Prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and its association with age in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a risk factor for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).

Aim: To determine the prevalence and clinical correlates of NAFLD in a large cohort of patients with T2DM.

Methods: Four hundred thirty-seven participants with T2DM who consulted at Meijo Hospital from April 2019 to September 2020 and underwent computed tomography (CT) were assessed.

Usefulness of a Curved Multiple Reconstruction Image for Transarterial Intravenous Coil Embolization of a Dural Arteriovenous Fistula of the Sphenobasal Vein: A Case Report.

Hemorrhagic isolated dural arteriovenous fistulas (DAVFs) are often challenging to treat. Here, we report a case of the lateral cavernous sinus (CS) DAVF successfully treated by transarterial intravenous coil embolization using a curved multiplanar reconstruction (MPR) image assistance. A 54-year-old man presented with a severe headache and was diagnosed with subarachnoid hemorrhage caused by CSDAVF.

Implant-Related Complications after Spinal Fusion: A Multicenter Study.

Study Design: Retrospective analysis of prospectively database.

Objective: Implant-related complications are an extremely important issue because they pose a burden to patients who underwent surgery. An understanding of these complications can help improve the postoperative management of patients undergoing spinal surgery.

Trends in the numbers of spine surgeries and spine surgeons over the past 15 years.

The purpose of this study is to examine trends in spine surgeries at ten facilities over 15 years, and to analyze relationships with the number of spine surgeons at these facilities. The subjects were patients who underwent spine surgery at the ten facilities from 2003 to 2017. Data were collected every year via a questionnaire designed to obtain clinicopathological and surgical information.

Factors affecting postoperative pulmonary function deterioration in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: A prospective study using 3-dimensional image reconstruction by biplanar stereoradiography.

This study aimed both to evaluate rib cage parameters in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) by three-dimensional (3D) image reconstruction using biplanar stereoradiography (EOS) (EOS Imaging, Paris, France) and identify factors associated with postoperative pulmonary function deterioration (PFD). A total of 67 patients with Lenke type 1 or 2 AIS (59 females and 8 males; mean age, 14.4 years) undergoing posterior corrective fusion with a rod rotation maneuver based on segmental pedicle screw fixation were recruited.

The treatment choices and outcome of hepatocellular carcinoma in hemophilic patients with human immunodeficiency virus/hepatitis C virus (HIV/HCV) coinfection due to contaminated blood products in Japan.

Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) coinfection through unheated blood product for hemophilia caused in early 1980s has been significantly serious problem in Japan. After the development of HIV treatment in 1990s, HCV-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has been one of the most significant problem in these population. Treatment choices for HCC might be limited in hemophilia patients because of their bleeding tendency.

Development of an intervention system for linkage-to-care and follow-up for hepatitis B and C virus carriers.

Background: Poor connections in the cascade of viral hepatitis care have been discussed around the world. In 2011 in Japan, 500,000 to 1.25 million hepatitis B and C virus carriers needed to consult with hepatologists, so linkage-to-care (LTC) needs to be promoted.

Somatic Mosaicism in Biology and Disease.

Contrary to earlier beliefs, every cell in the individual is genetically different due to somatic mutations. Consequently, tissues become a mixture of cells with distinct genomes, a phenomenon termed somatic mosaicism. Recent advances in genome sequencing technology have unveiled possible causes of mutations and how they shape the unique mutational landscape of the tissues.

Cervical Spinal Cord Compression in Adult Scoliosis.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Objectives: The aim was to examine cervical spinal cord compression (SCC) in adult scoliosis and clarify the prevalence of and risk factors for cervical SCC.

Methods: This study included 270 adult scoliosis patients and 1211 healthy volunteers.

Does pulmonary function improve after surgical correction of adult idiopathic scoliosis?

Purpose: The aim was to investigate pulmonary function after surgical correction of adult idiopathic scoliosis.

Methods: This study included 146 adult scoliosis patients aged 20-50 years (main curve in thoracic spine). Respiratory function was assessed as predicted forced vital capacity (%FVC) and the ratio of forced expiratory volume in 1 s / FVC (%FEV) preoperatively and 2 years postoperatively and classified as a normal function (≥ 80%), mild impairment (≥ 65% and < 80%), and moderate impairment (< 65%).

Polygenic Risk Score of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis for Potential Clinical Use.

Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a common disease causing three-dimensional spinal deformity in as many as 3% of adolescents. Development of a method that can accurately predict the onset and progression of AIS is an immediate need for clinical practice. Because the heritability of AIS is estimated as high as 87.

Surgical Predictors for Prevention of Postoperative Shoulder Imbalance in Lenke Type 2A Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis.

Study Design: Multicenter, retrospective cohort study.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence and surgical predictors of postoperative shoulder imbalance (PSI) in Lenke type 2A adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS).

Summary Of Background Data: Although several studies have investigated the factors influencing PSI in Lenke type 2 curves, no studies have analyzed PSI-related factors considering upper instrumented vertebra (UIV) and lumbar modifier type simultaneously.

Three-dimensional reconstruction image by biplanar stereoradiography reflects pulmonary functional states inadolescent idiopathic scoliosis.

This study investigated whether the rib cage parameters estimated based on reconstructed three-dimensional (3D) images with biplanar stereoradiography reflect pulmonary functional states in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) patients. A total of 67 Lenke type 1 or 2 AIS patients (59 females and 8 males, mean age 14.4 years) were enrolled.

The case of a liver-transplant recipient with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection who had a favorable outcome.

The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), was identified in 2019; thereafter, the COVID-19 outbreak became a health emergency of international concern. The impact of COVID-19 on liver-transplant recipients is unclear. Thus, it is currently unknown whether liver-transplant recipients are at a higher risk of developing complications related to COVID-19.

Surgical Site Infection Following Primary Definitive Fusion for Pediatric Spinal Deformity: A Multicenter Study of Rates, Risk Factors, and Pathogens.

Study Design: A retrospective multicenter study.

Objective: To determine the surgical site infection (SSI) rate, associated risk factors, and causative pathogens in pediatric patients with spinal deformity.

Summary Of Background Data: There have been no extensive investigations of the risk factors for SSI in Japan.

Residual lumbar curvature that developed during adolescence accelerates intervertebral disc degeneration in adulthood.

Purpose: To elucidate the influence of spinal deformity in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) on lumbar intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration in adulthood using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Methods: A total of 102 patients (8 men, 94 women; mean age, 31.4 years) who had developed idiopathic scoliosis at the age of 10-18 years and underwent preoperative lumbar spine MRI at the age of ≥ 20 were included in the study.

Clinical and health-related quality-of-life outcomes after early and late spinal fusion in pediatric patients with congenital scoliosis at 10-year follow-up.

Study Design: A retrospective comparative study.

Objective: This study compares the effect of age at the time of surgery on clinical and health-related quality-of-life (HRQoL) outcomes at 10-year follow-up in pediatric patients with congenital scoliosis (CS). Several studies have evaluated the outcomes of surgical treatments of CS during the growth period; however, age at surgery and its long-term effects have been assessed in only a few case reports.

Incidence and Risk Factors for Unplanned Return to the Operating Room Following Primary Definitive Fusion for Pediatric Spinal Deformity: A Multicenter Study with Minimum 2-year Follow-Up.

Study Design: A retrospective multicenter cohort study.

Objective: The aim of this study was to identify the incidence and risk factors for UPROR within minimum 2-year follow-up in primary definitive fusion for pediatric spinal deformity.

Summary Of Background Data: Several previous reports have elucidated the incidence of complications after pediatric scoliosis surgery; however, there has been no study that described the incidence and risk factors for unplanned return to the operating room (UPROR) with long-term follow-up in surgery for pediatric scoliosis with every etiology.

Clinical outcomes following percutaneous coronary intervention for bifurcation lesions: kissing balloon inflation vs. sequential dilation.

Percutaneous coronary intervention for bifurcation lesions remains challenging, with there being several debatable issues, including the requirement for kissing balloon inflation (KBI). The objective of this study was to assess the clinical outcomes following single crossover stent implantation with KBI or sequential dilation alone. Data were examined for 255 non-left main bifurcation lesions (246 patients) treated with single crossover stent implantation, followed by side branch (SB) strut dilation with KBI (n = 74 lesions) or sequential dilation (n = 181 lesions) in three hospitals.

A New Global Spinal Balance Classification Based on Individual Pelvic Anatomical Measurements in Patients With Adult Spinal Deformity.

Study Design: A retrospective study.

Objective: This study aims to establish a new, easy-to-implement global spinal balance (GSB) classification based on individual pelvic anatomical measurements in adult spinal deformity patients, and to validate this classification in terms of patients' quality of life (QOL).

Summary Of Background Data: Coronal (central sacral vertical line) and sagittal (C7 sagittal vertical axis [C7 SVA]) lines are standard parameters to evaluate GSB.

Three-Dimensional Analysis of Preoperative and Postoperative Rib Cage Parameters by Simultaneous Biplanar Radiographic Scanning Technique in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: Minimum 2-Year Follow-Up.

Study Design: Prospective study.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the changes in rib cage deformity in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) by comparing the preoperative and postoperative three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction images using simultaneous biplanar radiographic scanning technique (EOS) (EOS Imaging, Paris, France).

Summary Of Background Data: EOS data are limited for the analyses of preoperative and postoperative rib cage deformity.

Oncologic Reappraisal of Bile Duct Resection for Middle-Third Cholangiocarcinoma.

Background: Although bile duct resection (BDR) in addition to pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) is considered a surgical approach in patients with middle-third cholangiocarcinoma (MCC), available prognostic information after BDR remains very limited. The aim of this study was to reappraise BDR from the viewpoint of surgical oncology.

Methods: Patients who underwent BDR or PD for MCC between 2001 and 2010 at 32 Japanese hospitals were included.

Preoperative 6-Minute Walk Performance in Children With Congenital Scoliosis.

Background: The 6-minute walk test (6MWT) is used to assess the function of cardiopulmonary and neuromuscular conditions in adults and children. The primary research question was to determine the relationship between 6MWT distance and forced vital capacity (FVC) and the major curve among children with congenital scoliosis with rib anomalies.

Methods: The authors recorded 6MWT distance in meters, FVC as a percentage of predicted normal value using arm span for height (FVC%), and Cobb angle in 20 children (13 girls; average age, 6.