The entity of thermal-crush-avulsion hand injury (hot-press roller burns) treated with fast acting debriding enzymes (nexobrid): literature review and report of first case.

Hand burns are present in >60% of all burn cases and in fire mass casualty incidents even up to 100%. Most trauma and especially burns may be detrimental to the complex and delicate structures of the hand by direct injury, indirect BICS (Burn Induced Compartment Syndrome and interstitial high pressure) or by delayed or faulty treatment. BICS represents a special threat as the increasing swelling and oedema of the small diameter hand and forearm will exert pressure on the capillary/venous system, eventually ending in irreversible damage to the skin, nerves, muscle and vascular bed.

Intra-articular injections of hyaluronic acid in osteoarthritis of the subtalar joint: a pilot study.

We evaluated the efficacy of intra-articular viscosupplementation with sodium hyaluronate in the management of osteoarthritis of the subtalar joint. A total of 22 patients, aged 22 to 72 years (mean 53), with symptomatic subtalar joint osteoarthritis of 1 to 20 years' duration (mean 4.2) and a severity of Kellgren-Lawrence grade II to IV and Paley and Hall grade 1 to 3, were entered into the present study.

Platelet-rich plasma or hyaluronate in the management of osteochondral lesions of the talus.

Background: Nonoperative options for osteochondral lesions (OCLs) of the talar dome are limited, and currently, there is a lack of scientific evidence to guide management.

Purpose: To evaluate the short-term efficacy and safety of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) compared with hyaluronic acid (HA) in reducing pain and disability caused by OCLs of the ankle.

Study Design: Randomized controlled trial; Level of evidence, 2.

The role of platelet-rich plasma in rotator cuff repair.

The shoulder is a common source of disability resulting from traumatic and degenerate tears of the rotator cuff, subacromial impingement, and osteoarthritis. Nonoperative management has focused on treatment of the predisposing factors, the use of analgesics and anti-inflammatory medication usually in association with local anesthetic and steroid injections. Surgical intervention allows debridement of the degenerate cuff and partial thickness cuff tears, subacromial bursitis, impinging bone spurs and osteophytes together with rotator cuff repairs.

Autologous platelet-rich plasma: a revolution in soft tissue sports injury management?

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) therapy is an emerging technology that aims to improve the process of tissue repair through local delivery of autologous bioactive agents to influence critical physiological mechanisms such as inflammation, angiogenesis, or extracellular matrix synthesis. These biological properties have prompted the therapeutic administration of PRP in orthopedics and sports medicine. Given its biocompatibility and healing properties, percutaneous injections of PRP are used in athletes to treat tendon and muscle injuries.

Treatment of osteoarthritis of the ankle by intra-articular injections of hyaluronic acid: a prospective study.

Background: Treatment of osteoarthritis of the ankle is similar to that of any other large joint and includes conservative and surgical options. Surgical treatment in severe cases is fusion or joint replacement, whereas conservative treatment is limited and includes mainly ankle supports and physiotherapy. Hyaluronic acid was discovered by Meyer and Palmer in 1934 and has recently been widely used in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis.

A dynamic ultrasound examination for the diagnosis of ankle syndesmotic injury in professional athletes: a preliminary study.

Background: Syndesmotic ankle injuries are not easy to recognize when an associated fracture or frank diastasis is not present. There is a need for a simple, fast, inexpensive, and easily reproducible diagnostic tool to assess the integrity of the distal tibiofibular synedesmosis.

Hypothesis: Dynamic ultrasound (US) examination can accurately diagnose anteroinferior tibiofibular ligament (AITFL) rupture.

Treatment of osteochondritis dissecans of the ankle with hyaluronic acid injections: a prospective study.

Background: No studies have evaluated the efficacy of hyaluronic acid (HA) in reducing pain caused by osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) of the ankle. We report our initial results with this treatment.

Materials And Methods: Fifteen subjects aged 18 to 60 treated for OCD of the talus were followed for 26 weeks, in a pre- and post-treatment repeated measurements design, after receiving three weekly injections of intra-articular HA.

Subtalar kinematics following resection of tarsal coalition.

Background: Pain relief and functional improvement in the short term have been demonstrated in the majority of patients with tarsal coalition following resection. Recreation of normal subtalar kinematics is an important goal in these patients as well, and may have long term implications. The purpose of our study was to examine whether kinematic variables of foot motion are normalized following resection of tarsal coalition.

Avulsion of the distal biceps brachii tendon in middle-aged population: is surgical repair advisable? A comparative study of 22 patients treated with either nonoperative management or early anatomical repair.

Introduction: Operative anatomical repair following complete avulsion of the distal biceps brachii tendon in athletic population is usually recommended. However, there is no clear consensus as to the advisability of the operation in middle-aged population. We therefore undertook a study to examine whether early anatomical repair in this specific population is preferable to nonoperative management.

Prevention of avascular necrosis in displaced talar neck fractures by hyperbaric oxygenation therapy: a dual case report.

Talar neck fractures are a rare injury that account for less then 2% of all foot fractures. Displaced fractures are associated with an exceedingly high rate of avascular necrosis (AVN). The incidence of AVN following Hawkins Type 3 fractures of the talar neck may approach 100%, particularly if diagnosis and reduction are delayed.

The role of foot pronation in the development of femoral and tibial stress fractures: a prospective biomechanical study.

Objective: To examine whether dynamic parameters of foot pronation are risk factors for the development of stress fractures of the femur and tibia.

Design: Observational prospective study.

Setting: Infantry basic training course.

Septic arthritis with Staphylococcus lugdunensis following arthroscopic ACL revision with BPTB allograft.

Septic arthritis following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction is an uncommon but a serious complication resulting in six times greater hospital costs than that of uncomplicated ACL surgery and an inferior postoperative activity level. Promptly initiating a specific antibiotic therapy is the most critical treatment, followed by open or arthroscopic joint decompression, debridement and lavage. Staphylococcus lugdunensis is a coagulase-negative staphylococcus predominantly infecting the skin and soft tissue.

The medial longitudinal arch as a possible risk factor for ankle sprains: a prospective study in 83 female infantry recruits.

Background: Ankle sprains are frequent, especially in athletes, soldiers, or others who perform high levels of physical activity. Although prevention is a primary goal, little is known about the risk factors. We evaluated the association of the structure of the medial arch of the foot to the occurrence of acute and recurrent ankle sprains in 83 female infantry recruits.