Long-term multidisciplinary treatment including proton therapy for a recurrent low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma and pathologically prominent epithelial differentiation: an autopsy case report.

Background: Long-term follow-up reports of low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma (LGESS) including its clinical course and pathological data are rare. We previously reported the case of a Japanese woman diagnosed with LGESS, who was treated with multidisciplinary therapy. She had been suffering from uterine cervical tumor diagnosed as cervical polyps, or fibroid in statu nascendi, since 24 years old.

Increase in dural ectasia size in scoliosis patients with Marfan syndrome.

Increased dural ectasia and vertebral thinning in the lumbosacral spine are common in Marfan syndrome. Dural ectasia is unchanged in middle-aged patients, who have stopped growing. Therefore, evaluation from childhood to adulthood is mandatory.

Nonanesthetized Alternatively Repetitive Cast and Brace Treatment for Early-onset Scoliosis.

Background: Use of cast is a standard treatment (Tx) choice for early-onset scoliosis. Recently, toxicity from repetitive use of general anesthesia has received attention by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). We introduce a nonanesthetized cast Tx protocol called alternatively-repetitive-cast-and-brace (ARCB) that we have used since 1995 and have conducted an extensive follow-up on these patients to verify the efficacy of this protocol.

Comparison of Pulmonary Function After Selective Anterior Versus Posterior Fusion for the Correction of Thoracolumbar and Lumbar Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis.

Study Design: Retrospective multicenter study.

Objectives: To compare the selective anterior spinal fusion (ASF) versus posterior spinal fusion (PSF) on postoperative pulmonary function testing (PFT) whether thoracotomy with separation of the diaphragm by anterior approach influences the PFT in thoracolumbar and lumbar adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS).

Methods: A multicenter series of AIS patients who underwent selective spinal fusion were retrospectively reviewed.

Awake serial body casting for the management of infantile idiopathic scoliosis: is general anesthesia necessary?

Study Design: It is a retrospective cohort study.

Objectives: To compare the radiographic and clinical outcomes of serial body casting for infantile idiopathic scoliosis (IIS) with versus without the use of general anesthesia (GA). Serial body casting for IIS has traditionally been performed under GA.

Comparison of Early Definitive Fusion and Traditional Growing Rods in Early-onset Dystrophic Scoliosis in Neurofibromatosis Type 1: A Preliminary Report.

Background: Early definitive spinal fusion (EF) has been widely recommended to avoid spinal deformity progression for early-onset scoliosis (EOS) with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF-1). In contrast, growing rod (GR) procedure has recently been recommended for EOS associated with the dystrophic type NF-1. However, no studies have compared the surgical outcomes between EF and GR procedure for EOS with NF-1.

Recapitulating the human segmentation clock with pluripotent stem cells.

Pluripotent stem cells are increasingly used to model different aspects of embryogenesis and organ formation. Despite recent advances in in vitro induction of major mesodermal lineages and cell types, experimental model systems that can recapitulate more complex features of human mesoderm development and patterning are largely missing. Here we used induced pluripotent stem cells for the stepwise in vitro induction of presomitic mesoderm and its derivatives to model distinct aspects of human somitogenesis.

Accuracy of rib cage parameters from 3-Dimensional reconstruction images obtained using simultaneous biplanar radiographic scanning technique in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: Comparison with conventional computed tomography.

Simultaneous biplanar radiographic scanning technique (EOS) (EOS Imaging, Paris, France) variability has previously been evaluated for spinal parameters, however limited EOS data exist regarding accuracy of 3-dimensional (3D) rib cage reconstruction. The purpose of this study was to compare the evaluation of ribcage parameter between EOS 3D images and 3D computed tomography (CT) images from adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) patients, and validate the accuracy of EOS 3D ribcage reconstruction images. In total, 31 AIS patients (27 females, 4 males; mean age 14.

Long-term Surgical Outcomes After Early Definitive Spinal Fusion for Early-onset Scoliosis With Neurofibromatosis Type 1 at Mean Follow-up of 14 Years.

Background: Several authors mentioned surgical outcome for scoliosis associated with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF-1). However, no studies have summarized long-term surgical outcomes after surgical treatment of early-onset scoliosis (EOS) with NF-1. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the long-term surgical outcome after early definitive spinal fusion for EOS in NF-1 patients.

Excessive correction impacts postoperative shoulder imbalance in lenke type 5C adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.

Background: Postoperative shoulder imbalance (PSI) has a negative impact on the surgical outcomes of patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. This study aimed to evaluate the risk factors of PSI in patients with Lenke type 5C curves.

Methods: This study included 100 patients who underwent posterior correction surgery using pedicle screw constructs for Lenke type 5C curves.

Rapid increase of platelet counts during antiviral therapy in patients with hepatitis C virus infection.

Aim: The cause of thrombocytopenia in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is multifactorial: hypersplenism, decreased thrombopoietin levels, and myelosuppression induced by HCV. Platelet counts increase after eradication of HCV; however, this mechanism is not fully understood. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the influence of these three factors on platelet counts.

Three-dimensional depth sensor imaging to identify adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a prospective multicenter cohort study.

Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis is the most ordinary pediatric spinal disease that causes a three-dimensional deformity. Early detection of this potentially progressive deformity is considered crucial. The purpose of the present study was to report the potential for accurately diagnosis of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis using a newly developed, automated, noninvasive asymmetry-recognition system for the surface of the human back using a three-dimensional depth sensor.

The Prevalence of Mixed Hepatitis C Virus Genotype Infection and Its Effect on the Response to Direct-Acting Antivirals Therapy.

Background: The incidence of mixed hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype infection is variable, and a few reports exist regarding the efficacy of direct-acting antivirals (DAA) therapy for mixed genotype. We aimed to investigate the prevalence of mixed genotype and its impact on the virologic response to DAA therapy.

Methods: A total of 365 patients with chronic HCV infection who completed antiviral therapy were recruited.

Bi-allelic loss of function variants of causes a spectrum of malformation of spine and rib including congenital scoliosis and spondylocostal dysostosis.

Background: Congenital scoliosis (CS) is a common vertebral malformation. Spondylocostal dysostosis (SCD) is a rare skeletal dysplasia characterised by multiple vertebral malformations and rib anomalies. In a previous study, a compound heterozygosity for a null mutation and a risk haplotype composed by three single-nucleotide polymorphisms in have been reported as a disease-causing model of CS.

Sagittal Alignment Profile Following Selective Thoracolumbar/Lumbar Fusion in Patients With Lenke Type 5C Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis.

Study Design: A retrospective case series.

Objective: This study aimed to report the sagittal outcome measures in patients with Lenke type 5C adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) undergoing thoracolumbar/lumbar (TL/L) fusion surgery.

Summary Of Background Data: Previous studies have demonstrated coronal correction of Lenke type 5C AIS by selective TL/L fusion surgery.

[Sternal Nonunion after Open Heart Surgery through a Partial Sternotomy;Report of a Case].

Sternal nonunion is an uncommon complication after a sternal wound and some cases have been reported as a complication of open heart surgery. A 28-year-old male suffered from persistent sternal pain. Six years ago, open heart surgery was performed through a partial sternotomy with transverse sternotomy.

Screening of known disease genes in congenital scoliosis.

Background: Congenital scoliosis (CS) is defined as a lateral curvature of the spine due to the vertebral malformations and has an incidence of 0.5-1/1,000 births. We previously examined TBX6 in Japanese CS patients and revealed that approximately 10% of CS was caused by TBX6 mutations.

[Thoracic Aortic Injury after Spinal Fusion;Report of a Case].

A 32-year-old female visited our hospital with back pain. She had undergone spinal fusion for scoliosis at another hospital. She visited our hospital because she was informed that the metal rod had broken.

Clinical Impact of Corrective Cast Treatment for Early Onset Scoliosis: Is It a Worthwhile Treatment Option to Suppress Scoliosis Progression Before Surgical Intervention?

Background: Although corrective cast (CC) has been back in use for the treatment of early onset scoliosis (EOS), no studies have reported how clinically meaningful CC was in comparison with brace-only treatment (BT) in EOS. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of CC treatment in terms of suppression of scoliosis progression before surgery.

Methods: This study was designed to conduct a comparison of patients treated at 2 spine institutions differing in treating methods (one: mainly CC with brace, the other: BT).

Modic changes and disc degeneration in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients who reach middle age without surgery: Can residual deformity cause lumbar spine degeneration?

Background: We have yet to determine what types of lumbar degenerative changes can be observed on MRI in middle-aged adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) patients without undergoing surgery. The aims of this study were to investigate AIS patients who have reached middle age without undergoing surgery and to clarify if residual spinal deformities may have affected health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and lumbar spine degeneration.

Methods: Subjects comprised AIS patients who reached middle age without surgery and who underwent whole-spine X-rays, lumbar MRI, and SRS-22 surveys.

Late relapse of hepatitis C virus in patients with sustained virological response after daclatasvir and asunaprevir therapy.

The optimal term of follow-up for patients who achieve sustained virological responses (SVR) is an important topic because of the widespread use of direct-acting antivirals (DAA), which achieve a high SVR rate. Investigations of long-term follow-up among patients with SVR after interferon (IFN) therapy have reported that approximately 80%-100% of patients maintained SVR. However, the long-term durability of SVR to DAA treatment is unknown.

[Primary Malignant Pericardial Mesothelioma;Report of a Case].

A 69-year-old male was referred to our hospital after being diagnosed as having pericarditis with pericardial effusion. The symptoms of tamponade disappeared after the effusion was drained;although the cause of pericarditis remained unidentified. About 4 months later, the tamponade symptoms recurred due to the thickened nodular pericardium.