The effect of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy on PTSD and depression symptoms in trauma-exposed black adults: Pilot randomized controlled trial results.

Low-income, urban-dwelling Black adults are disproportionately affected by traumatic experiences, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and depression and encounter inequities in treatment access. In addition to the benefits Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) for depression, there is preliminary evidence of successful symptom reduction in PTSD via MBCT across two prior pilot studies in veterans. Studies examining the effects of MBCT among trauma-exposed Black adults remains limited, and examination of effects across specific PTSD clusters is almost nonexistent.

Exposure to p-dichlorobenzene and prevalent endocrine-related reproductive cancers among US women.

P-dichlorobenzene (p-DCB) is a pest repellent and air deodorant that is commonly found in the household and public buildings. Exposure to p-DCB has been suggested to have potential metabolic and endocrine effects. Little is known about its association with endocrine-related female cancers.

Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Intravascular Targeted Temperature Management after Cardiac Arrest in England.

Background: Targeted temperature management (TTM) has been shown to improve neurological outcomes and survival in patients resuscitated from cardiac arrest; however, the cost effectiveness of multiple TTM methods is not well studied.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the cost effectiveness of intravascular temperature management (IVTM) using Thermogard XP compared with surface cooling methods after cardiac arrest in the England from the perspectives of the UK national health service and Personal Social Services.

Methods: We developed a multi-state Markov model that evaluated IVTM (Thermogard XP) compared with surface cooling using two different devices (Blanketrol III and Arctic Sun 5000) over a short-term and lifetime time horizon.

Ambient air emissions of endocrine-disrupting metals and the incidence of hormone receptor- and HER2-dependent female breast cancer in USA.

Limited evidence exists on the relationship between exposure to endocrine-disrupting metals in ambient air and hormone receptor- and HER2-dependent breast cancer. This study investigates the association between ambient air emissions of endocrine-disrupting metals and the incidence of female breast cancer of different receptor status. County-level data from the US national datasets were analyzed for the association between emissions of various metals including arsenic, cadmium, chromium VI, lead, and mercury, and the annual age-adjusted incidence of hormone receptor-dependent breast cancer for 1990-2016 and HER2-dependent breast cancer for 2010-2016 using adjusted linear regression models.

The effect of albinism on avian predator attack rates in eastern garter snakes.

Albinism is a conspicuous and distinctive phenotype arising from the absence of melanin in the integument that has been documented in all major vertebrate groups. With few exceptions, albinism is rare in natural populations, suggesting that it incurs significant fitness costs as compared to wild-type phenotypes. One possible explanation for this rarity is that albinos experience higher predation risk as compared to wild-type individuals.

The Efficacy of a Calamansi-Containing Energy Drink on Running Performance and Recovery in NCAA Division I Middle-Distance Runners: A Preliminary Study.

This study examined the effects of a non-caffeinated energy drink (ED) that contained calamansi juice, glucose, and taurine on 3-km running performance and recovery. Eleven NCAA Division I middle-distance runners (20.8 ± 1.

Early postnatal hypothyroidism reduces juvenile play behavior, but prenatal hypothyroidism compensates for these effects.

Perinatal hypothyroidism causes long-lasting effects on behavior, including hyperactivity, cognitive delays/deficits, and a reduction in anxiety. Although there is some evidence that hypothyroidism during fetal development in humans has been associated with later autism spectrum disorder diagnosis or autism-like traits, the relationships between early thyroid hormones and social behaviors are largely unknown. Previously, we found that a moderate dose of the hypothyroid-inducing drug methimazole during embryonic and postnatal development dramatically increased juvenile play in male and female rats.

Continuous transversus abdominis plane blocks in patients undergoing minimally invasive colorectal surgery: a randomized pilot study.

Purpose: Transversus abdominis plane (TAP) blocks are used in an attempt to decrease narcotic use and its subsequent consequences. The primary goal of this study was to see if TAP blocks decreased narcotic use in patients undergoing minimally invasive colorectal surgery.

Methods: A randomized pilot study was conducted.

Cost-Effectiveness of Tisagenlecleucel in Paediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia (pALL) and Adult Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL) in Switzerland.

Introduction: The purpose of the present analysis was to explore the cost-effectiveness of tisagenlecleucel in relapsed or refractory (r/r) paediatric acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (pALL) and r/r adult diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) in Switzerland against a range of historical standard-of-care treatments.

Methods: Two cost-utility models were constructed for the two licensed indications using similar methodologies but indication-specific data. Clinical efficacy data were based on pooled analyses of clinical trials for tisagenlecleucel (pALL: ELIANA, ENSIGN, B2101J; DLBCL: JULIET, NCT02030834) and published data for comparator treatments.

Impact of Different Mixing Methods on the Performance of Suspension-Based Transdermal Delivery Systems.

Suspension-based matrix transdermal delivery systems (TDSs) are specialized systems that maintain a continuous driving force for drug delivery over prolonged wear. The pressure-sensitive adhesive (PSA) is the most critical constituent of such systems. Our study aimed to determine the effect of different mixing methods on the performance of silicone PSA-based suspension TDSs.

Mercury emissions from Peruvian gold shops: Potential ramifications for Minamata compliance in artisanal and small-scale gold mining communities.

Ratification of the Minamata Convention on Mercury has led to the establishment of Peruvian regulations limiting mercury concentrations in air to 2000 ng/mover a 24-hr measurement period. As a result, three communities in Madre de Dios, Peru were mapped during October 2017 to determine Hg vapor concentrations in the air. The town of Tres Islas exhibited Hg concentrations less than 200 ng/m: the minimum risk level defined by the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry.

Mechanistic studies of a "Declick" reaction.

A kinetic analysis of a "declick" reaction is described. Compound , previously reported to couple an amine and a thiol ( "click") under mild aqueous conditions to create , undergoes release of the unaltered coupling partners upon triggering with dithiothreitol (). In the study reported herein various aniline derivatives possessing para-electron donating and withdrawing groups were used as the amines.

The pharmacokinetics of 3-fluoroamphetamine following delivery using clinically relevant routes of administration.

3-Fluoroamphetamine (also called PAL-353) is a synthetic amphetamine analog that has been investigated for cocaine use disorder (CUD), yet no studies have characterized its pharmacokinetics (PK). In the present study, we determined the PK of PAL-353 in male Sprague Dawley rats following intravenous bolus injection (5 mg/kg). Plasma samples were analyzed using a novel bioanalytical method that coupled liquid-liquid extraction and LC-MS/MS.

Co-administration of Selenium with Inorganic Mercury Alters the Disposition of Mercuric Ions in Rats.

Mercury (Hg) is a common environmental toxicant to which humans are exposed regularly through occupational and dietary means. Although selenium supplementation has been reported to prevent the toxic effects of Hg in animals, the mechanisms for this prevention are not well understood. The purpose of the current study was to determine the effects of selenium on the disposition and toxicity of Hg.

Effects of the synthetic psychedelic 2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodoamphetamine (DOI) on ethanol consumption and place conditioning in male mice.

Rationale: Approximately 20 million adults in the USA have an alcohol use disorder (AUD). There are clinical and preclinical data suggesting that psychedelics may have benefits for AUD.

Objective: To investigate the effects of the synthetic psychedelic 2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodoamphetamine (DOI) on the behavioral effects of ethanol.

Multiplexed ELISA screening assay for nine paralytic shellfish toxins in human plasma.

Paralytic shellfish poisoning is a lethal syndrome that can develop in humans who consume shellfish contaminated with paralytic shellfish toxins. These toxins have a short half-life in the human body, so a rapid diagnostic assessment of the poisoning is necessary. In this paper, we have developed and validated a rapid ELISA screening assay using anti-saxitoxin antibodies to screen nine toxins: saxitoxin; decarbamoyl saxitoxin; gonyautoxin 2,3; decarbamoyl GTX 2,3; neosaxitoxin; and gonyautoxin 1,4, in human plasma with lower limits of detection of 0.

Drug screening and changing marijuana policy: Validation of new single question drug screening tools.

Background: Illicit drug use is common in U.S. medical settings.

Three-dimensional versus two-dimensional laparoscopic right colectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Three-dimensional (3D) vision technology has recently been validated for the improvement of surgical skills in a simulated setting. Clinical studies on specific operations have been published in the field of general, urologic, and gynecologic laparoscopic surgery. We hypothesized that 3D vision laparoscopic right colectomy has better intra and short-term postoperative outcomes than two-dimensional (2D) vision.

Alcohol and drug screening and brief intervention behaviors among advanced practice registered nurse (APRN) students in clinical settings.

Previous research on training health professionals to identify and address unhealthy alcohol and drug use in patients through screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment (SBIRT) has found that training increases knowledge about substance use and increases students' confidence in addressing substance use in patients. To date, however, there is little information on how health professional students integrate SBIRT into individual practice. Within a U.

Rapid and Sensitive ELISA Screening Assay for Several Paralytic Shellfish Toxins in Human Urine.

Paralytic shellfish poisoning is caused by a group of paralytic shellfish toxins that are produced by dinoflagellates. Toxins in this group include saxitoxin, neosaxitoxin and gonyautoxins. A rapid diagnostic test to identify poisoning by these toxins can be helpful in guiding the appropriate treatment of victims.

Cyanidation of Mercury-Contaminated Tailings: Potential Health Effects and Environmental Justice.

There is a variety of health and environmental issues associated with artisanal and small-scale gold mining (ASGM), which includes concerns regarding mercury pollution. In many countries, intervention programs and policies emphasized the importance of reducing mercury use by focusing on viable alternative methods to amalgamation that may include a transition to cyanidation. ASGM communities that now employ a combination of both methods may be increasing health and environmental risks by using mercury-contaminated tailings in the cyanidation process.

Teamwork in Acute Care: Perceptions of Essential but Unheard Assistive Personnel and the Counterpoint of Perceptions of Registered Nurses.

Teams of unlicensed personnel and registered nurses have provided hospital-based nursing care for decades. Although ineffective teamwork has been associated with poor patient outcomes, little is known of the perspectives of nursing assistive personnel (NAP). The purpose of this study was to gain insights into the perceptions of NAP and professional registered nurses (RNs) on teamwork in acute care.

Diabetes care practice patterns of recent pharmacy graduates.

Purpose: The objective of this project was to determine the amount and type of clinical skills and diabetes education provided by recent pharmacy school graduates.

Methods: Six hundred and one graduates were e-mailed a link to an online survey. Subjects were asked to report how frequently they either educate patients on diabetes self-care activities or perform diabetes-related patient care skills and to rate their ability to do so as poor, fair, good, or excellent.

Lack of a pharmacokinetic drug-drug interaction with venlafaxine extended-release/indinavir and desvenlafaxine extended-release/indinavir.

Purpose: To assess the effects of venlafaxine extended-release (XR) capsules and desvenlafaxine extended-release (XR) tablets upon indinavir pharmacokinetic properties when co-administrated to healthy volunteers.

Methods: This was an open-label, two-period, fixed-dose study conducted at the clinical research unit located on a university campus. Twenty-four healthy volunteers enrolled in the study (mean age 28.