Propagation of neuronal micronuclei regulates microglial characteristics.

Microglia-resident immune cells in the central nervous system-undergo morphological and functional changes in response to signals from the local environment and mature into various homeostatic states. However, niche signals underlying microglial differentiation and maturation remain unknown. Here, we show that neuronal micronuclei (MN) transfer to microglia, which is followed by changing microglial characteristics during the postnatal period.

Causes of Different Force-Velocity Relationships in Sprint Running Depending on Horizontal Loads and Profiling Methods.

Purpose: We aimed to clarify how the horizontal force-velocity (Fvh) relationship during over-ground sprint running differs with horizontal resistance loads and profiling methods (multiple- and single-trial methods).

Methods: Twelve males performed sprint running (one unresisted and five resisted) using a motorized loading device. During the trials, the ground reaction forces at every step were obtained using a 50 m force plate system.

Promoting healthy practices among schools and children in rural bangladesh: a randomised controlled trial of skill-based health education.

Background: Poor child health and hygiene practices are persistent issues in resource-constrained settings, particularly in low-income countries. This study assessed the impact of skill-based health education (SBHE) on school and child hygiene practices in rural Bangladesh.

Methods: A cluster-randomised-controlled intervention with cross-cutting/factorial design was conducted in 180 randomly selected primary schools, stratified by school type, in Jhenaidah District, Bangladesh.

Molecular dynamics simulations of a multicellular model with cell-cell interactions and Hippo signaling pathway.

The transcriptional coactivator Yes-associated protein (YAP)/transcriptional co-activator with PDZ binding motif (TAZ) induces cell proliferation through nuclear localization at low cell density. Conversely, at extremely high cell density, the Hippo pathway, which regulates YAP/TAZ, is activated. This activation leads to the translocation of YAP/TAZ into the cytoplasm, resulting in cell cycle arrest.

Molecular-based characterization and bioengineering of Sorghum bicolor to enhance iron deficiency tolerance in iron-limiting calcareous soils.

Plant biomass can significantly contribute to alternative energy sources. Sorghum bicolor is a promising plant for producing energy, but is susceptible to iron deficiency, which inhibits its cultivation in iron-limiting calcareous soils. The molecular basis for the susceptibility of sorghum to iron deficiency remains unclear.

Eicosapentaenoic Acid and Medium-Chain Triacylglycerol Structured Lipid Supplementation Improves Muscular Endurance Exercise Performance and Reduces Muscle Fatigue in Young Healthy Male.

Objective: Structured lipids containing medium-chain fatty acids, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) from fish oil (EPA/MCT) and it improve overall endurance. However, their effects on local muscle endurance remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effects of EPA/MCT intake on muscle endurance during leg extension exercises and subsequent muscle fatigue.

Early detection of students' mental health issues from a traditional daily health observation scheme in Japanese schools and its digitalization.

Objective: The implementation of school-based mental health screening offers promise for early detection of mental health issues in children; however, various barriers hinder its widespread adoption. This study aimed to investigate the predictive value of digital data obtained from an established daily health observation scheme in Japanese schools to identify later mental health issues in children.

Methods: Data for the analysis were obtained from 2,433 students enrolled in five public schools.

Corrigendum: Fucoidan ameliorates renal injury-related calcium-phosphorus metabolic disorder and bone abnormality in the CKD-MBD model rats by targeting FGF23-Klotho signaling axis.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.

Exploring interests: A pathway to ikigai and eudaimonic well-being among people with serious mental illness.

Objective: Ikigai is a Japanese concept of a life worth living and related to eudaimonic well-being. Supporting the pursuit of is of central importance to recovery-oriented psychiatric rehabilitation for people with serious mental illnesses (SMI). While research suggests that work, leisure, and social relationships are potential sources of , people with SMI have restricted access to these as they encounter systemic barriers to participating in such activities.

Body talk and body dissatisfaction in Japanese university students: Longitudinal study using the Japanese Body Talk Scale.

This study evaluated the reliability and validity of the Japanese version of the Body Talk Scale (BTS), designed to measure negative fat talk, negative muscle talk, and positive body talk. The study also explored the longitudinal associations between each body talk category and body dissatisfaction. We conducted two separate studies among university students in Japan.

An outside individual option increases optimism and facilitates collaboration when groups form flexibly.

Voluntary participation is a central yet understudied aspect of collaboration. Here, we model collaboration as people's voluntary choices between joining an uncertain public goods provisioning in groups and pursuing a less profitable but certain individual option. First, we find that voluntariness in collaboration increases the likelihood of group success via two pathways, both contributing to form more optimistic groups: pessimistic defectors are filtered out from groups, and some individuals update their beliefs to become cooperative.

Mental health status of children who use foreign languages at home in Japan.

Aim: Little is known about the mental health status of children in Japan whose roots are in foreign countries. The differences in language that are used every day may be a factor that makes adaptation difficult for these children. The aim of the present study, therefore, was to examine the mental health status of children who use foreign languages at home via a cross-sectional survey in a large cohort.

The fan cooling vest use reduces thermal and perceptual strain during outdoor exercise in the heat on a sunny summer day.

The fan cooling vest is coming into very common use by Japanese outdoor manual workers. We examined that to what extent using this vest reduces thermal strain and perception during outdoor exercise in the heat on a sunny summer day. Ten male baseball players in high school conducted two baseball training sessions for 2-h with (VEST) or without (CON) a commercially available fan cooling vest on a baseball uniform.

Profiles of psychological flexibility and caregiving experience in dementia family caregivers: A latent profile analysis.

Objectives: To explore the profiles of psychological flexibility among dementia family caregivers and examine their associations with psychological well-being and caregiving factors.

Methods: Participants were 521 dementia family caregivers in Japan. Latent profile analysis was conducted to explore the profiles of psychological flexibility.

Associations between symptoms of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, socioeconomic status and asthma in children.

Socioeconomic status (SES) influences the risk of both physical diseases, such as asthma, and neurodevelopmental conditions, including attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Using Causal Mediation Analysis on French birth-cohort data, we found a causal pathway from SES to ADHD symptoms, in part mediated by asthma. An increase in family income at age 3 by one unit resulted in lower ADHD symptoms at age 5, by -0.

Validity of spatiotemporal and ground reaction force estimates during resisted sprinting with a motorized loading device.

We aimed to examine the validity of estimating spatiotemporal and ground reaction force (GRF) parameters during resisted sprinting using a robotic loading device (1080 Sprint). Twelve male athletes (age: 20.9 ± 2.

Effects of single and repeated bouts of flywheel exercise on jump performance and muscle damage in athletes and non athletes.

Background: Although recent studies have investigated the effects of flywheel (FW) training on muscle function, the effects of transient FW exercise on jump performance in athletes are unknown. This study examined the effects of single and repeated bouts of FW squat exercises on jump performance and muscle damage in male collegiate basketball players.

Methods: The participants were 10 healthy college-age men (nonathletes) and 11 male basketball players (athletes).

Home-based high-intensity interval training improves cardiorespiratory fitness: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is an effective methods to improve maximal oxygen uptake. However, there is no definitive conclusion about the specific effectiveness of home-based HIIT. This review investigated the effects of home-based HIIT on cardiorespiratory fitness in a systematic review and meta-analysis.