The Effectiveness of Short-Term Group Psychoeducation for Patients With Bipolar Disorder in Japan.

Introduction Psychoeducation is a form of psychosocial treatment with proven efficacy in preventing the relapse of bipolar disorder (BD). However, the effectiveness of psychoeducation has not been verified in Japan. We aimed to examine the effect of a brief group psychoeducation course (eight-session long) on relapse prevention in Japanese patients with BD and associated factors.

Whole-genome resequencing of Japanese large-sized tomato cultivars provides insights into the history of modern breeding.

Tomatoes have the highest agricultural production among vegetables in Japan and worldwide. Japanese large-sized fresh-market tomatoes have a unique breeding history that differs from that of other countries, represented by pink-colored and juicy fruits with a good taste and flavor. We performed whole-genome resequencing of 150 Japanese large-sized fresh-market tomato cultivars released from the 1940s to the 2000s to unveil how breeding selection has changed the genome of Japanese tomato cultivars and provide a genomic basis for future Japanese tomato breeding.

Association of sleep-wake state discrepancy and depressive symptoms with restorative sleep in patients with depression.

Objective: One of the common symptoms of mood disorders is insomnia, and the recovery processes can be negatively impacted by a lack of restorative sleep. Although factors related to restorative sleep in healthy subjects have been investigated, evaluations of these factors in patients with depression have been rarely done. Patients with depression are known to have sleep-wake state discrepancy, which can further influence their restorative sleep beyond that associated with depressive symptoms.

Real-World Experience of Clascoterone Cream 1% in Acne Management: Case Series and Canadian Experience.

Acne vulgaris is a globally prevalent dermatological condition associated with substantial physical and psychological burden. Although acne typically presents during adolescence, it is a chronic condition that also affects many adults. Despite the spectrum of treatments available for acne, limitations in tolerability and safety concerns can present challenges for the use of conventional medications in clinical practice.

Mechanisms of multidrug resistance caused by an Ipi1 mutation in the fungal pathogen Candida glabrata.

Multidrug resistance in the pathogenic fungus Candida glabrata is a growing global threat. Here, we study mechanisms of multidrug resistance in this pathogen. Exposure of C.

Key Taxa of the Gut Microbiome Associated with the Relationship Between Environmental Sensitivity and Inflammation-Related Biomarkers.

Individual differences in environmental sensitivity are linked to stress-related psychiatric symptoms. In previous research, we found that high environmental sensitivity can be a risk factor for increased inflammation and gut permeability, particularly when gut microbiome diversity is low. However, the specific gut bacterial taxa involved in this interaction remain unclear.

Evaluating the Diagnostic Value of Lymphocyte Subsets in Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid and Peripheral Blood Across Various Diffuse Interstitial Lung Disease Subtypes.

Diffuse interstitial lung diseases (ILD) include conditions with identifiable causes such as chronic eosinophilic pneumonia (CEP), sarcoidosis (SAR), chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis (CHP), and connective tissue disease-associated interstitial pneumonia (CTD), as well as idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (IIP) of unknown origin. In non-IIP diffuse lung diseases, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid appearance is diagnostic. This study examines lymphocyte subsets in BAL fluid and peripheral blood of 56 patients with diffuse ILD, excluding idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), who underwent BAL for diagnostic purposes.

Delphi Consensus on the Management of Spanish Patients with Post-Stroke Hemiplegic Shoulder Pain Treated with Botulinum Toxin A: Result Study.

The study aimed to identify expert opinions and obtain recommendations on the management of post-stroke hemiplegic shoulder pain (HSP) and treatment with botulinum toxin A (BoNT-A). A multicenter Delphi study was conducted using an online survey designed by a committee of experts with at least 10 years of experience in post-stroke HSP management with BoNT-A in Spain. Forty-seven panelists (specialists with at least 5 years of experience in post-stroke HSP management with BoNT-A) rated their level of agreement in two rounds based on acceptance by ≥66.

Long-Term Safety of Ixekizumab Treatment in Patients with Psoriasis, Psoriatic Arthritis, or Axial Spondyloarthritis: a Post Hoc Analysis of Cerebro-Cardiovascular Events.

Introduction: Psoriasis (PsO), psoriatic arthritis (PsA), and axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) may confer an increased risk for cardiovascular (CV) disease, including major adverse cerebro-cardiovascular events (MACE), deep vein thrombosis (DVT), and pulmonary embolism (PE). Patients with these conditions are often exposed for extended time periods to biologics, such as ixekizumab (IXE). Therefore, understanding the risk of CV events, especially MACE, in patients with PsO, PsA, and axSpA exposed to IXE is important.

Beneficial effects on T cells by photodynamic therapy with talaporfin enhance cancer immunotherapy.

Photodynamic therapy (PDT), a local cancer treatment using photosensitizers, has been reported to enhance antitumor immune responses by inducing immunogenic cell death. Although several studies have demonstrated the synergistic antitumor effects of PDT and immune checkpoint blockage (ICB), the detailed underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the immunological effects of PDT with talaporfin (Tal-PDT), a clinically approved photosensitizer, using bilateral tumor-bearing mouse models.

Ravulizumab demonstrates long-term efficacy, safety and favorable patient survival in patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria.

Ravulizumab is a second-generation complement component 5 (C5) inhibitor (C5i) approved for the treatment of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) following positive results from two pivotal trials in patients with PNH originally naive to C5i treatment and eculizumab-experienced patients with PNH. In both trials, after the 26week primary evaluation period, all patients received ravulizumab for up to 6 years. To report ravulizumab treatment outcomes in patients with PNH originally naive to C5i treatment and eculizumab-experienced patients with PNH treated for up to 6 years.

Factors associated with grief in family carers of people with dementia in Japan: a systematic review.

Background: The purpose of this study was to systematically review the existing literature on grief in family carers of people with dementia in Japan and to synthesise the evidence on the prevalence and associated factors of pre- and post-death grief of the carers.

Methods: CiNii Research, J-STAGE, and ICHUSHI were searched for studies published in Japanese and MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and CINAHL for studies written in English up to 30 November, 2023.

Results: Of the 315 references identified, eight studies that met the eligibility criteria were included: six studies investigated pre-death grief, and two studies investigated post-death grief.

Safety and Tolerability of Pivmecillinam During More Than Four Decades of Clinical Experience: A Systematic Review.

The recent US Food and Drug Administration approval of pivmecillinam-an oral prodrug of the amidinopenicillin antibiotic mecillinam-presents a valuable opportunity to address the need for new treatments for uncomplicated urinary tract infection (uUTI). We report findings of a systematic literature review of the safety profile of pivmecillinam/mecillinam based on more than 40 years' experience, mainly in Europe and Canada, to describe its tolerability profile and identify any important safety signals. In total, 110 eligible publications were identified describing use of pivmecillinam/mecillinam as monotherapy or in combination, for treatment of uUTI or other infectious conditions.

Construction of Machine Learning Models to Predict the Maximum Absorption Wavelength Considering the Solute and Solvent and Inverse Analysis of the Models.

Fluorescent organic molecules are used in a wide range of fields, such as organic light-emitting diodes, paints, and fluorescent imaging, and they are indispensable in our daily lives. However, the development of fluorescent organic molecules is difficult because fluorescence is only exhibited by specific molecules. In addition, the optical properties of the same fluorescent organic molecule can change by changing the solvent.

Global trends in the revision of nutrient reference values and formulations for infants and toddlers.

Background And Objectives: Nutrient Reference Values (NRVs) play an important role in nutrition labeling and nutrition and health claims based on scientific data. This study, with a global perspective, reviewed recent trends in NRVs for adults and their establishment for infants and toddlers.

Methods And Study Design: We searched for laws and regulations on official government websites for nutrition labeling in the United States, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, China, South Korea, Japan, the Codex Committee, and the European Union.

Segment-specific promoter activity for RNA synthesis in the genome of Oz virus, genus Thogotovirus.

Oz virus (OZV), a tick-borne, six-segmented negative-strand RNA virus in the genus Thogotovirus, caused a fatal human infection in Japan in 2023. To study viral RNA synthesis, we developed an OZV minigenome assay using mammalian cells. This revealed variations in promoter activities among the six genome segments.

Impact of psychotropic pro re nata prescription-monitoring programme on prescriptions for inpatients with psychiatric disorders: a retrospective observational study.

Background: Pro re nata (PRN) medication is used "as needed" for symptoms such as agitation and insomnia, in addition to regular daily pharmacotherapy of mental disorders. However, there is no high-quality evidence on the effectiveness of psychotropic PRN medications and concerns have been raised about their potential to contribute to polypharmacy. This study introduced a psychotropic PRN prescription-monitoring programme for psychiatric inpatients with the aim of examining the change before and after the implementation of the programme.

Propagation of neuronal micronuclei regulates microglial characteristics.

Microglia-resident immune cells in the central nervous system-undergo morphological and functional changes in response to signals from the local environment and mature into various homeostatic states. However, niche signals underlying microglial differentiation and maturation remain unknown. Here, we show that neuronal micronuclei (MN) transfer to microglia, which is followed by changing microglial characteristics during the postnatal period.

Automated xeno-free chondrogenic differentiation from human embryonic stem cells: Enhancing efficiency and ensuring high-quality mass production.

Introduction: Repairing damaged cartilage poses significant challenges, particularly in cases of congenital cartilage defects such as microtia or congenital tracheal stenosis, or as a consequence of traumatic injury, as the regenerative potential of cartilage is inherently limited. Stem cell therapy and tissue engineering offer promising approaches to overcome these limitations in cartilage healing. However, the challenge lies in the size of cartilage-containing organs, which necessitates a large quantity of cells to fill the damaged areas.

Post-transplant TKIs for Ph+ ALL: practices to date and clinical significance.

Post-transplant tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) show promise in preventing relapse after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT) for Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph+ALL). However, their real-world use and efficacy remain unclear. A comprehensive study across seven centers included Ph+ALL patients who underwent allo-HCT between 2002 and 2022.

Cascade Aza-Prins/Friedel-Crafts Reaction of Homocinnamyloxycarbamate and Aromatic Aldehydes Yielding Aromatic Ring-Annulated Hydrocyclopenta-1,2-oxazinane.

The cascade aza-Prins/Friedel-Crafts reaction of homocinnamyloxycarbamate with electron-rich aromatic aldehydes has been successfully established. Most of the aromatic aldehydes react with the carbamate stereoselectively to generate -hydroindeno-1,2-oxazinanes. However, the cascade reactions of benzaldehydes bearing two methoxy groups at the -positions exhibit a unique stereochemical profile.

sp. nov., a crude oil aggregation-forming anaerobic bacterium isolated from marine sediment.

A crude oil aggregation-forming, strictly anaerobic, Gram-stain-positive, spore-forming, rod-shaped, motile and mesophilic bacterium, named strain SH18-2, was isolated from marine sediment near Sado Island in the Sea of Japan. The temperature, salinity and pH ranges of this strain for the growth were 15-40 °C (optimum 35 °C), 0.5-6.