Role of Fatty Acids β-Oxidation in the Metabolic Interactions Between Organs.

In recent decades, several discoveries have been made that force us to reconsider old ideas about mitochondria and energy metabolism in the light of these discoveries. In this review, we discuss metabolic interaction between various organs, the metabolic significance of the primary substrates and their metabolic pathways, namely aerobic glycolysis, lactate shuttling, and fatty acids β-oxidation. We rely on the new ideas about the supramolecular structure of the mitochondrial respiratory chain (respirasome), the necessity of supporting substrates for fatty acids β-oxidation, and the reverse electron transfer via succinate dehydrogenase during β-oxidation.

Pathophysiology of Angiotensin II-Mediated Hypertension, Cardiac Hypertrophy, and Failure: A Perspective from Macrophages.

Heart failure is a complex syndrome characterized by cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis, and diastolic/systolic dysfunction. These changes share many pathological features with significant inflammatory responses in the myocardium. Among the various regulatory systems that impact on these heterogeneous pathological processes, angiotensin II (Ang II)-activated macrophages play a pivotal role in the induction of subcellular defects and cardiac adverse remodeling during the progression of heart failure.

Activation of cellular responses by cyclic dinucleotides and lipopolysaccharide: a proteomic study on gingival fibroblasts.

Background: Bacterial cyclic dinucleotides (CDNs), cyclic di-guanosine monophosphate (c-di-GMP), and cyclic di-adenosine monophosphate (c-di-AMP) upregulate interferon signaling proteins of human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs). However, the simultaneous effect of bacterial CDNs and lipopolysaccharides (LPS) on the HGF proteome is unknown.

Aim: The aim was to apply an unbiased proteomics approach to evaluate how simultaneous exposure to CDNs and (Pg) LPS affect the global proteome of HGFs.

Semaglutide and Postoperative Outcomes in Non-Diabetic Patients Following Body Contouring Surgery.

Background: Semaglutide is a medication used for weight loss in obese patients. Recently, many plastic surgeons have recommended its use of semaglutide following bariatric surgery to increase one's weight loss. However, postoperative complications such as wound dehiscence, delayed healing, and infection pose significant risks.

Allostatic Load, Educational Attainment, and Risk of Cancer Mortality Among US Men.

Importance: Health disparities among racial and ethnic minoritized populations, particularly for cancer mortality rates, remain a major public health concern. Men from underrepresented backgrounds (Black and Hispanic men, specifically) face the pervasive effects of discrimination in their daily lives, which also contribute to the complex associations among allostatic load (a marker of chronic stress), educational opportunities, and elevated risks of cancer mortality.

Objective: To elucidate the associations among educational attainment, allostatic load, and cancer mortality risk among men.

Replantation of middle fingertip following complete Tamai Zone 2 amputation and eschar development: A clinical case report.

Introduction: Fingertip injuries are common, and proper management depends on the type of injury and the long-term function. This case report presents a challenging fingertip replantation of the middle finger with single artery anastomosis, which was complicated by an eschar and progressed to healing after six months of post-operative care.

Case Presentation: A 27-year-old man came with a left middle fingertip amputation distal to the distal interphalangeal joint (Tamai zone 2).

Sotorasib for the treatment of locally advanced/metastatic non-small cell lung cancer.

Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS) mutation is prognostic of poor survival for patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). KRAS G12C mutations occur in 13% of NSCLC cases and despite the frequency of this mutation, advances in drug development against KRAS have historically been impeded due to the extremely high affinity of KRAS for guanosine triphosphate (GTP) and the lack of a binding pocket on the surface of KRAS that is suitable for drug binding. Sotorasib, a first-in-class, highly selective KRAS G12C inhibitor overcomes this issue by irreversibly binding in the switch-II pocket.

Artificial intelligence: Applications in cardio-oncology and potential impact on racial disparities.

Numerous cancer therapies have detrimental cardiovascular effects on cancer survivors. Cardiovascular toxicity can span the course of cancer treatment and is influenced by several factors. To mitigate these risks, cardio-oncology has evolved, with an emphasis on prevention and treatment of cardiovascular complications resulting from the presence of cancer and cancer therapy.

Delphi-driven consensus definition for mesenchymal stromal cells and clinical reporting guidelines for mesenchymal stromal cell-based therapeutics.

Background Aims: Despite promising results in pre-clinical studies, mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) face significant challenges in clinical translation. A scoping review by our group highlighted two key issues contributing to this gap: (i) lack of a clear and consensus definition for MSCs and (ii) under-reporting of critical parameters in MSC clinical studies. To address these issues, we conducted a modified Delphi study to establish and implement a consensus definition for MSCs and develop reporting guidelines for MSC clinical studies.

Acute Focal Dystonia as a Presentation of Uncontrolled Hyperglycemia.

Hyperglycemia-induced involuntary movements (HIIM) include tremors, hemichorea-hemiballismus (HCHB), and more rarely, dystonia. Presentations may vary, but hyperintensity involving the basal ganglia area on the T1 sequence of MRI brain remains a commonality.  We report the occurrence of focal dystonia with uncontrolled hyperglycemia but no focal abnormalities on MRI.

A causal model for predicting the impact of pharmacotherapy on colorectal surgery outcomes.

Introduction: Evidence-based principles in enhanced recovery programs (ERPs) demonstrate substantial improvement in patient outcomes. Determining which latent variables predict composite outcomes could refine ERP pharmacotherapy recommendations.

Methods: Using R, pharmacotherapy data were modeled from an existing dataset of adult elective colorectal surgery patients.

Unbiased phage display screening identifies hidden malaria vaccine targets.

Malaria is among the deadliest infectious diseases. Over 200 million annual clinical malaria cases are reported and more than half a million people, mostly children, die every year. The most advanced RTS,S/AS01 vaccine based on the circumsporozoite protein (CSP), targets sporozoite liver infection but achieved modest efficacy.

Navigating recovery while postpartum: examining the relationship between maternal functioning and substance use disorders.

Our current understanding of postpartum people's functioning while managing substance use disorder (SUD) recovery is limited. This study explored whether having a SUD impacts maternal functioning and examined the reliability of the Barkin Index of Maternal Functioning (BIMF) in postpartum people with SUDs. We conducted a prospective, cross-sectional survey ( = 141) by administering the BIMF and a demographic questionnaire with a sample of postpartum people with SUD ( = 48) and a comparative sample of postpartum people without SUD ( = 93).

The Effect of Tele-Continuous Care on Maternal Functioning and Neonatal Perception among Iranian Primiparous Mothers: A Randomized Field Trial Study.

: New mothers face significant challenges during the postpartum period, which can impact their maternal performance. This study aimed to assess the effect of tele-continuous midwifery care on maternal functioning and neonatal perception in first-time Iranian mothers. : A randomized controlled field trial was conducted from January to May 2023 on 48 first-time mothers in the postpartum ward at Arash Women's Hospital, Tehran.