Filler Promotes Cartilage Reshaping in Rabbit Ears.

Background: Neonatal ear is more malleable and soft, allowing the correction of deformities by using external molding. This is mainly attributed to high concentration of the proteoglycan aggregate and hyaluronic acid. In this study, HA dermal filler was injected in rabbit ear as a long acting HA source to investigate the biological impact of HA in reshaping the ear cartilage.

Three-Dimensional Tarsal Plate Reconstruction Using Lower Lateral Cartilage of the Nose.

Background: Many types of graft tissue have been used to reconstruct the posterior lamella of the eyelids in cases of full-thickness defect, lid retraction, and loss of lower lid stability. In this study, lower lateral cartilage of the nose was used for the reconstruction of posterior lamella of the eyelids, which mimics the tarsal plate in shape, thickness, and size.

Material And Methods: This study included 10 patients who underwent lid reconstruction to support tarsal plate strength and repair full-thickness defects of the eyelids due to tumor excision and trauma.

A randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial of canakinumab in children and young adults with sickle cell anemia.

Excessive intravascular release of lysed cellular contents from damaged red blood cells (RBCs) in patients with sickle cell anemia (SCA) can activate the inflammasome, a multiprotein oligomer promoting maturation and secretion of proinflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-1β (IL-1β). We hypothesized that IL-1β blockade by canakinumab in patients with SCA would reduce markers of inflammation and clinical disease activity. In this randomized, double-blind, multicenter phase 2a study, patients aged 8 to 20 years with SCA (HbSS or HbSβ0-thalassemia), history of acute pain episodes, and elevated high-sensitivity C-reactive protein >1.

The role of Wnt pathway antagonists in early-stage lung adenocarcinoma.

Purpose: We aimed to examine the expression levels of the genes encoding adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) 1, APC-2, Dickkopf related protein (DKK)-1, DKK-3, secreted frizzled-related protein (SFRP)-2, SFRP-4, and SFRP-5, which play roles in the Wnt signaling pathway, in lung adenocarcinoma and adjacent normal lung tissues and to evaluate their relationships with clinicopathologic factors.

Materials And Methods: The expression levels of genes in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded samples of tumor tissue and adjacent intact lung tissue from 57 patients who underwent surgery for lung adenocarcinoma between 2011 and 2018 were determined by real-time PCR analysis.

Results: The expression levels of the DKK-1 in tumor tissue, especially in stage I-II tumor tissue, were significantly suppressed compared to those in normal tissue (p < 0.

Heart failure in COVID-19: the multicentre, multinational PCHF-COVICAV registry.

Aims: We assessed the outcome of hospitalized coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients with heart failure (HF) compared with patients with other cardiovascular disease and/or risk factors (arterial hypertension, diabetes, or dyslipidaemia). We further wanted to determine the incidence of HF events and its consequences in these patient populations.

Methods And Results: International retrospective Postgraduate Course in Heart Failure registry for patients hospitalized with COVID-19 and CArdioVascular disease and/or risk factors (arterial hypertension, diabetes, or dyslipidaemia) was performed in 28 centres from 15 countries (PCHF-COVICAV).

Analysis of Clinical and Radiological Findings in Oncology Patients Undergoing Thoracic Tomography for Suspected Pulmonary Embolism.

In the present study, we aimed to compare clinical and radiological findings between patients with and without pulmonary embolism (PE) and determine possible risk factors for PE development among patients with cancer. This was a retrospective study that examined the clinical features and tomographic findings of patients with cancer who underwent thoracic tomography for suspected PE. A total of 487 cases were included in the study.

Diagnosis and management of migraine in ten steps.

Migraine is a disabling primary headache disorder that directly affects more than one billion people worldwide. Despite its widespread prevalence, migraine remains under-diagnosed and under-treated. To support clinical decision-making, we convened a European panel of experts to develop a ten-step approach to the diagnosis and management of migraine.

Comprehensive Assessment of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction Using Cardiac MRI.

Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) burden is increasing. Its diagnostic process is challenging and imprecise due to absence of a single diagnostic marker, and the multiparametric echocardiography evaluation needed. Left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (LVEF) is a limited marker of LV function; thus, allocating HF phenotypes based on LVEF can be misleading.

Real-World Data from Turkey: Is Sofosbuvir/Ledipasvir With or Without Ribavirin Treatment for Chronic Hepatitis C Really Effective?

Background: In this study, we aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of sofosbuvir-based therapies in the treatment of chronic hepatitis C in real-world clinical practice.

Methods: Data from patients with chronic hepatitis C treated with SOF/LDV ± RBV or SOF/RBV in 31 centers across Turkey between April 1, 2017, and August 31, 2018, were recorded in a nationwide database among infectious disease specialists. Demographics, clinical, and virological outcomes were analyzed.

Hiccups in an Adult Case with Schizophrenia due to Aripiprazole: A Case Report.

Neurotransmitters and neuroreceptors involved in the pathophysiology of hiccups are not well defined. However, dopamine and serotonin are reported to have roles in activating hiccups, and recent case reports suggest that some psychopharmacologic medications -such as antipsychotics- may trigger hiccups in many cases. Our case describes the activation of hiccups in a young male with schizophrenia while being treated with aripiprazole.

Effect of abdominal massage on bowel evacuation in neurosurgical intensive care patients.

Background: There are many factors, which affect the bowel evacuation of neurosurgical intensive care unit (NICU) patients, resulting in constipation.

Aim And Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate effect of abdominal massage on bowel evacuation and the risk of constipation in NICU patients.

Design: A prospective, randomized-controlled clinical trial.

Nucleated red blood cells as predictor of all-cause mortality in emergency department.

Bacground: Nucleated red blood cells (NRBCs) are immature erythrocytes that are not normally detected in the blood of healthy adults. The detection of these cells in peripheral blood is associated with increased mortality and poor prognosis. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether NRBCs predict for all causes of death in patients admitted to the emergency department (ED).

Peri-operative blood transfusion in elective major surgery: incidence, indications and outcome - an observational multicentre study.

Background: Patients' demographic and epidemiological characteristics, local variations in clinicians' knowledge and experience and types of surgery can influence peri-operative transfusion practices. Sharing data on transfusion practices and recipients may improve patients' care and implementation of Patient Blood Management (PBM).

Materials And Methods: This was a multicentre, prospective, observational, cross-sectional study that included 61 centres.

The role of COL6A1and PD-1 expressions in renal cell carcinoma.

Objective: The COL6A1 is a gene encoding the alpha 1 polypeptide subunit of collagen 6 (COL6A1), an extracellular matrix protein subunit. Programmed cell death receptor-1 (PD-1) and its ligand, programmed cell death receptor ligand-1 (PD-L1) have been shown to have a prognostic significance in clear cell renal cell carcinomas (RCCs). In this study, we evaluated the expressions of COL6A1 and PD-1 in four different RCC subtypes.

The Effect of High Lactate Level on Mortality in Acute Heart Failure Patients With Reduced Ejection Fraction Without Cardiogenic Shock.

Background: We aimed to determine the effect of blood lactate levels on cardiovascular (CV) death and hospitalization for heart failure (HF) in acute HF patients with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (EF).

Methods: Eighty-five acute HF patients with reduced ejection fraction were divided into two groups according to admission blood lactate levels. 48 of them had low blood lactate levels (< 2 mmol/l) and 37 of them had high blood lactate levels (≥ 2 mmol/l).

Lavage With Lidocaine and Adrenaline Mixture Reduces the Early Side Effects of Septorhinoplasty.

Background: Pain, ecchymosis, and edema are well-known temporary consequences of septorhinoplasty procedure. They give rise to patient's complaints, discomfort, and dissatisfaction, increasing the patient's anxiety and recovery time in the early postoperative course. Several approaches have been described to reduce the level of these complaints.

IL-1RN VNTR, IL-2(-330), and IL-4 VNTR gene polymorphisms in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with sinonasal polyposis.

Background/aim: Sinonasal polyposis is a complex chronic disease displaying contributions from multiple genetic and environmental factors. In this study, we analyzed possible genetic factors that increase susceptibility to this widespread inflammatory disease.

Materials And Methods: A total of 176 adult patients, including 78 patients with sinonasal polyposis and 98 healthy controls, were analyzed for IL-1RN VNTR, IL-2(-330), and IL-4 VNTR gene polymorphisms using polymerase chain reaction and enzyme restriction.

The prognostic significance of the risk scores at upper gastrointestinal bleeding.

Background: Upper gastrointestinal system (GIS) bleeding is one of the most common causes of mortality and morbidity. The predictive values of pre-endoscopic Rockall score (PERS), full Rockall score (FRS), Glasgow-Blatchford score (GBS), pre-endoscopic Baylor score (PEBS), and full Baylor score (FBS) to predict bleeding at follow-up, endoscopic therapy, blood transfusion requirement, and death are investigated in our study.

Methods: This study was retrospectively conducted in patients admitted to emergency department with upper GIS bleeding.

A Rare Cause for Recurrent Implant-Related Inflammation of Orbit: Dacryocystitis.

Ultra-thin porous polyethylene has been widely preferred in orbital blow out fracture repair for many years as a safe and stable material. Delayed complications related to the implant in orbital blow out fracture repair are very rare and usually begin as a periorbital inflammation. Infections and tissue reaction to the foreign body are regarded as main causes for implant-related inflammation of which symptoms may vary among the patients and may involve subacute and chronic eyelid swelling, skin redness, pain, conjunctival injection, proptosis, and acute orbital inflammation.

Deferasirox in children with transfusion-dependent thalassemia or sickle cell anemia: A large cohort real-life experience from Turkey (REACH-THEM).

Objectives: To evaluate the long-term efficacy and safety of deferasirox therapy in a large observational cohort of children with transfusion-dependent thalassemia (TDT) and sickle cell anemia (SCA) in Turkey.

Methods: This was a multicenter, prospective cohort study including TDT and SCA patients aged 2-18 years with iron overload (≥100 mL/kg of pRBC or a serum ferritin [SF] level >1000 μg/L) receiving deferasirox. Patients were followed for up to 3 years according to standard practice.

Diagnostic Classification Systems Based on Psychoanalytical Principles.

The diagnostic classification systems in psychiatry practice which are used worldwide extensively, The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) and International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD) are far away from the psychoanalytical point of view. It is thought that this gap results in the difficulty to understand psychiatric patients in clinical practice for many years. It has also created an obstacle to scientific researches addressing the validity and reliability of the psychoanalytical principles.