Survivability of the Femoral Neck System for the treatment of femoral neck fractures in adults.

Introduction: Hip fractures are common injuries in the elderly, with an incidence that continues to rise. The femoral neck system (FNS) recently emerged as a novel treatment option for femoral neck fractures, but long-term survivability of the implant remains uncertain. The purpose of this study is to evaluate survivability of the FNS and assess risk factors for implant failure.

A systematic review and meta-analysis of anesthesia type on hip fracture post-surgery outcomes.

Objective: To compare technical, clinical, and safety outcomes among hip fracture patients treated with procedures supplemented by general anesthesia (GA) or spinal/regional anesthesia (S/R).

Data Sources: We searched for original studies on PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid Embase, and Cochrane databases.

Study Selection: Studies that reported clinical outcomes in patients that underwent hip fracture surgery, had available data on type of anesthesia administered, and clinical follow-up data were selected for data extraction.

Cannabidiol in refractory status epilepticus: A review of clinical experiences.

Objective: To summarize and evaluate clinical experiences with refractory status epilepticus in which cannabidiol (CBD) was utilized for cessation of seizure activity.

Methods: A comprehensive literature review was performed on PubMED, MEDLINE, Scopus, and CINAHL between May - June 2022 with the assistance of a medical reference librarian using the following search terms: "Cannabidiol" [MAJR], "Status Epilepticus" [MAJR], "New-Onset Refractory Status Epilepticus", and "cannabidiol." Reports that provided dosing regimens and patient outcomes were included.

Heparin infusions in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhages: clinical considerations for use beyond anticoagulation.

Introduction: Patients who have experienced an aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) may face a significant morbidity burden following the acute phase of their injury. Though commonly employed as an anticoagulant, heparin may have clinical utility related to its ability to mitigate the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chelate oxidized blood.

Areas Covered: A comprehensive review of the literature was conducted on PubMed, MEDLINE, Scopus, Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Library and Web of Science with the assistance of a medical reference librarian from January 2018 to March 2022.

Acquired Amegakaryocytic Thrombocytopenia Progressing to Aplastic Anaemia.

Unlabelled: Acquired amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia (AAMT) is a rare disorder of the bone marrow characterized by a lack of megakaryocytes and preservation of other cell lines. It can occur due to an intrinsic stem cell defect or secondary to viral infections, autoimmune disorders, lymphoproliferative disorders or environmental toxins. With time, it can progress to aplastic anaemia (AA) and can have a poor prognosis.

Hereditary Angioedema Presenting as Isolated Jejunal Swelling.

Hereditary Angioedema (HAE) is a rare disorder caused by C1 esterase inhibitor deficiency or dysfunction. Patients with HAE usually present without urticaria or pruritis affecting the skin, upper airway, or the gastrointestinal tract. They can also present with involvement of unusual sites making the diagnosis challenging and leading to unnecessary testing and complications.

Glenoid bone augmentation: a contemporary and comprehensive systematic review of open procedures.

Introduction: There is a trend towards arthroscopically treating shoulder instability with glenoid deficiency. Despite this, there remains the option for treatment through an open technique. Multiple bone augmentation options are available for recurrent anterior shoulder instability.

Impact of interhospital transfer vs. direct admission on acute ischemic stroke patients: A subset analysis of the COMPLETE registry.

Background: Efficacy of thrombectomy treatment in acute ischemic stroke large vessel occlusion (AIS-LVO) patients is time dependent. Direct admission to thrombectomy centers (vs. interhospital transfer) may reduce time to treatment and improve outcomes.

mG-FAST, a single pre-hospital stroke screen for evaluating large vessel and non-large vessel strokes.

Background: Several stroke scales have been implemented to enhance early recognition of large vessel occlusion (LVO) in the field. These scales necessitate a tiered approach requiring emergency medical services (EMS) to utilize two scales, one for identifying stroke and another for differentiating LVO from non-LVO. Ideally, a single stroke scale should be utilized by EMS for triage.

The efficacy of prophylactic vertebroplasty for preventing proximal junctional complications after spinal fusion: a systematic review.

Background Context: Prophylactic vertebroplasty (VP) is performed at the upper level of instrumentation during spinal fusion to reduce the risk of proximal junctional kyphosis (PJK), proximal junctional fracture (PJFx), and proximal junctional failure (PJF). This study investigated the effect of VP on patient outcomes after spinal fusion.

Purpose: The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the effect of prophylactic VP on the incidence of PJK in patients with spinal fusion.

Bikini Incision vs Longitudinal Incision for Anterior Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Systematic Review.

Background: Direct anterior approach total hip arthroplasty (DAA THA) traditionally involves a longitudinal incision, but a bikini incision may improve postoperative scar cosmesis and patient satisfaction while reducing wound complications. This systematic review compares the clinical outcomes and surgical complications in patients undergoing DAA THA via a bikini vs longitudinal incision.

Methods: A Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses-compliant search of PubMed, Cochrane, and EMBASE was performed to identify original articles comparing patients undergoing DAA THA via a bikini vs longitudinal incision published from 2010 to 2021.

Time Does Not Heal All Ills: The Late Occurrence of Hemolytic Anemia After Prosthetic Mitral Valve Replacement.

Hemolytic anemia is a well-known complication of prostheses following the replacement of cardiac valves. Therefore, in all patients with prosthetic valve placement who present with anemia or hyperbilirubinemia, hemolysis is an important differential that must be ruled out, irrespective of how long the valve replacement has lasted. Indications for repair either through percutaneous or surgical approach generally include the severity of hemolysis based on either persistent symptoms of fatigue, the continued requirement of blood transfusions, or else the progression of valvular dysfunction.

Coracoclavicular Ligament Reconstruction Using TightRope for Delayed Grade III Acromioclavicular Joint Injury After Ipsilateral Diaphyseal Clavicle Fracture Fixation: Surgical Technique and Review of Current Literature.

Athletes commonly sustain high-energy direct impact injuries to the shoulder, with acromioclavicular joint (ACJ) injuries accounting for over half. Ipsilateral ACJ injury and diaphyseal clavicle fracture occur nearly 7% of the time. There is limited literature offering treatment suggestions for this unique injury pattern and limited evidence providing guidance to suggest which injury patterns should be treated operatively or nonoperatively.

Management of Right Atrial Thrombus During MitraClip Implantation: A Case Report and Review of Literature.

Transcatheter mitral valve repair (TMVR) is a relatively novel approach for treatment of symptomatic severe mitral regurgitation. Intra procedural thrombus formation is a rare but potential complication. Herein, we describe a case of large right atrial thrombus formation after transseptal puncture, that was successfully managed using aspiration thrombectomy.

Seizures Associated With Bone Density Conservation Agents.

Objective: The purpose of this review is to discuss the existing literature regarding patients who have experienced seizures after administration of a bone density conservation agent (BDCA).

Data Sources: A comprehensive literature review was performed between September and October 2021 using the following keywords: osteoporosis/drug therapy, seizures/chemically induced, hypercalcemia, hypocalcemia, osteoporosis, seizure risk, osteoclast medication, seizures, bisphosphonates, risedronate, zoledronic acid, pamidronate, denosumab, Prolia, Xgeva, calcitonin, BDCAs.

Study Selection And Data Extraction: A total of 90 articles were identified, but only 6 articles met prespecified inclusion and exclusion criteria.

Hyperinsulinemia Associated Depression.

Hyperinsulinemia promotes fat accumulation, causing obesity. Being an inflammatory state, obesity can induce further inflammation and is a risk factor for HPA (hypothalamic pituitary axis) dysregulation through hypercortisolism-related hyperglycemia. In another hypothesis, the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) plays a significant role in the regulation of hormone secretion from the pancreas such as an increase in catecholamines and glucagon as well as a decrease in plasma insulin levels, a disruption on SNS activity increases insulin levels, and induces glycogenolysis in the liver and lipolysis in adipose tissue during hypoglycemia.

Outcomes following balloon tibioplasty versus conventional osteosynthesis techniques for Schatzker type III tibial plateau fractures: a systematic review.

Introduction: Schatzker type III fractures of the tibial plateau require elevation of the depressed portions to regain articular congruity. Balloon tibioplasty has been used as an alternative to conventional metal instruments for elevation of the lateral tibial plateau. This study compared functional outcomes following balloon tibioplasty or conventional osteosynthesis techniques in patients with type III fractures of the tibial plateau.

Gastrointestinal Endoscopy and the Risk of Prosthetic Joint Infection: A Nationwide Database Analysis.

Background: Current guidelines suggest antibiotics prophylaxis is not necessary for patients with orthopedic prosthetics undergoing gastrointestinal endoscopy. Clinical evidence to support this recommendation is lacking.

Aims: To analyze the association between inpatient gastrointestinal endoscopy and prosthetic joint infection (PJI) in patients with a recent arthroplasty.

Multiregion Trauma Center Follow-Up Protocol for Transferred Trauma Patients.

Background: Trauma centers routinely utilize the Injury Severity Score for performance improvement. Yet, transferring facilities do not always have access to patients' final Injury Severity Score.

Objective: The purpose of this project was to develop and implement a multiregion Injury Severity Score follow-up feedback protocol for transferring facilities to receive standardized information on patient treatment and the ability to calculate an accurate follow-up Injury Severity Score of transferred patients.

Effects of a Labor Dispute on a Hospital-Based Helicopter Air Ambulance Service's Volume and Destinations.

Objective: In the United States, there are few unionized hospitals with air medical transport agencies. When labor disputes and strikes occur, information about the effect on helicopter air ambulances and critical care ground transport services is limited. For this study, a helicopter air ambulance and critical care ground transport agency's volume of transports was examined before, during, and after a strike and compared with volumes from the prior year.

Clinical considerations for rapid administration of undiluted or minimally diluted levetiracetam bolus doses.

Introduction: The ability to administer medications via rapid intravenous bolus has the potential to allow for the rapid attainment of therapeutic drug levels and to limit the amount of unnecessary fluid volumes infused. The purpose of this review was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of undiluted or minimally diluted levetiracetam bolus doses.

Areas Covered: A total of six pieces of the literature were evaluated in this review.

Percutaneous thrombectomy and right ventricular mechanical circulatory support for pulmonary embolism in a coronavirus disease 2019 patient: case report, 1-year update, and echocardiographic findings.

Background: We previously described percutaneous thrombectomy and right ventricular (RV) mechanical support of a coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patient with a massive pulmonary embolism. Here, we present a detailed echocardiographic and clinical timeline with 1-year follow-up.

Case Summary: A 57-year-old female with COVID-19 went into shock from a massive pulmonary embolism.

An Assessment of the Impact of SARS-CoV-2 on a Level 1 Trauma Center Including Subgroup Analysis of Orthopedic Injuries and Mechanism of Injury.

Background and objective There is a paucity of medical literature describing the preparedness of hospital institutions to withstand the population effects of a pandemic. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), has had a global impact on all facets of medicine, which has ultimately affected the medical community in a significant manner. Furthermore, there is a scarcity of research regarding the effects of COVID-19 on trauma and acute care surgery injury and admission rates.