The Perioperative NonaGEnaRIan And cenTenarian suRgICal (GERIATRIC) Risk Stratification Tool.

Objective: To develop age-appropriate nonaGEnaRIan And cenTenarian suRgICal (GERIATRIC) risk tool for classifying patients who may or may not develop postoperative complications or die within their index hospital admission.

Background: There are no validated perioperative risk stratification tools for use in nonagenarian and centenarian patients-people aged 90 to 99 years and >100 years.

Methods: In this retrospective observational study, nonagenarians and centenarians undergoing any surgical procedure were profiled.

Performance of respiratory gated 4D flow MRI with adaptive k-space reordering in healthy controls and aortic dissection: reproducibility and agreement with 2D phase contrast MRI.

A four-dimensional phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging sequence with respiratory-controlled adaptive k-space reordering (ReCAR-4DPC) offers potential benefits of improved scan efficiency and motion robustness. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reproducibility of flow measurement using this technique and to compare hemodynamic metrics obtained to two-dimensional phase contrast MRI (2DPC)-derived metrics of the thoracic aorta. ReCAR-4DPC was performed with identical scan parameters in 15 healthy volunteers (6M,9F, mean [range] 37 [23-47] years) and 11 patients with thoracic aortic dissection (6M,5F, 56 [31-81] years) and acquisition time was recorded.

Extending the Time Window for Tenecteplase by Effective Reperfusion of Penumbral Tissue in Patients with Large Vessel Occlusion (ETERNAL-LVO): Rationale and design of a multicenter, prospective, randomized, open-label, blinded-endpoint, controlled phase 3 trial.

Rationale: The benefit of tenecteplase in the treatment of large vessel occlusion (LVO) patients presenting within 24 hours of symptom onset remains unclear.

Aim: To assess the effectiveness and safety of tenecteplase, compared to standard of care, in patients presenting within the first 24 hours of symptom onset with a LVO and target mismatch on perfusion CT.

Methods And Design: The "Extending the time window for Tenecteplase by Effective Reperfusion of peNumbrAL tissue in patients with Large Vessel Occlusion" (ETERNAL-LVO) trial is a prospective, randomized, open-label, blinded endpoint, phase 3, parallel-group, superiority trial with covariate-adjusted 1:1 randomization, and adaptive sample size re-estimation.

Serotonergic-dependent effects of exercise and elevated stress hormone on small non-coding RNA transcriptomics and proteomics in a mouse model of affective disorders.

Environmental changes may alter gene expression in depression and anxiety disorders through epigenetic regulation, including via small non-coding RNAs (sncRNAs) and their major subclass, microRNAs (miRNAs). However, underlying mechanisms mediating miRNA regulation in response to changing environmental stimuli are unclear. Using the serotonin transporter (5-HTT) knockout (KO) mouse model of depression/anxiety, this study aimed to compare the effects of voluntary exercise (EX) versus chronic treatment with the stress hormone corticosterone (CT), on hippocampal miRNA transcriptome and proteome in five comparison groups: WT-SH vs.

Improving Indigenous Stroke Outcomes by Shifting Our Focus from Health to Cultural Literacy.

Purpose Of Review: Stroke incidence and outcomes are disproportionately unfavorable among Indigenous populations in Western colonized countries. These inequities are often attributed to poor health literacy. This paper summarizes recent evidence on the topic of Indigenous health literacy, describes current gaps, and proposes priorities for future work/research.

Cerebral Infarct Growth: Pathophysiology, Pragmatic Assessment, and Clinical Implications.

Cerebral ischemic injury occurs when blood flow drops below a critical level, resulting in an energy failure. The progressive transformation of hypoperfused viable tissue, the ischemic penumbra, into infarction is a mechanism shared by patients with ischemic stroke if timely reperfusion is not achieved. Yet, the pace at which this transformation occurs, known as the infarct growth rate (IGR), exhibits remarkable heterogeneity among patients, brain regions, and over time, reflecting differences in compensatory collateral flow and ischemic tolerance.

Natural forgetting reversibly modulates engram expression.

Memories are stored as ensembles of engram neurons and their successful recall involves the reactivation of these cellular networks. However, significant gaps remain in connecting these cell ensembles with the process of forgetting. Here, we utilized a mouse model of object memory and investigated the conditions in which a memory could be preserved, retrieved, or forgotten.

Psilocybin reduces grooming in the SAPAP3 knockout mouse model of compulsive behaviour.

Psilocybin is a serotonergic psychedelic compound which shows promise for treating compulsive behaviours. This is particularly pertinent as compulsive disorders require research into new pharmacological treatment options as the current frontline treatments such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, require chronic administration, have significant side effects, and leave almost half of the clinical population refractory to treatment. In this study, we investigated psilocybin administration in male and female SAPAP3 knockout (KO) mice, a well-validated mouse model of obsessive compulsive and related disorders.

Stroke Is Not an Accident: An Integrative Review on the Use of the Term Cerebrovascular Accident.

Background: Cerebrovascular accident (CVA) is an outdated term for describing stroke as it implies stroke is an accident. We conducted an integrative review to examine the use of CVA in terms of (1) frequency in major medical journals over time; (2) associated publication characteristics (e.g.

Efficacy and Safety of Intravenous Tenecteplase Before Endovascular Thrombectomy for Acute Ischemic Stroke: The Multicenter, Randomized, BRIDGE-TNK Trial Protocol.

Background: Six randomized trials have not detected a difference between intravenous alteplase plus endovascular thrombectomy and endovascular thrombectomy alone in stroke. Tenecteplase, a recombinant human tenecteplase tissue-type plasminogen activator, is a genetically modified variant of alteplase. It is unclear whether the outcomes are different if alteplase is replaced with tenecteplase.

Evaluating the Safety and Efficacy of Telemedicine Physician Assessments on a Mobile Stroke Unit: Protocol for a Prospective Open-Label Blinded End-Point Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Mobile stroke units have been shown to deliver faster patient care and improve clinical outcomes. However, costs associated with staffing limit their use to densely populated cities. Using the Melbourne mobile stroke unit, we aim to evaluate the safety, timeliness, and resource efficiency of a telemedicine model, where the neurologist assesses a patient remotely, via telemedicine, compared with an onboard neurologist model.

Atherosclerosis in patients with cervical artery dissection.

Introduction: Cervical artery dissection (CeAD) is considered a non-atherosclerotic arteriopathy, but atherosclerosis of the cervical arteries may co-exist. We explored the frequency and clinical importance of co-existent atherosclerosis in patients with CeAD.

Patients And Methods: Single-center exploratory study from the Stroke Center Basel, Switzerland.

The effect of assessor expertise on reliability of analysis of video signs associated with concussion in Australian football.

Objectives: To determine whether spotters with medical training and experience in managing concussion have higher inter-rater reliability and accuracy than non-medical personnel when identifying video signs associated with concussion in Australian football.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Methods: Video clips were collected of all impacts potentially resulting in concussion during 2012 and 2013 Australian Football League (AFL) seasons.