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Biomarker-calibrated protein intake and bone health in the Women's Health Initiative clinical trials and observational study.

Am J Clin Nutr

April 2014

Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY (JMB); the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA (AZL, JCL, YH, MLN, LFT, and RLP); the Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH (RJ); the Department of Epidemiology, University of Iowa College of Public Health, Iowa City, Iowa (LS); the Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN (KCJ); and the Department of Family Medicine and Epidemiology, Memorial Hospital of Rhode Island Center for Primary Care and Prevention, Pawtucket, RI (CBE).

Background: The effects of dietary protein on bone health are controversial.

Objective: We examined the relation between protein intake with fracture and bone mineral density (BMD) within the Women's Health Initiative (WHI).

Design: This prospective analysis included 144,580 women aged 50-79 y at baseline in the WHI clinical trials (CTs) and observational study (OS) that recruited participants in 1993-1998 with follow-up through 2011.

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