Mechanical Circulatory support for Septic Shock in Children and Adults: Different but Similar!

Whilst Extra-Corporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) for circulatory support in patients with severe septic shock, commenced in newborn infants and children in the late 1980's, ECMO has remained a controversial treatment for adults with refractory septic shock (RSS). This is fundamentally due to differences in the predominant hemodynamic response to sepsis. In newborn infants and very young children ventricular failure called Low Cardiac Output Syndrome (LCOS) is the major hemodynamic response whilst adolescents and adults have mainly vasoplegic shock.

Media ownership and ideological slant: Evidence from Australian newspaper mergers.

This study examines how media acquisitions by corporate conglomerates influence the political slant of Australian newspapers. Using a comprehensive measure based on the language of over 30 million news articles from more than 200 newspapers, we analyze the impact of three major acquisitions between 2016 and 2019. Employing a synthetic difference-in-differences approach, we find that acquisitions can significantly shift newspapers' political slant, with effects varying by acquiring entity.

A systematic review of peer support interventions to improve psychosocial functioning among cancer survivors: can findings be translated to survivors with a rare cancer living rurally?

Background: This study aimed to (1) summarise research on the impact of peer support interventions aimed at improving psychosocial functioning among cancer survivors, and (2) identify key components for developing a support intervention for patients with a rare cancer living in rural, regional or remote areas.

Methods: A comprehensive search of EMBASE, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Library identified papers that examined peer support interventions: (i) for rare cancer patients, or (ii) for those living in rural, regional or remote locations, or (iii) that provided support online or via telehealth. After screening, data on study characteristics, intervention components and impact on psychosocial functioning were extracted.

Clinical outcomes of cardiogenic shock among critically ill patients admitted to intensive care units in Australia and New Zealand from 2003 to 2022.

Purpose: Patients with Cardiogenic shock (CS) admitted to intensive care units (ICUs) have high mortality rates. We aimed to investigate the changes patient characteristics and outcomes over time among patients admitted to the ICU with CS.

Methods: Retrospective study utilizing a large bi-national ICU database from 2003 to 2022.

Peak Oxygen Consumption Scaled to Body Composition Is Associated With Mortality and Morbidity in People With a Fontan Circulation.

Background: Peak oxygen consumption (peak O) is traditionally scaled by body mass, but it is most appropriately scaled by fat-free mass. However, it is unknown whether peak O scaled by fat-free mass is associated with mortality and morbidity in people with a Fontan circulation. The aim of this study was to assess the associations between different expressions of peak O with mortality and morbidity in people with a Fontan circulation.

Leaky gut in systemic inflammation: exploring the link between gastrointestinal disorders and age-related diseases.

Global average life expectancy has steadily increased over the last several decades and is projected to reach ~ 77 years by 2050. As it stands, the number of people > 60 years currently outnumbers children younger than 5 years, and by 2050, it is anticipated that the global population of people aged > 60 years will double, surpassing 2.1 billion.

Young men's everyday life experiences with contraception and unintended pregnancy in Papua New Guinea.

Unintended adolescent pregnancy is a public health priority in Papua New Guinea (PNG), where national policies specify need for easier access to reliable modern contraceptives. To reduce young people's experiences of unintended pregnancy in PNG, improved understandings of use of modern and other forms of contraception within young people's relationships is required to support the development of new sexual and reproductive health (SRH) programs and policies. The aim of this paper is to understand young men's use of modern and other contraceptives.

Advanced Techniques for High-Performance Fock Matrix Construction on GPU Clusters.

This Article presents two optimized multi-GPU algorithms for Fock matrix construction, building on the work of Ufimtsev and Martinez [ 2009, 5, 1004-1015] and Barca et al. [ 2021, 17, 7486-7503]. The novel algorithms, opt-UM and opt-Brc, introduce significant enhancements, including improved integral screening, exploitation of sparsity and symmetry, a linear scaling exchange matrix assembly algorithm, and extended capabilities for Hartree-Fock caculations up to -type angular momentum functions.

Magnetic resonance imaging-guided single-fraction preoperative radiotherapy for early-stage breast cancer (the RICE trial): feasibility study.

Background: Over the past decade, the adoption of screening programs, digital mammography, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has increased early-stage breast cancer diagnosis rates. Mortality rates have decreased due to early detection and improved treatments, including personalized therapies. Accelerated partial-breast irradiation (APBI) is emerging as a convenient and effective treatment for some patients, with studies exploring its preoperative use.

Acceptability and psychometric properties of four scales assessing the impact of Type 2 diabetes on quality of life-Results of 'YourSAY: Quality of Life'.

Aims: To assess and compare the psychometric properties and acceptability of four diabetes-specific quality of life (QoL) scales among adults with Type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Methods: Adults (≥18 years) with T2D living in the United Kingdom (n = 1465) or Australia (n = 248) completed a cross-sectional, online survey including the following: ADDQoL, DCP, DIDP and Diabetes QoL-Q (presented in randomised order), followed by rating scales to assess clarity, relevance, ease of completion, length and comprehensiveness of each scale. Demographic, clinical and psychosocial characteristics were collected.

Epidemiology and outcome of medical emergency team calls within 48 hours of intensive care unit discharge.

Background: Some patients experience early (within 48 h) clinical deterioration and medical emergency team (MET) review following intensive care unit (ICU) discharge. Few studies have explored early MET review, despite it being a recognised quality and safety indicator.

Aims: To evaluate the (i) proportion of patients discharged from ICU receiving MET review and timing of reviews; (ii) characteristics of patients who received early MET review and (iii) predictors of early MET review and associations with clinical outcomes.

Addressing cancer survivors' information needs and satisfaction: a systematic review of potential intervention components for survivors with a rare cancer type.

Objective: Providing current, evidence-based information to cancer survivors is critical for informed decision making. People diagnosed with a rare cancer report higher unmet information needs compared to common cancer survivors. However, interventions providing informational support for rare cancers are limited.

Harnessing Pharmacogenomics in Clinical Research on Psychedelic-Assisted Therapy.

Psychedelics have recently re-emerged as potential treatments for various psychiatric conditions that impose major public health costs and for which current treatment options have limited efficacy. At the same time, personalized medicine is increasingly being implemented in psychiatry to provide individualized drug dosing recommendations based on genetics. This review brings together these topics to explore the utility of pharmacogenomics (a key component of personalized medicine) in psychedelic-assisted therapies.

Artificial intelligence and psychedelic medicine.

Artificial intelligence (AI) and psychedelic medicines are among the most high-profile evolving disruptive innovations within mental healthcare in recent years. Although AI and psychedelics may not have historically shared any common ground, there exists the potential for these subjects to combine in generating innovative mental health treatment approaches. In order to inform our perspective, we conducted a scoping review of relevant literature up to late August 2024 via PubMed intersecting AI with psychomedical use of psychedelics.

Targeting Divergent Pathways in the Nutritional Management of Depression.

The nutritional management of depression has long been discussed, due to the perceived benefit of a nutritional product having less side effects than pharmaceutical agents. Candidate nutrients for managing depression include vitamin D, B vitamins, tryptophan, branch chain amino acids, probiotics, omega-3 fatty acids, folate/methylfolate (also known as vitamin B9), and s-adenosylmethionine. This paper provides a narrative review of three nutrients which have significant scientific support for the management of depression.

Vaccination Coverage and Predictors of Vaccination among Children Aged 12-23 Months in the Pastoralist Communities of Ethiopia: A Mixed Methods Design.

This study assessed vaccination coverage and its associated factors among children aged 12-23 months in pastoralist Ethiopia. It was conducted in three woredas of the Afar region using a community-based cross-sectional mixed methods design with quantitative and qualitative methods. A total of 413 mothers with children aged 12-23 months participated in the quantitative study via a simple random sampling technique.

Multi-GPU RI-HF Energies and Analytic Gradients─Toward High-Throughput Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics.

This article presents an optimized algorithm and implementation for calculating resolution-of-the-identity Hartree-Fock (RI-HF) energies and analytic gradients using multiple graphics processing units (GPUs). The algorithm is especially designed for high throughput ab initio molecular dynamics simulations of small and medium size molecules (10-100 atoms). Key innovations of this work include the exploitation of multi-GPU parallelism and a workload balancing scheme that efficiently distributes computational tasks among GPUs.

Percentage Predicted Peak Oxygen Consumption in People With Fontan Circulation: A Rapid Systematic Scoping Review and Validation Study.

Background: Peak oxygen consumption (peak ) is routinely measured in people who have congenital heart disease and is reported as a percentage of predicted value, based upon age- and sex-matched normative reference values (NRVs). This study aimed to identify which NRVs are being used, assess whether NRVs are being applied appropriately, and evaluate if recommended NRVs are valid when applied to people with congenital heart disease.

Methods And Results: A systematic scoping review identified studies that reported peak percentage of predicted value in people with congenital heart disease.

Seating accuracy of removable partial denture frameworks fabricated by different digital workflows in comparison to conventional workflow.

Purpose: To evaluate the seating accuracy of removable partial denture (RPD) frameworks fabricated by two digital workflows involving selective laser melting (SLM) in comparison to the conventional workflow.

Materials And Methods: A Kennedy class III modification 1 partially edentulous mandibular arch was used as a master model. Three RPD framework groups were included: (1) a conventional workflow group with conventional impression and casting (CC), (2) a partial digital workflow group with conventional impression and digital fabrication (CD), and (3) a complete digital workflow group with digital impression and digital fabrication (DD).