9,072 results match your criteria: "Meningitis Viral"
Meningitis after COVID-19 vaccination, a systematic review of case reports and case series.
BMC Infect Dis
October 2024
Neurosciences Research Center, Poursina Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
Article Synopsis
- Vaccination is a key strategy to combat COVID-19, but it may lead to rare complications like meningitis, prompting this study to investigate its clinical aspects and underlying causes.
- The researchers reviewed 35 cases of meningitis linked to post COVID-19 vaccination, finding that VZV was the most common viral agent, with symptoms like headache typically appearing about a week post-vaccination.
- The study concludes that while meningitis can be a serious complication, most patients respond well to treatment, and monitoring is advised for those with a history of chickenpox.
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever Encephalitis and "Starry Sky" Pattern on MRI: A Case Report.
Neurologist
January 2025
Departments of Neurology.
Article Synopsis
- Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever (RMSF) is a serious illness caused by a tick-borne bacterium, Rickettsia rickettsii, that can cause neurological symptoms like altered consciousness, fever, and rashes.
- A 61-year-old woman initially diagnosed with a urinary tract infection rapidly deteriorated to a comatose state with distinctive MRI findings and a rash, leading to a diagnosis of RMSF encephalitis.
- This case emphasizes the importance of recognizing RMSF encephalitis in patients with fever, confusion, and specific MRI patterns, as timely diagnosis is crucial for treatment decisions.
Steroids for viral meningitis: a foe or a friend?
Clin Microbiol Infect
January 2025
Department of Medicine, Section of Infectious Disease, McGovern Medical School, UTHealth Science Center, 6431 Fannin St, 2.112 MSB, Houston, TX, USA. Electronic address:
In Vivo CRISPR Screening Reveals CHD7 as a Positive Regulator of Short-lived Effector Cells.
J Immunol
November 2024
Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
CD8+ T cells differentiate into two subpopulations in response to acute viral infection: memory precursor effector cells (MPECs) and short-lived effector cells (SLECs). MPECs and SLECs are epigenetically distinct; however, the epigenetic regulators required for formation of these subpopulations are mostly unknown. In this study, we performed an in vivo CRISPR screen in murine naive CD8+ T cells to identify the epigenetic regulators required for MPEC and SLEC formation, using the acute lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus Armstrong infection model.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProbable Causative Agents and Demographic Patterns of Encephalitis, Meningitis, and Meningoencephalitis in a Single Tertiary Care Center.
Cureus
September 2024
College of Basic Medical Science, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, SAU.
Article Synopsis
- Encephalitis, meningitis, and meningoencephalitis pose major clinical challenges due to their varied causes and serious complications, necessitating a high suspicion index for effective treatment.
- The study conducted at King Abdulaziz Medical City in Jeddah analyzed data from 233 patients, revealing that meningitis was the most common diagnosis, primarily caused by bacterial agents, particularly impacting younger children and older adults with higher mortality rates.
- The findings highlight the need for accurate diagnosis and tailored treatment plans to improve patient outcomes, suggesting further research is necessary to refine healthcare strategies for these neurological infections.
Vaccination Against Mumps, Aren't We Late Already?
JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc
July 2024
Dhading hospital, Dhadingbesi, Dhading, Nepal.
Article Synopsis
- Mumps is a viral infection characterized by fever and swelling of the parotid glands, caused by the paramyxovirus.
- Complications from mumps can include aseptic meningitis, encephalitis, oophoritis, orchitis, and pancreatitis.
- The rising incidence of mumps in Nepal highlights the need to include mumps vaccination in the national immunization schedule.
Understanding neurotropic enteric viruses: routes of infection and mechanisms of attenuation.
Cell Mol Life Sci
October 2024
OrganoVIR Labs, Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, location Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam Institute for Reproduction and Development, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1100 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Article Synopsis
- The gut and brain are intricately connected, with various pathways allowing viruses to impact both regions.
- Certain viruses, particularly picornaviruses and astroviruses, have the unique ability to move from the intestines into the nervous system, posing risks especially to vulnerable populations like immunocompromised individuals and young children.
- This review explores how these enteric viruses infect the gut-brain axis, examining their infection mechanisms and how they may be mitigated.
Epidemiology of pediatric meningitis and encephalitis in Japan: a cross-sectional study.
Microbiol Spectr
November 2024
Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, HyogoPrefectural Kobe Children's Hospital, Kobe City, Hyogo, Japan.
Article Synopsis
- The study focuses on improving the understanding of pediatric meningitis and encephalitis in children from western Japan, particularly using the FilmArray Meningitis/Encephalitis (FA-M/E) panel for pathogen identification.
- Over a year, cerebrospinal fluid samples from 221 children were tested, revealing that viral and bacterial infections were common, with human parechovirus being notably prevalent during summer months in infants.
- The FA-M/E panel showed advantages over traditional culture methods, notably identifying pathogens that conventional methods missed, which aids in better clinical management of these conditions.
Attribution of invasive group A streptococcal infections (iGAS) to predisposing viral infections, the Netherlands, 2010 to 2023.
Euro Surveill
October 2024
Center for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, the Netherlands.
Article Synopsis
- After COVID-19 restrictions were lifted in 2022, the incidence of invasive group A streptococcal (iGAS) infections increased among children and adults, linked to a rise in other viral infections like influenza and varicella.
- A study in the Netherlands aimed to quantify how much skin and soft tissue infections (SSTI) and pneumonia/sepsis cases in children and adults were connected to these viral infections.
- Findings showed that from 2010-2023, varicella was responsible for a significant portion of GAS SSTI cases, while influenza A was the main viral contributor to pneumonia/sepsis, indicating the need for public health interventions like vaccinations to mitigate iGAS infection rates.
Respiratory viral testing for young febrile infants presenting to emergency care: a planned secondary analysis of the Febrile Infants Diagnostic assessment and Outcome (FIDO) prospective observational cohort study.
Arch Dis Child
November 2024
Wellcome Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast School of Medicine Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Belfast, UK.
Article Synopsis
- * Conducted across 35 pediatric emergency departments in the UK and Ireland, the study analyzed data from febrile infants aged 90 days and younger between July 2022 and August 2023.
- * Findings revealed that young infants with a positive respiratory viral test (like RSV, influenza, or SARS-CoV-2) had a lower risk of IBI, particularly those over 28 days old, countering the initial worry of bacterial infections in cases of viral presence.
Non-coding RNAs in meningitis: Key regulators of immune response and inflammation.
Pathol Res Pract
November 2024
College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia; Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran 31311, Saudi Arabia; Department of Public Health and Nutrition, The University of Haripur, Haripur 22610, Pakistan.
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) contain circular RNAs (circRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and micro-ribonucleic acids (miRNAs). These RNAs receive good functionality in modulation of gene expressions & cellular roles. Recent research is shedding light on their pivotal roles in the pathophysiology of inflammatory meningitis, such as viral, fungal, or bacterial infections.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFElectroencephalography in emerging viral infections: Lessons learned from implementing an EEG unit in a Lassa fever isolation ward in Nigeria.
PLoS Negl Trop Dis
October 2024
Department of Tropical Medicine, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine & I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
Article Synopsis
- EEG is a special test used to check how the brain works, especially in diagnosing conditions like epilepsy.
- Lassa fever and other viral infections can cause brain issues, but it's not always clear if they are caused directly by the virus or other problems in the body.
- Setting up an EEG unit in a hospital for Lassa fever is hard because of issues like power outages, heat, and needing special safety gear, but doctors can still learn a lot from it to help treat patients.
Preliminary investigation and analysis of nucleotide site variability of nine glycoproteins on varicella-zoster virus envelope, Jilin Province, China, 2010-March 2024.
Sci Rep
October 2024
Department of Infectious Diseases, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, Jilin, China.
Article Synopsis
- Varicella, or chickenpox, is common globally, but China lacks a national surveillance program and routine vaccination for it.
- A study in Jilin Province analyzed two decades of varicella data, showing fluctuating incidence rates, particularly spiking after COVID-19, along with some fatalities.
- Researchers found significant variations in the varicella-zoster virus (VZV) over 15 years, suggesting that to reduce varicella cases, China should implement a surveillance program and adjust vaccination strategies based on ongoing genetic monitoring of VZV.
Varicella-zoster virus recapitulates its immune evasive behaviour in matured hiPSC-derived neurospheroids.
Front Immunol
October 2024
Laboratory of Experimental Hematology (LEH), Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute (Vaxinfectio), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
Article Synopsis
- * The study analyzed how human neural-like cells (neurospheroids) respond to VZV infection compared to Sendai virus (SeV), finding that SeV triggers a strong immune response while VZV appears to evade detection.
- * The research indicates that VZV not only avoids activating the immune system but also disrupts cellular integrity and prompts stress response mechanisms in the long term.
TRIM56 restricts Coxsackievirus B infection by mediating the ubiquitination of viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase 3D.
PLoS Pathog
September 2024
Department of Cell Biology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
Article Synopsis
- Coxsackievirus B (CVB) is linked to serious illnesses like myocarditis, meningitis, and pancreatitis, with no effective antiviral treatments available due to incomplete understanding of its pathogenesis.
- The study identifies that the 3D protein of CVB3 undergoes K48-linked polyubiquitination, leading to its degradation by the proteasome, with E3 ligase TRIM56 playing a crucial role in this process.
- Findings suggest that TRIM56 acts as a cellular defense mechanism against CVB infection, indicating that boosting viral protein degradation may provide a new strategy for managing CVB infections.
Tim-3 Is Required for Regulatory T Cell-Mediated Promotion of T Cell Exhaustion and Viral Persistence during Chronic Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus Infection.
J Immunol
November 2024
Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA.
Expression of T cell Ig and mucin domain-containing protein 3 (Tim-3) is upregulated on regulatory T cells (Tregs) during chronic viral infections. In several murine and human chronic infections, the expression of Tim-3 is associated with poor control of viral burden and impaired antiviral immune responses. However, the role of Tim-3+ Tregs during persistent viral infections has not been fully defined.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeuroinflammation-Induced SIADH in West Nile Virus Infection: An Uncommon Neurological and Endocrine Manifestation.
Am J Case Rep
September 2024
Department of Graduate Medical Education, Internal Medicine Residency, Sutter Roseville Medical Center, Roseville, CA, USA.
Article Synopsis
- A case involving a 75-year-old man showed severe hyponatremia (sodium at 117 mmol/L) alongside symptoms of viral meningitis, leading to confusion and lethargy, ultimately diagnosed as a WNV infection.
- The case highlights the challenges in diagnosing WNV, particularly its link to hyponatremia, emphasizing the importance of supportive care, as there are no established specific treatments.
Unveiling the Impact of Human Herpesviruses-Associated on CNS Infections: An Observational Study.
Viruses
September 2024
Gerência de Bacteriologia, Fundação de Medicina Tropical Doutor Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus 69040-000, Brazil.
Article Synopsis
- Human Herpesviruses (HHVs) are linked to serious neurological diseases like encephalitis and meningitis, presenting a major health challenge, especially for individuals with compromised immune systems such as those with HIV/AIDS.
- A study of 895 patients suspected of having viral CNS infections found that 7.5% tested positive for HHVs, with Cytomegalovirus (HCMV) and Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) being the most common, emphasizing their role in neurological conditions.
- The findings highlight the importance of analyzing cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) for accurate diagnosis and stress the need for tailored treatment strategies in managing CNS infections, particularly in immunocompromised patients.
Targeting Yezo Virus Structural Proteins for Multi-Epitope Vaccine Design Using Immunoinformatics Approach.
Viruses
September 2024
Department of Zoology, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan 23200, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
Article Synopsis
- A newly discovered tick-borne virus, the Yezo virus (YEZV), is endemic in Japan and China, causing serious health issues like fever, fatigue, and neurological complications, with no current treatment or vaccine available.
- Researchers used an immunoinformatics approach to identify vaccine targets within the YEZV's structural proteins, selecting six specific epitopes for a multi-epitope vaccine that covers 92.29% of the global population.
- The newly designed vaccine showed promising results in structural analysis and molecular docking, indicating strong potential for inducing an immune response, but further testing is needed to confirm its safety and effectiveness.
Fas/FasL-Mediated Apoptosis and Inflammation Contribute to Recovery from HSV-2-Mediated Spinal Cord Infection.
Viruses
August 2024
Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden.
Article Synopsis
- Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) primarily causes genital herpes but can lead to meningitis in rare cases, prompting research using a murine model to understand its effects on the central nervous system (CNS).
- The study found that the Fas and FasL pathways are activated in the CNS during HSV-2 infection, and mice lacking these pathways exhibited worse disease outcomes and higher viral loads.
- Overall, the research suggests that the Fas/FasL pathway is crucial for controlling inflammation and facilitating proper immune responses in the spinal cord during HSV-2 infection.
Viral Etiology of Aseptic Meningitis and Clinical Prediction of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Meningitis.
J Pers Med
September 2024
Department of Neurology, Soonchunhyang University Hospital Cheonan, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, 31 Soonchunhyang 6-gil, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan 31151, Republic of Korea.
Article Synopsis
- Aseptic meningitis is characterized by inflammation of the meninges and changes in cerebrospinal fluid, without positive bacterial tests, and this study focuses on the viral causes, particularly herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), in immunocompetent adults.
- The research analyzed 98 patients at a Korean hospital diagnosed with aseptic meningitis over two years, finding that HSV-2 accounted for 16.3% of cases, alongside other viruses like enterovirus and varicella zoster virus.
- Key findings suggested that HSV-2 predominantly affects females and is associated with higher white blood cell counts and protein levels in cerebrospinal fluid, while prior meningitis history and serum C-reactive protein levels were
Architectural organization and fusion protein structure of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus.
J Virol
October 2024
California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Unlabelled: Arenaviruses exist globally and can cause hemorrhagic fever and neurological diseases, exemplified by the zoonotic pathogen lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV). The structures of individual LCMV proteins or their fragments have been reported, but the architectural organization and the nucleocapsid assembly mechanism remain elusive. Importantly, the structure of the arenavirus fusion protein complex (glycoprotein complex, GPC) as present on the virion prior to fusion, particularly with its integral stable signal peptide (SSP), has not been shown, hindering efforts such as structure-based vaccine design.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFebrile young infants and the association with enterovirus infection.
J Formos Med Assoc
September 2024
Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- Enterovirus infections were found in 17.4% of febrile infants under 90 days old at a Taiwanese hospital, with a notable 46% of those cases presenting severe neurological conditions like meningitis or encephalitis.
- Infants infected within the first two weeks of life faced higher risks of severe complications, including anemia, ICU admission, and even mortality.
- Key risk factors identified for severe outcomes were specific high-risk serotypes of enterovirus and low hemoglobin levels, suggesting the need for early testing in febrile young infants exhibiting these risks.
Sand flies and Toscana virus: Intra-vector infection dynamics and impact on Phlebotomus perniciosus life-history traits.
PLoS Negl Trop Dis
September 2024
MIVEGEC, Université de Montpellier - IRD - CNRS, Centre IRD, Montpellier, France.
Toscana virus (TOSV) is a leading cause of summer viral meningitis in Southern Europe (Central Italy, south of France, Spain and Portugal) and can cause severe neurological cases. Within the Mediterranean basin, it is transmitted by hematophagous sand flies belonging to the Phlebotomus genus. Despite the identification of the primary TOSV vectors, the viral developmental cycle in vector species remains largely unknown.
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