A case of dose-dependent lithium-induced tardive dyskinesia.

Tardive dyskinesia (TD) is a serious side effect that manifests itself mainly with choreiform and athetotic movement disorders, and generally occurs in the long term during antipsychotic treatments and is generally irreversible. We report a 67-year-old female patient having a diagnosis of Bipolar Disorder (BD) for 25 years, receiving 1200 mg/day lithium monotherapy for 10 years and in remission. The patient had been showing signs of TD-like syndrome for the last 6 months.

Predictors of shoulder limitations and disability in patients with cardiac implantable electronic devices: Importance of device size.

Background: Generator-induced shoulder impairment is a common complication of cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) implantation. Although implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) have become smaller in size, they are still bigger than pacemakers (PMs). This study aimed to investigate the effects of single-chamber PM and ICD sizes on shoulder function.

Hysterectomy via transvaginal natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery versus single-port laparoscopy: Comparison of early outcomes.

Aim: The study objective was to compare intraoperative and early postoperative outcomes among patients who underwent hysterectomy via transvaginal natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (and single-port lararoscopy for presumed benign gynecologic disorders).

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 40 patients who underwent single-port laparoscopic hysterectomy and 20 patients who underwent hysterectomy via natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery. Patients' age, body mass index, history of previous delivery and surgery, total operation time (from skin incision to closure), intraoperative and postoperative complications conversion to another surgical procedure, drop of hemoglobin level, postoperative pain at 1 and 18 h, average hospital stay, and clinical outcomes were analyzed.

Surgical outcome of laminoplasty for cervical spondylotic myelopathy: a single-institution experience.

Background/aim: Cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) develops as a result of compression of the spinal cord in the cervical region. Early diagnosis and surgical treatment can limit the progression of symptoms. Various surgical approaches and strategies have been described in the literature.

Gender-related clinical and management differences in patients with chronic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction.

Aim: Gender-related differences have been described in the clinical characteristics and management of patients with chronic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). However, published data are conflictive in this regard.

Methods: We investigated differences in clinical and management variables between male and female patients from the ATA study, a prospective, multicentre, observational study that included 1462 outpatients with chronic HFrEF between January and June 2019.

The attitudes, behaviors, and opinions about non-pharmacological agents in patients with tinea pedis.

Tinea pedis affects the life quality distinctly and patients those with a prolonged disease often resort to non-medical methods. We sought to evaluate patients' knowledge about tinea pedis and approaches to the non-pharmacological agents. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 152 patients with tinea pedis who answered the survey between July and November 2019.

Adherence to guideline-directed medical and device Therapy in outpAtients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: The ATA study.

Objective: Despite recommendations from heart failure guidelines on the use of pharmacologic and device therapy in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), important inconsistencies in guideline adherence persist in practice. The aim of this study was to assess adherence to guideline-directed medical and device therapy for the treatment of patients with chronic HFrEF (left ventricular ejection fraction ≤40%).

Methods: The Adherence to guideline-directed medical and device Therapy in outpAtients with HFrEF (ATA) study is a prospective, multicenter, observational study conducted in 24 centers from January 2019 to June 2019.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Outcomes of Osteochondral Lesions of the Talus Associated With Ankle Fractures.

Background: Osteochondral lesions of the talus (OCLTs) secondary to ankle fractures have previously been reported in the literature. However, no study has evaluated OCLTs using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) following ankle fracture treatment. The purpose of our study was to investigate accompanying OCLTs in patients with an ankle fracture and evaluate its relationship with the clinical outcomes.

Promoter region mutations of the telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) gene in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Objective: The aim of the present study was to assess the prevalence of TERT promoter region mutations in tumor samples of patients with squamous cell carcinoma at different sites of the head and neck region and correlate it with patients' clinicopathologic data.

Study Design: Mutations in promoter region of the TERT gene were analyzed with polymerase chain reaction-based direct sequencing method using formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tumor samples of 189 HNSCCs. TERT promoter region mutations were assessed in terms of age, gender, location, smoking, alcohol consumption, and overall survival.

Blocking VEGF by Bevacizumab Attenuates VEGF-Induced Vasospasm After Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Rabbits.

Objective: Vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) plays a vital role in the development of delayed cerebral ischemia. Anti- vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) antibodies, like bevacizumab (BEV), may attenuate VEGF-stimulated angiogenesis, reduced vascular cell proliferation, and improve vasospasm after SAH.

Methods: Thirty-two adult male New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into 4 groups of 8 rabbits in each group: group 1 (control); group 2 (SAH); group 3 (SAH + vehicle); and group 4 (SAH + BEV).

Evaluation of the Efficacy of the Erector Spinae Plane Block for Postoperative Pain in Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

To compare the efficacy of the erector spinae plane block (ESPB) and conventional analgesia (CA) in pain management after percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL). After obtaining the approval of the institutional ethics committee and patients' written informed consent, 60 cases ages 18 to 65 years, with the status of American Society of Anesthesia I/II and body mass index of 18.5 to 30, were included in the study.

The Effects of Intravitreal Ranibizumab, Aflibercept or Dexamethasone Implant Injections on Intraocular Pressure Changes.

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to compare the alterations in intraocular pressure (IOP) values during the early postoperative period after intravitreal ranibizumab, aflibercept, or dexamethasone implant injections. MATERIAL AND METHODS In this retrospective study, a total of 188 patients were grouped into 3 groups: the ranibizumab group, the aflibercept group, and the dexamethasone group. Ocular axial length (AXL) and anterior chamber depth (ACD) were measured in the pre-injection period.

Comparison of freeze-dried tibialis anterior allograft and four-strand hamstring autograft in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.

Purpose: The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the clinical outcomes of the patients who underwent primary anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction surgery with either hamstring autograft or freeze-dried tibialis anterior allograft, which performed by the same surgeon using the same fixation technique.

Methods: In this retrospective study, patients who had primary ACL reconstruction using either four-strand hamstring autograft (FSH) or freeze-dried irradiated tibialis anterior allograft (FDT) between 2012 and 2015 were evaluated. Patients who were skeletally mature with a minimum follow-up of 24 months and who had no previous surgery from the affected knee were included; patients who had multiple ligament injuries or chondral lesions over Outerbridge grade 2 were excluded from the study.

Predictor Role of Pretreatment Resistive and Pulsatile Indexes in the Success of Medical Expulsive Therapy of Ureteral Stones.

Objective: To investigate the role of renal resistive index (RI) and pulsatile index levels measured with renal Doppler ultrasonography in predicting the success of medical expulsive treatment in patients with ureteral stones.

Materials And Methods: Patients admitted to our clinic between January and December 2017 with a ureteral stone of less than 1 cm in diameter were evaluated in terms of their RI and pulsatile index values obtained using Doppler ultrasonography, and the localization and diameter of their stone and grade of hydronephrosis using computed tomography at the time of admission. After 4 weeks of medical expulsive treatment with tamsulosin, spontaneous stone passage was assessed to investigate the relationship between the data obtained before treatment and the success of medical expulsive treatment.

The effect of thiamine and its metabolites on peripheral neuropathic pain induced by cisplatin in rats.

Thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) is the active metabolite of thiamine. This study aimed to investigate the effects of thiamine and TPP on cisplatin-induced peripheral neuropathic pain (PNP). Male albino Wistar type Rattus norvegicus were divided into six groups (n=6) that received 2 mg/kg cisplatin (CIS), 25 mg/kg thiamine (TM), 2 mg/kg cisplatin+25 mg/kg thiamine (CTM), 25 mg/kg TPP (TPP), 2 mg/kg cisplatin+25 mg/kg TPP (CTPP), or distilled water (healthy group; HG) for 8 days intraperitoneally.

Elevated serum fetuin-A levels are associated with grades of retinopathy in type 2 diabetic patients.

Purpose: Fetuin-A is a physiological inhibitor of insulin receptor tyrosine kinase and thus associated with insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, and an increased risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study aims to investigate the possible relation between the serum fetuin-A levels and the stages of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in patients with T2DM.

Methods: This prospective study included 82 patients with T2DM and 19 age- and gender-matched healthy controls (HCs) (group 1).

Effect of etoricoxib on experimental oxidative testicular ischemia-reperfusion damage in rats induced with torsion-detorsion.

Etoricoxib features antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties concomitantly, suggesting that it may be beneficial in testicular ischemia reperfusion (I/R) damage. Our aim is to investigate the effects of etoricoxib on testicular I/R damage induced with torsion-detorsion (TD). The etoricoxib + torsion-detorsion (ETD) groups of animals were given etoricoxib in 50 and 100 mg/kg of body weight (ETD-50 and ETD-100), while the testes torsion-detorsion (TTD) and sham operation rat group (SOG) animals were given single oral doses of distilled water as a solvent.

Correction manoeuvres in the surgical treatment of spinal deformities.

Correction manoeuvres are as important as the other issues such as hardware selection, graft options, fusion and osteotomy techniques in the surgical treatment of spinal deformities.The property of materials demonstrating both viscous and elastic characteristics when undergoing deformation is called visco-elasticity. Purely elastic materials change in shape with a stress, and go back to their initial form when the stress is removed.

The effect of hippophae rhamnoides extract on oral mucositis induced in rats with methotrexate.

Objective:: To investigate the effect of HRE (Hippophae rhamnoides extract) on oral mucositis induced in rats with MTX.

Material And Methods:: Experimental animals were divided into groups as healthy (HG), HRE+MTX (HMTX), and control group, which received MTX (MTXC). HMTX group received 50 mg/kg HRE while MTXC and HG groups received equivolume distilled water with gavage once a day.

Effect of Kineret® on ovarian ischemia reperfusion injury in a rat model.

Aim: To investigate the effect of Kineret® on ischemia reperfusion (IR) injury in rat ovaries.

Methods: Rats were divided into four groups: ovarian IR (IRG); 50 mg/kg Kineret® + ovarian IR (KIR-50); 100 mg/kg Kineret® + ovarian IR (KIR-100); and sham operation (SOC). KIR-50 (n = 10) and KIR-100 (n = 10) groups received an intraperitoneal injection of Kineret® at doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg, respectively.

Effect of Extract on Oxidative Oropharyngeal Mucosal Damage Induced in Rats Using Methotrexate.

Objectives: The objective of this study is to investigate and evaluate the effect of extract (HRE) on oropharyngeal mucositis induced in rats with methotrexate (MTX) through biochemical, gene expression, and histopathological examinations.

Methods: Experimental animals were divided into a healthy group (HG), a HRE+MTX (HREM) group, HRE group (HREG), and a control group that received MTX (MTXG). The HREM and HREG groups of rats was administered 50 mg/kg HRE, while the MTXG and HG groups were given an equal volume distilled water with gavage.

A giant ancient schwannoma mimicking an adnexal mass: Case report.

Introduction: Ancient schwannoma is a rare tumor of the peripheral nerve sheath. As degenerative properties are defined histologically, it can be wrongly interpreted as malignant.

Case Presentation: The case presented here is of a giant ancient schwannoma with a pelvic retroperitoneal location, which was mimicking an adnexal mass.

Aggressive papillary adenocarcinoma on atypical localization: A unique case report.

Introduction: Aggressive digital papillary adenocarcinoma (ADPA) is a rare sweat gland tumor that is found on the fingers, toes, and the digits. To date, <100 cases have been reported in the literature. Apart from 1 case reported in the thigh, all of them were on digital or nondigital acral skin.

Antibiotics resistance of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia strains isolated from various clinical specimens.

Background: A limited number of antibiotics are recommended for the therapy of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia infections due to therapy difficulties caused by its numerous mechanisms of resistance.

Objectives: In this study conducted over a period of approximately 5 years we aimed to determine resistance rates of S. maltophilia based on drug classification recommended by Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute.