An Emerging Nosocomial Uropathogen in an Indwelling Urinary Catheterised Patient.

is an ubiquitous organism but is seldom associated with human disease. We report the isolation of from the urine sample of a 39-year-old male patient on prolonged Foley's catheterisation following a severe head injury. Identification of this organism was done by Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF) based systems.

Morphometric evaluation of human tendocalcaneus: a cadaveric study of south indian male population.

Introduction: Tendocalcaneus or Achilles tendon is formed by the fusion of the tendons of gastrocnemius and soleus muscles. Normal morphometric measurements of tendo-calcaneus serves an important landmark in its anthropometric evaluation and biomechanical characteristics. Hence the objective of this study was to provide detailed morphometric profile of tendocalcaneus in south indian cadaveric male population.

Surgical and radiological importance of a rare cysto-duodeno-colic peritoneal fold.

It is quite common to see abnormal peritoneal folds in the abdominal cavity. Some of them might compress or strangulate the viscera and others might determine the direction of the flow of peritoneal fluid, pus or blood. Many unusual clinically important peritoneal folds such as Ladd's band, cysto-gastro-colic fold, omento-cystic fold, and cysto-colic fold have been reported earlier.

Functional and clinical importance of a large sized ostium secundum defect in a middle aged female cadaver: a case report.

Atrial septal defect (ASD) is one of the common congenital anomalies of the heart in humans. Its complications depend on the size of the defect and can manifest at any age. The common symptoms of ASD include dyspnea and fatigue.

Descendens vagohypoglossi: rare variant of the superior root of ansa cervicalis.

Knowledge of variants in the formation and position of the ansa cervicalis is important in head and neck surgery, specifically in reconstructions of the tongue that use the infrahyoid muscles, and in the anastomosis of the ansa cervicalis to the recurrent laryngeal nerve when the laryngeal muscles have been paralysed. We describe a rare variant of the superior root of the ansa cervicalis, which had a contribution from the vagus and hypoglossal nerves. The inferior root was formed by the C2 and C3 ventral rami, but it passed medial to the internal jugular vein before it joined the superior root to form the loop.

Accessory Grooves on the Diaphragmatic Surface of the Liver: A Cadaveric Study.

Introduction: Usually liver does not possess any grooves on its diaphragmatic surface, but there are reports on the presence of grooves on this surface.

Aim: The present study was conducted to study the gross features of diaphragmatic surface of the liver and document the presence of any grooves on it and also to correlate our study with the previous studies.

Materials And Methods: Ninety seven formalin embalmed livers stored in 10% formaldehyde were observed for the presence of grooves on diaphragmatic surface.

A Detailed Study of Multiple Vascular Variations in the Upper Part of Abdomen.

Introduction: Knowledge of vascular variations near the kidney is of importance to many clinical disciplines such as nephrologists, radiologists, gastroenterologists, and general surgeons. Variant branches of the abdominal aorta and renal arteries are the victims of iatrogenic bleeding during surgery. We found multiple vascular variations in the upper part of the abdomen during our dissection classes.

A Unique Variation of Azygos System of Veins.

Knowledge of variations of azygos and hemiazygos veins is of importance to cardiothoracic surgeons and radiologists during various surgical, radiological, and echography techniques. We report some unique variations of azygos system of veins observed during dissection classes for undergraduate medical students. The azygos vein was formed as usual by the union of right subcostal and ascending lumbar veins.

The Impact of Eating and Exercise Frequency on Weight Gain - A Cross-Sectional Study on Medical Undergraduate Students.

Introduction: Diverse factors influence an individual's ability to successfully achieve and maintain energy balance consistent with a healthy body weight. Eating frequency is one among the varied feature that thought to have a direct impact on the body weight gain.

Aim: The present cross-sectional study has been carried out with the intention of awareness of food habit that specifically emphasize the frequency of eating and its effect on weight gain of an individual.

A strange case of superior mesenteric venous collar around the superior mesenteric artery.

During our dissection classes, we saw a venous collar formed around the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) by the jejunal tributaries of superior mesenteric vein in an adult male cadaver. The jejunal tributaries united themselves to form two common jejunal veins. Upper common jejunal vein crossed superficial to SMA and opened into the SMV in front of the uncinate process of pancreas.

Student Project in Anatomy (SPA) - Making the First Year Medical Students Responsible and Creative.

Introduction: Creativity is a combination of ones' capacity to think outside the box, the gained knowledge and the passion for creating something. It very easily and effectively provides the creator a chance to be responsible for his/her creation and acts as a confidence booster for him/her. Creativity is inherent, but needs to be polished and nurtured.

A rare case of persistent jugulocephalic vein and its clinical implication.

Persistence of jugulocephalic vein is one of the extremely rare variations of the cephalic vein. Knowledge of such a variation is of utmost importance to orthopedic surgeons while treating the fractures of the clavicle, head and neck surgeons, during surgery of the lower part of neck, for cardiothoracic surgeons and radiologists during catheterization and cardiac device placement. We report the persistent jugulocephalic vein in an adult male cadaver, observed during the routine dissection classes.

Comparative Assessment of the Effects of Hatha Yoga and Physical Exercise on Biochemical Functions in Perimenopausal Women.

Introduction: Menopause is a transitional phase in which some women experience discomfort, while others may exhibit variety of symptoms. The power of yoga therapy in relieving stress, enhancing health, improving fitness and managing symptoms of a variety of disorders is remarkable.

Aim: The current study was designed to study the effect of Hatha yoga therapy and regular physical exercise on the Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS), Glycated Haemoglobin (GHB), Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH), serum cortisol and total plasma thiol levels in perimenopausal women.

A South Indian Cadaveric Study About the Relationship of Hepatic Segment of Inferior Vena Cava with the Liver.

Introduction: Inferior Vena Cava (IVC) is the largest vein of the body. It runs vertically upwards in the abdomen, behind the liver. Its course is very constant in relation to liver.

Superficial Ulnar Artery Associated with Anomalous Origin of the Common Interosseous and Ulnar Recurrent Arteries.

Occurrence of vascular variations in the upper limb is not uncommon and is well described in the medical literature. However, occurrence of superficial ulnar artery associated with unusual origin of the common interosseous and ulnar recurrent arteries is seldom reported in the literature. In the present case, we report the anomalous origin of common trunk of common interosseous, anterior and posterior ulnar recurrent arteries from the radial artery, in a male cadaver.

Oblique Retro-Aortic Left Renal Vein and its Clinical Importance.

Kidneys are the organs that remove the waste products of the metabolic activities. A smooth blood flow to the kidneys is essential to maintain their function. Abnormalities of the renal vasculature may result not only in impairing the renal function but can lead to conditions like varicocele.

High incidence of persistence of sacral and coccygeal intervertebral discs in South Indians - a cadaveric study.

The sacrum, by virtue of its anatomic location plays a key role in providing stability and strength to the pelvis. Presence of intervertebral discs in sacrum and coccyx is rare. Knowledge of its variations is of utmost importance to surgeons and radiologists.

Anthropometric Analysis of the South Indian Woman's Nose.

The normal values of nasal dimensions and position have been established for various racial and ethnic groups. Unfortunately, there is a dearth of information related to these values in South Indian females, leading to surgeons being forced to use statistical data from Caucasians in their decision making. The objective of the present study was to compare statistically the nasal anthropometric measurement of South Indian women (SIW) with published norms for North American white women (NAWW) using independent t-test.

Unusual and Unique Variant Branches of Lateral Cord of Brachial Plexus and its Clinical Implications- A Cadaveric Study.

Introduction: Adequate knowledge on variant morphology of brachial plexus and its branches are important in clinical applications pertaining to trauma and surgical procedures of the upper extremity.

Aim: Current study was aimed to report variations of the branches of the lateral cord of brachial plexus in the axilla and their possible clinical complications.

Materials And Methods: Total number of 82 upper limbs from 41 formalin embalmed cadavers was dissected.

"Question of the Day": Impact on learning and retention.

Background Studying regularly has been a known method for better memory and long term retention of a subject. Getting students to study on a regular basis has been tried in many ways and its impact is increased if they understand the importance and value the efficiency of it. Objectives With large number of students, it would be a time consuming process to follow one on one interactions or study sessions.

A South Indian cadaveric study on obturator neurovascular bundle with a special emphasis on high prevalence of 'venous corona mortis'.

Surgical procedures in the pelvic region are very challenging because of the complex anatomy of this region. "Corona mortis" is a term used to describe retro-pubic anastomosis between the obturator and external iliac vessels. It is considered as a key structure as significant haemorrhage may occur if the vessels are cut accidentally during pelvic surgeries.

An Unusual Course and Termination of Small Saphenous Vein: A Case Report.

The superficial veins of the lower limb can vary in their course and termination. We report a relatively rare type of variation in the course and termination of small saphenous vein. The small saphenous vein had normal origin and course in the leg.

Bifurcated Bicipital Aponeurosis Giving Origin to Flexor and Extensor Muscles of the Forearm - A Case Report.

Bicipital aponeurosis is usually attached to the antebrachial fascia on the medial side of forearm and to posterior border of ulna assisting in the supination of the forearm along with biceps brachii muscle. Variations in the bicipital aponeurosis may lead to neurovascular compression as reported earlier. In the present case, the bicipital aponeurosis had two slips i.

Is There a Correlation between Languages Spoken and Intricate Movements of Tongue? A Comparative Study of Various Movements of Tongue among the Three Ethnic Races of Malaysia.

Introduction: Tongue is mainly used for taste, chewing and in speech. In the present study, we focused on the secondary function of the tongue as to how it is used in phonetic pronunciation and linguistics and how these factors affect tongue movements.

Objective: To compare all possible movements of tongue among Malaysians belonging to three ethnic races and to find out if there is any link between languages spoken and ability to perform various tongue movements.