Abemaciclib Plus Fulvestrant in Advanced Breast Cancer After Progression on CDK4/6 Inhibition: Results From the Phase III postMONARCH Trial.

Purpose: Cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitors (CDK4/6i) combined with endocrine therapy (ET) are the standard first-line treatment for hormone receptor-positive (HR+), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HER2-) advanced breast cancer (ABC); however, disease progression occurs in almost all patients and additional treatment options are needed. Herein, we report outcomes of the postMONARCH trial investigating a switch in ET with/without CDK4/6 inhibition with abemaciclib after disease progression on CDK4/6i.

Methods: This double-blind, randomized phase III study enrolled patients with disease progression on previous CDK4/6i plus aromatase inhibitor as initial therapy for advanced disease or recurrence on/after adjuvant CDK4/6i + ET.

Comparison of different surgical approaches for ascending aortic surgery with or without aortic valve involvement: Right anterior minithoracotomy versus conventional median sternotomy.

Objectives: Minimally invasive approach to cardiac surgery has been steadily developing and increasingly being performed since the early 1990s. We aimed to present our initial clinical experience and show the feasibility and safety of the right anterior minithoracotomy (RAT) approach for ascending aorta surgery with or without aortic valve involvement.

Methods: This single-center study included 112 patients who underwent ascending aortic replacement with or without aortic valve intervention, between September 2018 and March 2024.

Neoadjuvant Pembrolizumab Plus Chemotherapy in Early-Stage Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: A Nationwide Retrospective Turkish Oncology Group Study.

Following the results of the phase 3 KEYNOTE-522 trial, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved pembrolizumab, a humanized IgG4 kappa monoclonal antibody, in combination with neoadjuvant chemotherapy as a new standard of care for high-risk early-stage triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC).

Clinical and radiological effects of Bevacizumab for the treatment of radionecrosis after stereotactic brain radiotherapy.

Purpose: The purpose of this multicenter retrospective study was to analyze the clinical and radiological effects of bevacizumab (BV) on radionecrosis (RN) that developed after stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT) for brain metastasis.

Methods: Forty patients with SRT related symptomatic brain RN treated in 10 radiation oncology centers were analyzed. The clinical response to BV treatment was categorized as follows: complete (no additional treatment required), partial (requiring either steroids or repeat BV), and unresponsive (requiring surgery).

Impact of patient selection in clinical trials: application of ROCKET AF and ARISTOTLE criteria in GARFIELD-AF.

Background: The extent to which differences in results from Apixaban for Reduction in Stroke and Other Thromboembolic Events in Atrial Fibrillation (ARISTOTLE) and Rivaroxaban Once Daily Oral Direct Factor Xa Inhibition Compared with Vitamin K Antagonism for Prevention of Stroke and Embolism Trial (ROCKET) atrial fibrillation (AF)-the landmark trials for the approval of apixaban and rivaroxaban, respectively, for non-valvular AF-were influenced by differences in their protocols is debated. The potential influence of selection criteria on trial results was assessed by emulating these trials in data from the Global Anticoagulant Registry in the Field (GARFIELD)-AF registry.

Methods: Vitamin K antagonist (VKA) and non-vitamin K oral antagonist (NOAC) users from GARFIELD-AF were selected according to eligibility for the original ARISTOTLE or ROCKET AF trials.

Evaluation of the efficacy and safety of nivolumab in the second- or later-line treatment of patients with locally advanced/metastatic non-small cell lung cancer in Türkiye: a retrospective multicenter non-interventional registry study.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of nivolumab in the second-line (2L) or later-line (LL) treatment of patients with locally advanced/metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in real-life setting in Türkiye.

Methods: This study was designed as a national, multi-center, retrospective study. The study population was evaluated in two groups for the line of nivolumab therapy: those receiving nivolumab in the 2L (Group 2L) and third-line (3L) or LL (Group 3L/LL).

Adnexal masses and pregnancy: a single-center experience of 9 years.

Purpose: This study aims to analyze the experience of a tertiary health center about the management of adnexal masses that have been diagnosed during pregnancy or detected accidentally during cesarean delivery.

Methods: This is a retrospective review of 160 women who underwent concurrent surgery for adnexal mass during cesarean section, 24 women who delivered vaginally and subsequently had surgery due to the prenatal diagnosis of adnexal mass and 10 women who underwent surgery for adnexal mass during pregnancy. Corresponding to the delivery and surgery times, 200 women who had no diagnosis of pregnancy-associated adnexal mass served as controls.

Effects of obsessive beliefs and anxiety on sexual function in HPV-positive men.

Our study aimed to investigate the effects of anxiety and obsessive beliefs on sexual function in men with human papillomavirus (HPV) and healthy men. Ninety HPV-positive men (mean age=32.26 ± 6.

Hypersensitivity Reactions to Taxanes: A Multicenter Study for Outcomes and Safety of Rapid Drug Desensitization.

Purpose: Taxanes can cause hypersensitivity reactions (HSRs), which pose a significant challenge in the treatment of malignancies. Patients who are eligible for rapid drug desensitization (RDD) can continue treatment; however, some patients experience breakthrough reactions (BTRs). Data about risk factors for BTRs during RDDs in patients with HSRs to taxanes are limited.

The efficacy of immunotherapy and chemoimmunotherapy in patients with advanced rare tumors: A Turkish oncology group (TOG) study.

Introduction: The advances in immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) were relatively slow in rare tumors. Therefore, we conducted a multi-center study evaluating the efficacy of ICI monotherapy and the combination of ICIs with chemotherapy (CT) in patients with advanced rare tumors.

Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, we included 93 patients treated with ICIs for NCI-defined rare tumors from the 12 cancer centers in Turkey.

Laparoscopic ventral mesh rectopexy vs. transperineal mesh repair for obstructed defecation syndrome associated with rectocele: comparison of selectively distributed patients.

Purpose: Obstructed defecation syndrome represents 50-60% of patients with symptoms of constipation. We aimed to compare the two frequently performed surgical methods, laparoscopic ventral mesh rectopexy and transperineal mesh repair, for this condition in terms of functional and surgical outcomes.

Methods: This study is a retrospective review of 131 female patients who were diagnosed with obstructed defecation syndrome, attributed to rectocele with or without rectal intussusception, enterocele, hysterocele or cystocele, and who underwent either laparoscopic ventral mesh rectopexy or transperineal mesh repair.

The safety and efficacy of first-line atezolizumab plus bevacizumab in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: A multicenter real-world study from Turkey.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the real-world clinical outcomes of atezolizumab and bevacizumab (Atez/Bev) as the initial therapy for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We retrospectively analyzed 65 patients treated with Atez/Bev for advanced HCC from 22 institutions in Turkey between September 2020 and March 2023. Responses were evaluated by RECIST v1.

The determination of acetabular parameters in a Turkish population sample: CT-based retrospective analysis of side and gender differences.

Determination of the acetabular morphology and orientation is important for the total hip arthroplasty applications. In general, preoperative planning for these patients is done on true hip X-rays in orthopedics clinics. But those evaluations may not represent the acetabular architecture in detail, because of 2 dimensional images.

Re-irradiation with stereotactic radiotherapy for recurrent high-grade glial tumors.

Background: Despite the radical treatments applied, recurrence is encountered in the majority of high-grade gliomas (HGG). There is no standard treatment when recurrence is detected, but stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT) is a preferable alternative. The aim of this retrospective study is to evaluate the efficacy of SRT for recurrent HGG, and to investigate the factors that affect survival.

A retrospective observational examination following the COVID-19 pandemic: Was everything necessary done in the management of hip fractures?

Objective: Hip fragility fracture-related mortality depends on several variables. The management of such cases during the COVID-19 pandemic is an important issue that needs to be evaluated. The aim of this study is to evaluate the management of such cases during the COVID-19 pandemic in a single trauma center in Turkey.

A Retrospective Analysis of 83 Patients with Testicular Mass Who Underwent Testis-Sparing Surgery: The Eurasian Uro-oncology Association Multicenter Study.

Introduction: Herein, we analyzed the histopathological, oncological and functional outcomes of testis-sparing surgery (TSS) in patients with distinct risk for testicular cancer.

Methods: This is a multicenter retrospective study on consecutive patients who underwent TSS. Patients were categorized in high- or low-risk testicular germ cell tumor (TGCT) according to the presence/absence of features compatible with testicular dysgenesis syndrome.

A Patient Who Developed Lagophthalmos Following Rhinoplasty.

Lagophthalmos, impairment of closing upper eyelids, can result from various reasons. However, lagophthalmus after a rhinoplasty is both unusual and frustrating. We report a patient experiencing lagophthalmos following rhinoplasty and its management.

Factors affecting operative morbidity and long-term outcomes in patients undergoing surgery for presacral tumours: a multicentric cohort study from the Turkish Collaborative Group for Quality Improvement in Colorectal and Pelvic Surgery.

Aim: Data regarding the operative management of presacral tumours present various dilemmas due to their rarity and heterogeneous nature. The aim of this study was to evaluate the management strategy, factors associated with operative morbidity and long-term postoperative outcomes in a large group of patients undergoing surgery for presacral tumours.

Method: This study was designed as a multicentre retrospective cohort study.